docs(clock): record lifecycle recovery boundaries

defenderGenerals 선정이 nationId === defenderCity.nationId만 비교해
공백지(nationId 0)와 재야 장수(nationId 0)가 0 === 0으로 같은 세력으로
판정되었다. nationId 0는 실제 국가가 아니라 무소속을 뜻하므로
general.nationId !== 0 조건을 추가해 war/aftermath.ts의 수비국 장수
조건과 같은 의미로 맞춘다. 공백지 공격/공성/점령과 경로 탐색의 공백지
허용은 그대로 두고, 병력·훈련·사기를 갖춘 재야 장수는 수비하지 않고
국가 소속 수비 장수는 계속 수비함을 회귀 테스트로 고정한다.

.oxlintrc.json

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+{
+    "$schema": "./node_modules/oxlint/configuration_schema.json",
+    "categories": {
+        "correctness": "off"
+    },
+    "plugins": ["typescript"],
+    "options": {
+        "typeAware": true,
+        "respectEslintDisableDirectives": true
+    },
+    "rules": {
+        "@typescript-eslint/no-floating-promises": "error",
+        "@typescript-eslint/no-misused-promises": [
+            "error",
+            {
+                "checksVoidReturn": {
+                    "arguments": false,
+                    "attributes": false
+                }
+            }
+        ]
+    },
+    "ignorePatterns": [
+        "**/dist/**",
+        "**/node_modules/**",
+        "**/*.d.ts",
+        "**/*.js",
+        "**/*.mjs",
+        "**/*.cjs",
+        "**/*.vue",
+        "legacy/**",
+        "packages/infra/prisma/client/**",
+        "**/generated/**",
+        ".pnpm-store/**"
+    ]
+}

AGENTS.md

@@ -6,9 +6,10 @@
 `AGENTS.md`가 생기면 사용자 지시, 가까운 파일, 이 파일, 상위 작업공간
 지침 순으로 적용합니다.
 
-목표는 `../ref/sam`의 PHP 서비스를 TypeScript 런타임으로 호환 이관하는
-것입니다. 내부 구조를 더 깔끔하게 만드는 일보다 기존 결과, 상태 전이, 권한,
-화면과 운영 경계를 보존하는 일이 우선입니다.
+`../ref/sam`은 누락·회귀를 찾고 기존 개념과 사용자 기대를 이해하기 위한 PHP
+기준 구현입니다. `core2026`은 0.1.0 출시 이후 독립적으로 발전하는 제품이므로,
+이관 중인 계승 영역은 기존 결과·상태 전이·권한·화면·운영 경계를 우선 보존하되
+명시적인 신규 기능·밸런스·UX 결정까지 Ref와 기계적으로 일치시키지 않습니다.
 
 ## 현재 기준과 저장소 경계
 
@@ -41,7 +42,9 @@ commit 또는 삭제를 하지 말아 주세요.
 판정해 주세요. 기능 목록이나 report의 완료 표현만으로 전체 이관이 끝났다고
 판정하지 말아 주세요.
 
-- 새 차등 fixture가 mismatch를 드러내면 다시 제품 결함으로 분류해 주세요.
+- 새 차등 fixture가 mismatch를 드러내면 계승 계약, 의도적 제품 차이, 누락·회귀,
+  비교 불가 중 무엇인지 조사한 뒤 분류해 주세요. mismatch만으로 제품 결함을
+  확정하지 않습니다.
 - green unit test는 ref 호환, 실제 DB transaction, Chromium geometry 또는
   운영 장애 복구를 자동으로 증명하지 않습니다.
 - 환경 변수가 없는 기본 test에서 skip된 integration은 실행된 검증이 아닙니다.
@@ -95,6 +98,20 @@ priority/unique-ID trigger와 닫힌 의미 이벤트를 한 범용 hook으로
 `의도적 차이`를 근거와 함께 사용해 주세요. 문서와 코드가 다르면 먼저 양쪽 기준
 commit과 실제 실행을 확인하고 사실관계를 고쳐 주세요.
 
+Ref 비교 전에 대상 계약도 구분해 주세요.
+
+- 별도 제품 결정이 없는 기존 기능은 **계승 계약**으로 보고 사용자 목적, 도메인
+  의미, 권한·소유권, 상태 수명주기와 관찰 가능한 결과를 비교합니다.
+- 신규 기능·밸런스·안전·운영·UX 정책은 **의도적 제품 차이**로 기록하고 목적,
+  적용 버전과 범위, 상태·후속 턴 영향, migration/호환 경계와 Core 회귀 테스트를
+  둡니다. Ref와 다른 값이 나오는 것 자체는 실패가 아닙니다.
+- 제품 결정 없이 기존 개념이나 정보가 사라진 경우는 **누락·회귀**, Ref에 대응
+  개념이 없는 기능은 **비교 불가**입니다. 후자는 자체 불변조건으로 검증합니다.
+
+차등 테스트는 차이를 감지하는 도구이지 제품 정책의 판정자가 아닙니다. 계승
+계약에만 exact equality를 요구하고, 의도적 차이는 별도 기대값·허용 목록·버전된
+fixture로 명시하여 무작정 테스트를 끄거나 Ref 기대값에 되맞추지 마세요.
+
 ref 계측이 필요하면 다음을 지켜 주세요.
 
 - `devel`에 test, endpoint, fixture나 debug 코드를 commit하지 말아 주세요.
@@ -105,7 +122,7 @@ ref 계측이 필요하면 다음을 지켜 주세요.
   확인해 주세요.
 - ref와 core 변경은 서로 다른 저장소와 commit으로 관리해 주세요.
 
-## 호환성 우선순위
+## 계승 계약의 호환성 우선순위
 
 1. 전투 결과, 계산식, 판정·반올림·정렬과 RNG 소비 순서
 2. 턴/명령 조건, 자원 변화, DB 상태 전이와 권한
@@ -113,10 +130,12 @@ ref 계측이 필요하면 다음을 지켜 주세요.
 4. 문구, 로그, 화면 흐름과 룩앤필
 5. 내부 구현 세부사항
 
-레거시의 이상해 보이는 동작도 계약일 수 있습니다. 보안 또는 데이터 손상 위험이
-아니면 우선 같은 동작을 재현하고 개선 제안은 분리해 주세요. 허용하는 차이는
-사용자 경험, 저장 상태와 후속 턴 결과에 영향이 없다는 근거를 mapping/report에
-남겨 주세요.
+레거시의 이상해 보이는 동작도 계승 계약일 수 있습니다. 보안 또는 데이터 손상
+위험이 아니면 먼저 재현하고 제품 변경은 분리해 주세요. 반대로 승인·출시된 Core
+차이는 Ref 결과만을 이유로 되돌리지 않습니다. 의도적 차이는 사용자 경험·저장
+상태·후속 턴에 영향을 줄 수 있으므로 그 영향과 전환 경계를 mapping/report에
+명시합니다. 보안, 데이터 무결성, 인증 actor 권한과 운영 안전은 신규 기능이라는
+이름만으로 완화하지 않습니다.
 
 ## 인증과 권한
 
@@ -282,6 +301,11 @@ pnpm test
 pnpm build
 ```
 
+루트 `pnpm test`와 `pnpm build`는 간단 출력이 기본입니다. Codex도 일반 검증에는
+이 명령을 사용하고, 실패 진단이나 전체 task 진행이 필요한 경우에만
+`pnpm test-verbose`, `pnpm build-verbose`를 사용해 주세요. 서버 빌드 워커의
+streaming 상세 로그는 관리자 관찰 계약이므로 간단 출력으로 바꾸지 말아 주세요.
+
 - 모든 코드 변경 후 `CI=1 pnpm typecheck`를 실행해 주세요.
 - package import나 파일 위치를 변경한 뒤 `pnpm check:architecture`를 실행해
   주세요. `packages/logic`의 runtime I/O는 `ports/` interface와 app/infra

README.md

@@ -175,6 +175,17 @@ pnpm build
 pnpm test:integration
 ```
 
+`pnpm lint`는 ESLint의 일반 TypeScript/Vue 검사, Oxlint의 type-aware TypeScript
+Promise 검사, ESLint의 type-aware Vue Promise 검사를 메모리 경계에 맞게 나누어
+실행합니다. cache를 제외한 전체 검증은 `pnpm lint:uncached`, package 하나만
+검사할 때는 기존처럼 `pnpm --filter <package-name> lint`를 사용합니다.
+
+루트 `test`와 `build`는 Codex와 일반 개발 검증에서 성공 로그를 줄이는 간단 출력이
+기본입니다. 테스트별 진행과 전체 Turbo task 로그가 필요한 실패 진단에는
+`pnpm test-verbose`, `pnpm build-verbose`를 사용합니다. Gateway 서버 빌드 워커는
+관리자 operation 화면에 진행 상황을 제공하기 위해 별도의 streaming 상세 출력
+정책을 계속 사용합니다.
+
 PostgreSQL·Redis 조건부 suite는 격리된 서비스를 준비한 뒤 실행합니다.
 
 ```sh

app/game-api/package.json

@@ -20,8 +20,8 @@
         "worker:auction:dev": "GAME_API_ROLE=auction-worker tsdown -c ../../tsdown.config.ts -F @sammo-ts/game-api --watch",
         "worker:tournament": "GAME_API_ROLE=tournament-worker node dist/index.js",
         "worker:tournament:dev": "GAME_API_ROLE=tournament-worker tsdown -c ../../tsdown.config.ts -F @sammo-ts/game-api --watch",
-        "lint": "eslint .",
-        "lint:fix": "eslint . --fix",
+        "lint": "pnpm -w lint:target app/game-api",
+        "lint:fix": "pnpm -w lint:target:fix app/game-api",
         "test": "vitest run --config vitest.config.ts",
         "typecheck": "pnpm -w tsc7 -b app/game-api/tsconfig.json"
     },

app/game-api/src/auction/open.ts

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ export const openAuctionWithDaemon = async (
     generalId: number,
     input: OpenAuctionInput,
     requestId?: string
-): Promise<{ auctionId: number; closeAt: string }> => {
+): Promise<{ auctionId: number; closeAt: string; closeTick: number }> => {
     const result = await ctx.turnDaemon.requestCommand({
         type: 'auctionOpen',
         ...(requestId ? { requestId } : {}),
@@ -46,10 +46,11 @@ export const openAuctionWithDaemon = async (
     const closeAt = new Date(result.closeAt);
     const gameTime = await loadCurrentGameTime(ctx.db);
     await ctx.redis.zAdd(timerKeys.timerKey, [
-        { score: resolveAuctionTimerScore(gameTime, closeAt), value: String(result.auctionId) },
+        { score: resolveAuctionTimerScore(gameTime, closeAt, BigInt(result.closeTick)), value: String(result.auctionId) },
     ]);
     return {
         auctionId: result.auctionId,
         closeAt: result.closeAt,
+        closeTick: result.closeTick,
     };
 };

app/game-api/src/auction/scheduler.ts

@@ -10,18 +10,19 @@ interface RedisSortedSetClient {
 }
 
 export const resolveAuctionTimerScore = (time: CurrentGameTime, closeAt: Date, closeTick?: bigint | null): number => {
-    if (closeTick !== null && closeTick !== undefined) {
-        const value = Number(closeTick);
-        if (!Number.isSafeInteger(value)) throw new Error(`Auction close tick is unsafe: ${closeTick}`);
-        return value;
-    }
-    return time.dateToTick(closeAt) ?? closeAt.getTime();
+    void time;
+    void closeAt;
+    if (closeTick === null || closeTick === undefined) throw new Error('Auction close tick is required.');
+    const value = Number(closeTick);
+    if (!Number.isSafeInteger(value)) throw new Error(`Auction close tick is unsafe: ${closeTick}`);
+    return value;
 };
 
 export const resolveAuctionSeedScore = (time: CurrentGameTime, row: AuctionTimerRow): number => {
     if (row.status === 'FINALIZING') {
         // 마감 판정은 이미 끝났으므로 원래 deadline을 기다리지 않고 durable event 복구를 즉시 재시도한다.
-        return time.tick ?? time.now.getTime();
+        if (time.tick === null) throw new Error('Current game tick is required for auction recovery.');
+        return time.tick;
     }
     return resolveAuctionTimerScore(time, row.closeAt, row.closeTick);
 };

app/game-api/src/auction/worker.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
 import {
+    CLOCK_OPERATION_PERSISTENCE_LOCK,
+    GamePrisma,
+    acquireGameSchemaAdvisoryXactLock,
     createGamePostgresConnector,
     createRedisConnector,
     type GamePrismaClient,
@@ -10,6 +13,7 @@ import { resolveGameApiConfigFromEnv } from '../config.js';
 import { createBestEffortResourceCloser } from '../services/bestEffortResourceCloser.js';
 import { loadCurrentGameTime, type CurrentGameTime } from '../services/gameClock.js';
 import { createPollingWorkerControl, waitForWorkerPoll } from '../services/pollingWorkerLifecycle.js';
+import { ensureActiveRedisClockFence } from '../services/redisClockFence.js';
 import { buildAuctionTimerKeys } from './keys.js';
 import { resolveAuctionTimerScore, seedAuctionTimers } from './scheduler.js';
 
@@ -24,13 +28,27 @@ interface RedisTimerClient {
     zAdd(key: string, values: Array<{ score: number; value: string }>): Promise<number>;
     zRem(key: string, values: string | string[]): Promise<number>;
     zRemRangeByScore(key: string, min: number, max: number): Promise<number>;
+    eval?(script: string, options: { keys: string[]; arguments: string[] }): Promise<unknown>;
 }
 
+const POP_DUE_AUCTIONS_SCRIPT = `
+if redis.call('GET', KEYS[2]) ~= ARGV[1]
+   or redis.call('GET', KEYS[3]) ~= ARGV[2]
+   or redis.call('GET', KEYS[4]) ~= 'RUNNING' then
+  return { '__CLOCK_FENCE__' }
+end
+local ids = redis.call('ZRANGEBYSCORE', KEYS[1], '-inf', ARGV[3], 'LIMIT', 0, ARGV[4])
+if #ids > 0 then
+  redis.call('ZREM', KEYS[1], unpack(ids))
+end
+return ids
+`;
+
 const AUCTION_FINALIZE_RECOVERY_LIMIT = 1;
 
 interface AuctionFinalizeDeadline {
     closeAt: Date;
-    closeTick: bigint | null;
+    closeTick: bigint;
 }
 
 interface AuctionFinalizeCommand {
@@ -38,19 +56,10 @@ interface AuctionFinalizeCommand {
     requestId: string;
     auctionId: number;
     expectedCloseAt: string;
-    expectedCloseTick?: number;
+    expectedCloseTick: number;
 }
 
-interface AuctionFinalizeEventRecord {
-    target: string;
-    eventType: string;
-    payload: unknown;
-    status: string;
-    result: unknown;
-}
-
-const readSafeCloseTick = (closeTick: bigint | null): number | undefined => {
-    if (closeTick === null) return undefined;
+const readSafeCloseTick = (closeTick: bigint): number => {
     const value = Number(closeTick);
     if (!Number.isSafeInteger(value)) {
         throw new Error(`Auction close tick is unsafe: ${closeTick}`);
@@ -63,14 +72,7 @@ export const buildAuctionFinalizeRequestId = (
     deadline: AuctionFinalizeDeadline,
     retry = 0
 ): string => {
-    const generation =
-        deadline.closeTick === null ? deadline.closeAt.getTime().toString() : `tick:${deadline.closeTick.toString()}`;
-    const base = `auction:finalize:${auctionId}:${generation}`;
-    return retry > 0 ? `${base}:retry:${retry}` : base;
-};
-
-const buildLegacyAuctionFinalizeRequestId = (auctionId: number, closeAt: Date, retry = 0): string => {
-    const base = `auction:finalize:${auctionId}:${closeAt.getTime()}`;
+    const base = `auction:finalize:${auctionId}:tick:${deadline.closeTick.toString()}`;
     return retry > 0 ? `${base}:retry:${retry}` : base;
 };
 
@@ -83,7 +85,7 @@ const buildAuctionFinalizeCommand = (
     requestId,
     auctionId,
     expectedCloseAt: deadline.closeAt.toISOString(),
-    ...(deadline.closeTick === null ? {} : { expectedCloseTick: readSafeCloseTick(deadline.closeTick) }),
+    expectedCloseTick: readSafeCloseTick(deadline.closeTick),
 });
 
 const isMatchingAuctionFinalizeEvent = (
@@ -95,10 +97,7 @@ const isMatchingAuctionFinalizeEvent = (
         payload !== null && typeof payload === 'object' && !Array.isArray(payload)
             ? (payload as Record<string, unknown>)
             : null;
-    const expectedGenerationMatches =
-        payloadRecord?.expectedCloseTick !== undefined
-            ? payloadRecord.expectedCloseTick === command.expectedCloseTick
-            : payloadRecord?.expectedCloseAt === undefined || payloadRecord.expectedCloseAt === command.expectedCloseAt;
+    const expectedGenerationMatches = payloadRecord?.expectedCloseTick === command.expectedCloseTick;
     return (
         event.target === 'ENGINE' &&
         event.eventType === command.type &&
@@ -115,12 +114,29 @@ const isSuccessfulAuctionFinalizeResult = (result: unknown, auctionId: number):
     return resultRecord.type === 'auctionFinalize' && resultRecord.ok === true && resultRecord.auctionId === auctionId;
 };
 
-const popDueAuctionIds = async (
+export const popDueAuctionIds = async (
     redis: RedisTimerClient,
     timerKey: string,
     nowMs: number,
-    batchSize: number
+    batchSize: number,
+    clockFence?: {
+        activeRevisionKey: string;
+        deadlineGenerationKey: string;
+        phaseKey: string;
+        revision: number;
+        generation: number;
+    }
 ): Promise<string[]> => {
+    if (clockFence) {
+        if (!redis.eval) throw new Error('Redis EVAL is required for revision-fenced auction due-pop.');
+        const result = await redis.eval(POP_DUE_AUCTIONS_SCRIPT, {
+            keys: [timerKey, clockFence.activeRevisionKey, clockFence.deadlineGenerationKey, clockFence.phaseKey],
+            arguments: [String(clockFence.revision), String(clockFence.generation), String(nowMs), String(batchSize)],
+        });
+        if (!Array.isArray(result)) throw new Error('Auction due-pop returned an invalid Redis result.');
+        if (result[0] === '__CLOCK_FENCE__') return [];
+        return result.map(String);
+    }
     const ids = await redis.zRangeByScore(timerKey, 0, nowMs, { LIMIT: { offset: 0, count: batchSize } });
     if (ids.length > 0) {
         await redis.zRem(timerKey, ids);
@@ -157,13 +173,12 @@ export const reconcilePendingAuctionTimers = async (options: {
         if (row.status !== 'OPEN' && row.status !== 'FINALIZING') {
             continue;
         }
+        if (row.closeTick === null) throw new Error(`Auction ${row.id} has no GAME_TIME close authority.`);
         const deadline = { closeAt: row.closeAt, closeTick: row.closeTick };
         const canonicalBase = buildAuctionFinalizeRequestId(row.id, deadline);
-        const legacyBase = buildLegacyAuctionFinalizeRequestId(row.id, row.closeAt);
-        const bases = [...new Set([canonicalBase, legacyBase])];
         const events = await options.db.inputEvent.findMany({
             where: {
-                OR: bases.flatMap((base) => [{ requestId: base }, { requestId: { startsWith: `${base}:retry:` } }]),
+                OR: [{ requestId: canonicalBase }, { requestId: { startsWith: `${canonicalBase}:retry:` } }],
             },
             select: { requestId: true, target: true, eventType: true, payload: true, status: true },
             orderBy: { sequence: 'desc' },
@@ -182,7 +197,10 @@ export const reconcilePendingAuctionTimers = async (options: {
         timers.push({
             score:
                 row.status === 'FINALIZING'
-                    ? (options.gameTime.tick ?? options.gameTime.now.getTime())
+                    ? (() => {
+                          if (options.gameTime.tick === null) throw new Error('Current game tick is required.');
+                          return options.gameTime.tick;
+                      })()
                     : resolveAuctionTimerScore(options.gameTime, row.closeAt, row.closeTick),
             value: String(row.id),
         });
@@ -205,6 +223,8 @@ export const processDueAuctionId = async (options: {
     nowMs: number;
     nowTick?: number | null;
     historyNowMs?: number;
+    expectedClockRevision?: number;
+    expectedDeadlineGeneration?: number;
 }): Promise<'PENDING' | 'RESCHEDULED' | 'IGNORED'> => {
     const { db, redis, timerKey, historyKey, id, nowMs, nowTick = null, historyNowMs = nowMs } = options;
     const auctionId = Number(id);
@@ -213,6 +233,29 @@ export const processDueAuctionId = async (options: {
     }
     const now = new Date(nowMs);
     const outcome = await db.$transaction(async (transaction) => {
+        if (options.expectedClockRevision !== undefined || options.expectedDeadlineGeneration !== undefined) {
+            await acquireGameSchemaAdvisoryXactLock(transaction, CLOCK_OPERATION_PERSISTENCE_LOCK);
+            const [world] = await transaction.$queryRaw<
+                Array<{ clockPhase: string | null; clockRevision: bigint; deadlineGeneration: bigint }>
+            >(GamePrisma.sql`
+                SELECT
+                    clock_phase AS "clockPhase",
+                    clock_revision AS "clockRevision",
+                    deadline_generation AS "deadlineGeneration"
+                FROM world_state
+                ORDER BY id ASC
+                LIMIT 1
+                FOR UPDATE
+            `);
+            if (
+                !world ||
+                world.clockPhase !== 'RUNNING' ||
+                world.clockRevision !== BigInt(options.expectedClockRevision ?? -1) ||
+                world.deadlineGeneration !== BigInt(options.expectedDeadlineGeneration ?? -1)
+            ) {
+                return { status: 'RESCHEDULED' as const, clockFenceFailed: true };
+            }
+        }
         const current = await transaction.auction.findUnique({
             where: { id: auctionId },
             select: { status: true, closeAt: true, closeTick: true },
@@ -221,10 +264,10 @@ export const processDueAuctionId = async (options: {
             return { status: 'IGNORED' as const };
         }
         if (current.status === 'OPEN') {
-            const isDue =
-                current.closeTick !== null && nowTick !== null
-                    ? current.closeTick <= BigInt(nowTick)
-                    : current.closeTick === null && current.closeAt.getTime() <= now.getTime();
+            if (current.closeTick === null || nowTick === null) {
+                throw new Error(`Auction ${auctionId} cannot be evaluated without GAME_TIME authority.`);
+            }
+            const isDue = current.closeTick <= BigInt(nowTick);
             if (!isDue) {
                 return { status: 'RESCHEDULED' as const, closeAt: current.closeAt, closeTick: current.closeTick };
             }
@@ -233,24 +276,15 @@ export const processDueAuctionId = async (options: {
             return { status: 'IGNORED' as const };
         }
 
+        if (current.closeTick === null) throw new Error(`Auction ${auctionId} has no GAME_TIME close authority.`);
         const deadline = { closeAt: current.closeAt, closeTick: current.closeTick };
         for (let retry = 0; retry <= AUCTION_FINALIZE_RECOVERY_LIMIT; retry += 1) {
             const requestId = buildAuctionFinalizeRequestId(auctionId, deadline, retry);
-            const legacyRequestId = buildLegacyAuctionFinalizeRequestId(auctionId, current.closeAt, retry);
-            const candidateRequestIds = [...new Set([requestId, legacyRequestId])];
-            let existing: AuctionFinalizeEventRecord | null = null;
-            let existingRequestId = requestId;
-            for (const candidateRequestId of candidateRequestIds) {
-                existing = await transaction.inputEvent.findUnique({
-                    where: { requestId: candidateRequestId },
-                    select: { target: true, eventType: true, payload: true, status: true, result: true },
-                });
-                if (existing) {
-                    existingRequestId = candidateRequestId;
-                    break;
-                }
-            }
-            const command = buildAuctionFinalizeCommand(auctionId, deadline, existingRequestId);
+            const existing = await transaction.inputEvent.findUnique({
+                where: { requestId },
+                select: { target: true, eventType: true, payload: true, status: true, result: true },
+            });
+            const command = buildAuctionFinalizeCommand(auctionId, deadline, requestId);
             if (!existing) {
                 const nextCommand = buildAuctionFinalizeCommand(auctionId, deadline, requestId);
                 await transaction.inputEvent.create({
@@ -264,14 +298,14 @@ export const processDueAuctionId = async (options: {
                 return { status: 'PENDING' as const };
             }
             if (!isMatchingAuctionFinalizeEvent(existing, command)) {
-                throw new Error(`Conflicting durable auction finalization event: ${existingRequestId}`);
+                throw new Error(`Conflicting durable auction finalization event: ${requestId}`);
             }
             if (existing.status === 'PENDING' || existing.status === 'PROCESSING') {
                 return { status: 'PENDING' as const };
             }
             if (existing.status === 'SUCCEEDED' && isSuccessfulAuctionFinalizeResult(existing.result, auctionId)) {
                 throw new Error(
-                    `Auction remained ${current.status} after successful durable event: ${existingRequestId}`
+                    `Auction remained ${current.status} after successful durable event: ${requestId}`
                 );
             }
         }
@@ -284,6 +318,10 @@ export const processDueAuctionId = async (options: {
         return 'PENDING';
     }
     if (outcome.status === 'RESCHEDULED') {
+        if ('clockFenceFailed' in outcome) {
+            await redis.zAdd(timerKey, [{ score: nowTick ?? nowMs, value: id }]);
+            return 'RESCHEDULED';
+        }
         const gameTime = await loadCurrentGameTime(db, now);
         await redis.zAdd(timerKey, [
             {
@@ -315,18 +353,30 @@ export const runAuctionWorker = async (options: AuctionWorkerOptions = {}): Prom
         { name: 'auction-worker-postgres', run: () => postgres.disconnect() },
     ]);
 
-    let nextResyncAt = Date.now();
+    let nextResyncAt = performance.now();
     const pendingFinalizationIds = new Set<number>();
 
     try {
         while (!control.signal.aborted) {
             const operationalNowMs = Date.now();
+            const operationalElapsedMs = performance.now();
             const gameTime = await loadCurrentGameTime(postgres.prisma, new Date(operationalNowMs));
             const gameNowMs = gameTime.now.getTime();
             const dueScore = gameTime.tick ?? gameNowMs;
-            if (operationalNowMs >= nextResyncAt) {
+            if (gameTime.phase && gameTime.phase !== 'RUNNING') {
+                await waitForWorkerPoll(control.signal, config.auctionTimerPollMs);
+                continue;
+            }
+            const clockFence = gameTime.phase
+                ? await ensureActiveRedisClockFence(redis.client, config.profileName, gameTime)
+                : null;
+            if (gameTime.phase && !clockFence) {
+                await waitForWorkerPoll(control.signal, config.auctionTimerPollMs);
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (operationalElapsedMs >= nextResyncAt) {
                 await seedAuctionTimers(postgres.prisma, redis.client, keys);
-                nextResyncAt = operationalNowMs + config.auctionTimerResyncMs;
+                nextResyncAt = operationalElapsedMs + config.auctionTimerResyncMs;
             }
             if (pendingFinalizationIds.size > 0) {
                 const reconciliation = await reconcilePendingAuctionTimers({
@@ -345,7 +395,7 @@ export const runAuctionWorker = async (options: AuctionWorkerOptions = {}): Prom
             if (historyTrimBefore > 0) {
                 await redis.client.zRemRangeByScore(keys.historyKey, 0, historyTrimBefore);
             }
-            const dueIds = await popDueAuctionIds(redis.client, keys.timerKey, dueScore, 100);
+            const dueIds = await popDueAuctionIds(redis.client, keys.timerKey, dueScore, 100, clockFence ?? undefined);
             if (dueIds.length > 0) {
                 for (const id of dueIds) {
                     try {
@@ -358,6 +408,12 @@ export const runAuctionWorker = async (options: AuctionWorkerOptions = {}): Prom
                             nowMs: gameNowMs,
                             nowTick: gameTime.tick,
                             historyNowMs: operationalNowMs,
+                            ...(clockFence
+                                ? {
+                                      expectedClockRevision: clockFence.revision,
+                                      expectedDeadlineGeneration: clockFence.generation,
+                                  }
+                                : {}),
                         });
                         if (outcome === 'PENDING') {
                             pendingFinalizationIds.add(Number(id));
@@ -395,3 +451,4 @@ export const runAuctionWorker = async (options: AuctionWorkerOptions = {}): Prom
         await closeResources();
     }
 };
+import { performance } from 'node:perf_hooks';

app/game-api/src/context.ts

@@ -65,7 +65,15 @@ export type WorldStateMeta = z.infer<typeof zWorldStateMeta>;
 
 type PrismaWorldStateRow = GamePrisma.WorldStateGetPayload<Record<string, never>>;
 type PrismaGeneralRow = GamePrisma.GeneralGetPayload<Record<string, never>>;
-type WorldClockFields = 'clockBaseTime' | 'clockTick' | 'clockMode' | 'clockWallAnchor' | 'lastTurnTick';
+type WorldClockFields =
+    | 'clockBaseTime'
+    | 'clockTick'
+    | 'clockMode'
+    | 'clockWallAnchor'
+    | 'lastTurnTick'
+    | 'clockPhase'
+    | 'clockRevision'
+    | 'deadlineGeneration';
 type GeneralClockFields = 'turnTick' | 'recentWarTick';
 
 // Transitional API fixtures may still model the pre-clock row. Runtime Prisma

app/game-api/src/daemon/databaseTransport.ts

@@ -1,10 +1,15 @@
 import { randomUUID } from 'node:crypto';
+import { performance } from 'node:perf_hooks';
 
-import { acquireGameSchemaAdvisoryXactLock, type DatabaseClient, type GamePrisma } from '@sammo-ts/infra';
+import {
+    acquireGameSchemaAdvisoryXactLock,
+    readInputEventClockCoordinate,
+    type DatabaseClient,
+    type GamePrisma,
+} from '@sammo-ts/infra';
 
 import type { TurnDaemonTransport } from './transport.js';
 import type { TurnDaemonCommand, TurnDaemonCommandResult, TurnDaemonStatus } from './types.js';
-import { loadCurrentGameTime } from '../services/gameClock.js';
 
 const asJson = (value: unknown): GamePrisma.InputJsonValue => value as GamePrisma.InputJsonValue;
 
@@ -82,9 +87,12 @@ export class DatabaseTurnDaemonTransport implements TurnDaemonTransport {
     async sendCommand(command: TurnDaemonCommand): Promise<string> {
         const requestId = ('requestId' in command ? command.requestId : undefined) ?? randomUUID();
         const durableCommand = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify({ ...command, requestId })) as TurnDaemonCommand;
-        if (durableCommand.type === 'npcPossessGeneral') {
-            delete durableCommand.acceptedGameAt;
-        }
+        // Rolling-upgrade compatibility: older API versions supplied game
+        // coordinates. They are deliberately not persisted as command facts;
+        // the daemon assigns the authoritative processing coordinate while
+        // claiming the input event under the clock fence.
+        delete (durableCommand as unknown as Record<string, unknown>).acceptedGameAt;
+        delete (durableCommand as unknown as Record<string, unknown>).acceptedGameTick;
         if (command.type === 'npcPossessGeneral') {
             const existing = await this.db.inputEvent.findUnique({
                 where: { requestId },
@@ -103,15 +111,14 @@ export class DatabaseTurnDaemonTransport implements TurnDaemonTransport {
         try {
             if (command.type === 'npcPossessGeneral' && this.db.$transaction) {
                 const rejectionReason = await this.db.$transaction(async (transaction) => {
+                    const coordinate = await readInputEventClockCoordinate(transaction);
                     await acquireGameSchemaAdvisoryXactLock(transaction, 'npc-possession:global');
                     await acquireGameSchemaAdvisoryXactLock(transaction, `npc-possession:user:${command.userId}`);
-                    const acceptedAt = new Date(Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000) * 1000);
-                    const acceptedGameAt = (await loadCurrentGameTime(transaction, acceptedAt)).now;
                     const token = await transaction.npcSelectionToken.findFirst({
                         where: {
                             ownerUserId: command.userId,
                             nonce: command.tokenNonce,
-                            validUntil: { gte: acceptedGameAt },
+                            validUntilTick: { gte: coordinate.gameTick },
                         },
                         select: { pickResult: true },
                     });
@@ -126,18 +133,20 @@ export class DatabaseTurnDaemonTransport implements TurnDaemonTransport {
                     ) {
                         return '선택한 장수가 목록에 없습니다.';
                     }
-                    const acceptedCommand: Extract<TurnDaemonCommand, { type: 'npcPossessGeneral' }> = {
-                        ...(durableCommand as Extract<TurnDaemonCommand, { type: 'npcPossessGeneral' }>),
-                        acceptedGameAt: acceptedGameAt.toISOString(),
-                    };
-                    await this.createInputEvent(transaction, acceptedCommand, requestId, acceptedAt);
+                    await this.createInputEvent(transaction, durableCommand, requestId);
                     return null;
                 });
                 if (rejectionReason) {
                     throw new RejectedNpcPossessionCommandError('PRECONDITION_FAILED', rejectionReason);
                 }
             } else {
-                await this.createInputEvent(this.db, durableCommand, requestId);
+                if (this.db.$transaction) {
+                    await this.db.$transaction(async (transaction) => {
+                        await this.createInputEvent(transaction, durableCommand, requestId);
+                    });
+                } else {
+                    await this.createInputEvent(this.db, durableCommand, requestId);
+                }
             }
         } catch (error) {
             if (error instanceof RejectedNpcPossessionCommandError) {
@@ -165,8 +174,7 @@ export class DatabaseTurnDaemonTransport implements TurnDaemonTransport {
     private async createInputEvent(
         db: DatabaseClient,
         command: TurnDaemonCommand,
-        requestId: string,
-        createdAt?: Date
+        requestId: string
     ): Promise<void> {
         await db.inputEvent.create({
             data: {
@@ -175,7 +183,8 @@ export class DatabaseTurnDaemonTransport implements TurnDaemonTransport {
                 eventType: command.type,
                 payload: asJson(command),
                 actorUserId: 'userId' in command && typeof command.userId === 'string' ? command.userId : null,
-                ...(createdAt ? { createdAt } : {}),
+                // PostgreSQL owns created_at WALL_TIME. ENGINE assigns the
+                // authoritative game coordinate when the daemon claims it.
             },
         });
     }
@@ -192,8 +201,8 @@ export class DatabaseTurnDaemonTransport implements TurnDaemonTransport {
     }
 
     private async waitForResult<T>(requestId: string, timeoutMs?: number): Promise<T | null> {
-        const deadline = Date.now() + (timeoutMs ?? this.requestTimeoutMs);
-        while (Date.now() < deadline) {
+        const deadline = performance.now() + (timeoutMs ?? this.requestTimeoutMs);
+        while (performance.now() < deadline) {
             const event = await this.db.inputEvent.findUnique({
                 where: { requestId },
                 select: { status: true, result: true, error: true },
@@ -204,7 +213,7 @@ export class DatabaseTurnDaemonTransport implements TurnDaemonTransport {
             if (event?.status === 'FAILED') {
                 throw new FailedTurnDaemonCommandError(requestId, event.error);
             }
-            await delay(Math.min(50, Math.max(1, deadline - Date.now())));
+            await delay(Math.min(50, Math.max(1, deadline - performance.now())));
         }
         return null;
     }

app/game-api/src/inputEventBoundary.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,11 @@
 import { createHash } from 'node:crypto';
 
-import { GamePrisma, type DatabaseClient as InfraDatabaseClient } from '@sammo-ts/infra';
+import {
+    CLOCK_OPERATION_PERSISTENCE_LOCK,
+    GamePrisma,
+    acquireGameSchemaAdvisoryXactLock,
+    type DatabaseClient as InfraDatabaseClient,
+} from '@sammo-ts/infra';
 
 import type { DatabaseClient } from './context.js';
 
@@ -29,8 +34,6 @@ type SavepointDatabaseClient = InfraDatabaseClient & {
     $executeRawUnsafe(query: string): Promise<number>;
 };
 
-const asJson = (value: unknown): GamePrisma.InputJsonValue => value as GamePrisma.InputJsonValue;
-
 const canonicalJson = (value: unknown): string =>
     JSON.stringify(value, (_key, entry: unknown) => {
         if (typeof entry === 'bigint') {
@@ -85,6 +88,9 @@ const insertPendingIfAbsent = async (
                 actor_user_id,
                 status,
                 attempts,
+                accepted_game_tick,
+                accepted_clock_revision,
+                accepted_deadline_generation,
                 created_at
             )
             VALUES (
@@ -95,6 +101,9 @@ const insertPendingIfAbsent = async (
                 ${options.actorUserId},
                 'PENDING'::"InputEventStatus",
                 0,
+                NULL,
+                NULL,
+                NULL,
                 CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'
             )
             ON CONFLICT (request_id) DO NOTHING
@@ -153,20 +162,22 @@ const claimInputEvent = async (
     requestId: string,
     payloadIdentity: ApiInputPayloadIdentity
 ): Promise<void> => {
-    await db.inputEvent.update({
-        where: { requestId },
-        data: {
-            payload: asJson(payloadIdentity),
-            status: 'PROCESSING',
-            result: GamePrisma.DbNull,
-            error: null,
-            attempts: { increment: 1 },
-            lockedBy: null,
-            leaseUntil: null,
-            processingAt: new Date(),
-            completedAt: null,
-        },
-    });
+    await db.$executeRaw(GamePrisma.sql`
+        UPDATE input_event
+        SET payload = CAST(${JSON.stringify(payloadIdentity)} AS jsonb),
+            status = 'PROCESSING'::"InputEventStatus",
+            result = NULL,
+            error = NULL,
+            attempts = attempts + 1,
+            locked_by = NULL,
+            lease_until = NULL,
+            processing_at = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC',
+            processing_game_tick = NULL,
+            processing_clock_revision = NULL,
+            processing_deadline_generation = NULL,
+            completed_at = NULL
+        WHERE request_id = ${requestId}
+    `);
 };
 
 const markUnexpectedFailure = async (
@@ -177,6 +188,7 @@ const markUnexpectedFailure = async (
         actorUserId: string | null;
         payloadIdentity: ApiInputPayloadIdentity;
         error: unknown;
+        acquireClockFence: boolean;
     }
 ): Promise<void> => {
     if (!db.$transaction) return;
@@ -184,6 +196,9 @@ const markUnexpectedFailure = async (
 
     try {
         await db.$transaction(async (transaction) => {
+            if (options.acquireClockFence) {
+                await acquireGameSchemaAdvisoryXactLock(transaction, CLOCK_OPERATION_PERSISTENCE_LOCK);
+            }
             await insertPendingIfAbsent(transaction, options);
             const row = await lockInputEvent(transaction, options.requestId);
             const identityMatches = isMatchingIdentity(row, options) || canAdoptLegacyFailedPayload(row, options);
@@ -192,20 +207,19 @@ const markUnexpectedFailure = async (
                 // late failure recorder must never replace its durable success.
                 return;
             }
-            await transaction.inputEvent.update({
-                where: { requestId: options.requestId },
-                data: {
-                    payload: asJson(options.payloadIdentity),
-                    status: 'FAILED',
-                    result: GamePrisma.DbNull,
-                    error: message,
-                    attempts: { increment: 1 },
-                    lockedBy: null,
-                    leaseUntil: null,
-                    processingAt: new Date(),
-                    completedAt: new Date(),
-                },
-            });
+            await transaction.$executeRaw(GamePrisma.sql`
+                UPDATE input_event
+                SET payload = CAST(${JSON.stringify(options.payloadIdentity)} AS jsonb),
+                    status = 'FAILED'::"InputEventStatus",
+                    result = NULL,
+                    error = ${message},
+                    attempts = attempts + 1,
+                    locked_by = NULL,
+                    lease_until = NULL,
+                    processing_at = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC',
+                    completed_at = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'
+                WHERE request_id = ${options.requestId}
+            `);
         });
     } catch {
         // Preserve the transaction failure that the caller actually observed. If
@@ -220,10 +234,12 @@ export const executeInputEvent = async <T>(options: {
     eventType: string;
     payload: unknown;
     actorUserId?: string | null;
+    acquireClockFence?: boolean;
     execute(db: DatabaseClient): Promise<T>;
 }): Promise<T> => {
     const { db, requestId, eventType, payload, execute } = options;
     const actorUserId = options.actorUserId ?? null;
+    const acquireClockFence = options.acquireClockFence !== false;
     const payloadIdentity = createApiInputPayloadIdentity(payload);
     if (!db.$transaction) {
         return execute(db);
@@ -233,6 +249,9 @@ export const executeInputEvent = async <T>(options: {
     let outcome: InputEventOutcome<T>;
     try {
         outcome = await db.$transaction(async (transaction) => {
+            if (acquireClockFence) {
+                await acquireGameSchemaAdvisoryXactLock(transaction, CLOCK_OPERATION_PERSISTENCE_LOCK);
+            }
             await insertPendingIfAbsent(transaction, { requestId, eventType, actorUserId, payloadIdentity });
             const row = await lockInputEvent(transaction, requestId);
             const identityMatches = isMatchingIdentity(row, { eventType, actorUserId, payloadIdentity });
@@ -258,36 +277,41 @@ export const executeInputEvent = async <T>(options: {
             try {
                 const value = await execute(transaction);
                 const durableResult = canonicalJsonValue(value);
-                await transaction.inputEvent.update({
-                    where: { requestId },
-                    data: {
-                        status: 'SUCCEEDED',
-                        result: asJson(durableResult),
-                        error: null,
-                        completedAt: new Date(),
-                    },
-                });
+                await transaction.$executeRaw(GamePrisma.sql`
+                    UPDATE input_event
+                    SET status = 'SUCCEEDED'::"InputEventStatus",
+                        result = CAST(${JSON.stringify(durableResult)} AS jsonb),
+                        error = NULL,
+                        completed_at = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'
+                    WHERE request_id = ${requestId}
+                `);
                 await savepointDb.$executeRawUnsafe(`RELEASE SAVEPOINT ${BUSINESS_SAVEPOINT}`);
                 return { kind: 'executed', value };
             } catch (error) {
                 await savepointDb.$executeRawUnsafe(`ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT ${BUSINESS_SAVEPOINT}`);
                 await savepointDb.$executeRawUnsafe(`RELEASE SAVEPOINT ${BUSINESS_SAVEPOINT}`);
                 const message = error instanceof Error ? error.message : 'Unknown API input event error.';
-                await transaction.inputEvent.update({
-                    where: { requestId },
-                    data: {
-                        status: 'FAILED',
-                        result: GamePrisma.DbNull,
-                        error: message,
-                        completedAt: new Date(),
-                    },
-                });
+                await transaction.$executeRaw(GamePrisma.sql`
+                    UPDATE input_event
+                    SET status = 'FAILED'::"InputEventStatus",
+                        result = NULL,
+                        error = ${message},
+                        completed_at = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'
+                    WHERE request_id = ${requestId}
+                `);
                 return { kind: 'failed', error };
             }
         });
     } catch (error) {
         if (businessStarted && !(error instanceof DuplicateInputEventError)) {
-            await markUnexpectedFailure(db, { requestId, eventType, actorUserId, payloadIdentity, error });
+            await markUnexpectedFailure(db, {
+                requestId,
+                eventType,
+                actorUserId,
+                payloadIdentity,
+                error,
+                acquireClockFence,
+            });
         }
         throw error;
     }

app/game-api/src/messages/store.ts

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
-import { MAX_SAFE_GAME_TICK } from '@sammo-ts/common';
-import { enqueuePrivateMessageWebPush, GamePrisma } from '@sammo-ts/infra';
+import {
+    enqueuePrivateMessageWebPush,
+    GamePrisma,
+    persistMessageEnvelope,
+    type MessageGameContext,
+} from '@sammo-ts/infra';
 import type { MessagePayload, MessageRecordDraft, MessageType } from '@sammo-ts/logic';
 
 import type { DatabaseClient } from '../context.js';
-import { loadCurrentGameTime, type CurrentGameTime } from '../services/gameClock.js';
+import { loadCurrentGameTime } from '../services/gameClock.js';
 
 export interface MessageView {
     id: number;
@@ -22,7 +26,9 @@ interface MessageRow {
     src: number;
     dest: number;
     time: Date;
-    valid_until: Date;
+    created_at_wall: Date;
+    action_status: string | null;
+    expires_game_tick: bigint | null;
     message: unknown;
 }
 
@@ -48,70 +54,66 @@ const formatMessageTime = (value: Date): string => {
     )} ${pad(value.getHours())}:${pad(value.getMinutes())}:${pad(value.getSeconds())}`;
 };
 
-const messageValidityPredicate = (gameTime: CurrentGameTime) => {
-    if (gameTime.tick === null) {
-        // A legacy or partially migrated profile has no authoritative logical
-        // tick. Rows that already carry a tick still need the wall-time
-        // fallback used by the clock migration.
-        return GamePrisma.sql`valid_until > ${gameTime.now}`;
-    }
-    return GamePrisma.sql`(
-        (valid_until_tick IS NOT NULL AND valid_until_tick > ${BigInt(gameTime.tick)})
-        OR (valid_until_tick IS NULL AND valid_until > ${gameTime.now})
-    )`;
-};
-
-const toMessageView = (row: MessageRow): MessageView => {
+const toMessageView = (row: MessageRow, currentGameTick: bigint | null): MessageView => {
     const payload = parsePayload(row.message);
+    const actionStatus = typeof row.action_status === 'string' ? row.action_status : null;
+    const actionUnavailable =
+        actionStatus !== null &&
+        (actionStatus !== 'PENDING' ||
+            (row.expires_game_tick !== null && currentGameTick !== null && row.expires_game_tick <= currentGameTick));
     return {
         id: row.id,
         msgType: row.type,
         src: payload.src,
         dest: row.type === 'public' ? null : payload.dest,
         text: payload.text,
-        option: payload.option ?? null,
-        time: formatMessageTime(new Date(row.time)),
+        option:
+            actionUnavailable && payload.option && typeof payload.option === 'object'
+                ? { ...payload.option, used: true, invalid: true }
+                : (payload.option ?? null),
+        time: formatMessageTime(new Date(row.created_at_wall ?? row.time)),
     };
 };
 
 export const insertMessage = async (db: DatabaseClient, draft: MessageRecordDraft): Promise<number> => {
-    const gameTime = await loadCurrentGameTime(db);
-    const toTickOrNull = (date: Date): bigint | null => {
-        // Ref represents its unlimited 9999-12-31 message lifetime with the
-        // largest safe game tick instead of falling back to a wall-clock-only row.
-        if (date.getUTCFullYear() >= 9000) {
-            return BigInt(MAX_SAFE_GAME_TICK);
+    const action = draft.payload.option && Reflect.get(draft.payload.option, 'action');
+    let gameContext: MessageGameContext | null = null;
+    if (typeof action === 'string' && action !== '') {
+        const gameTime = await loadCurrentGameTime(db);
+        if (
+            gameTime.tick === null ||
+            gameTime.revision === null ||
+            gameTime.revision === undefined ||
+            gameTime.deadlineGeneration === null ||
+            gameTime.deadlineGeneration === undefined
+        ) {
+            throw new Error(`Actionable message ${action} requires an initialized game clock.`);
         }
-        try {
-            const tick = gameTime.dateToTick(date);
-            return tick === null ? null : BigInt(tick);
-        } catch {
-            return null;
+        let expiresGameTick: bigint | null = null;
+        if (draft.validUntil.getUTCFullYear() < 9000) {
+            const expires = gameTime.dateToTick(draft.validUntil);
+            if (expires === null) throw new Error(`Actionable message ${action} requires a GAME_TIME deadline.`);
+            expiresGameTick = BigInt(expires);
         }
-    };
-    const rows = await db.$queryRaw<Array<{ id: number }>>`
-        INSERT INTO message (mailbox, type, src, dest, time, time_tick, valid_until, valid_until_tick, message)
-        VALUES (
-            ${draft.mailbox},
-            ${draft.msgType},
-            ${draft.srcId},
-            ${draft.destId},
-            ${draft.time},
-            ${toTickOrNull(draft.time)},
-            ${draft.validUntil},
-            ${toTickOrNull(draft.validUntil)},
-            CAST(${JSON.stringify(draft.payload)} AS jsonb)
-        )
-        RETURNING id
-    `;
-    const id = rows[0]?.id;
-    if (!id) {
-        throw new Error('Failed to insert message row.');
+        gameContext = {
+            occurredGameTick: BigInt(gameTime.tick),
+            clockRevision: BigInt(gameTime.revision),
+            deadlineGeneration: BigInt(gameTime.deadlineGeneration),
+            expiresGameTick,
+        };
     }
+    const id = await persistMessageEnvelope(db, draft, gameContext);
     await enqueuePrivateMessageWebPush(db, draft, id);
     return id;
 };
 
+const loadMessageViews = async (db: DatabaseClient, rows: MessageRow[]): Promise<MessageView[]> => {
+    if (!rows.some((row) => typeof row.action_status === 'string')) return rows.map((row) => toMessageView(row, null));
+    const gameTime = await loadCurrentGameTime(db);
+    const currentGameTick = gameTime.tick === null ? null : BigInt(gameTime.tick);
+    return rows.map((row) => toMessageView(row, currentGameTick));
+};
+
 export const fetchMessagesFromMailbox = async (params: {
     db: DatabaseClient;
     mailbox: number;
@@ -120,19 +122,20 @@ export const fetchMessagesFromMailbox = async (params: {
     fromSeq: number;
 }): Promise<MessageView[]> => {
     const fromSeq = Math.max(params.fromSeq, 0);
-    const gameTime = await loadCurrentGameTime(params.db);
     const rows = await params.db.$queryRaw<MessageRow[]>`
-        SELECT id, mailbox, type, src, dest, time, valid_until, message
-        FROM message
-        WHERE mailbox = ${params.mailbox}
-            AND type = ${params.msgType}
-            AND ${messageValidityPredicate(gameTime)}
-            AND id >= ${fromSeq}
-        ORDER BY id DESC
+        SELECT m.id, m.mailbox, m.type, m.src, m.dest, m.time,
+               m.created_at_wall, m.message,
+               ma.status AS action_status, ma.expires_game_tick
+        FROM message m
+        LEFT JOIN message_action ma ON ma.message_id = m.id
+        WHERE m.mailbox = ${params.mailbox}
+            AND m.type = ${params.msgType}
+            AND m.id >= ${fromSeq}
+        ORDER BY m.id DESC
         LIMIT ${params.limit}
     `;
 
-    return rows.map(toMessageView);
+    return loadMessageViews(params.db, rows);
 };
 
 export const fetchOldMessagesFromMailbox = async (params: {
@@ -142,28 +145,30 @@ export const fetchOldMessagesFromMailbox = async (params: {
     toSeq: number;
     limit: number;
 }): Promise<MessageView[]> => {
-    const gameTime = await loadCurrentGameTime(params.db);
     const rows = await params.db.$queryRaw<MessageRow[]>`
-        SELECT id, mailbox, type, src, dest, time, valid_until, message
-        FROM message
-        WHERE mailbox = ${params.mailbox}
-            AND type = ${params.msgType}
-            AND ${messageValidityPredicate(gameTime)}
-            AND id < ${params.toSeq}
-        ORDER BY id DESC
+        SELECT m.id, m.mailbox, m.type, m.src, m.dest, m.time,
+               m.created_at_wall, m.message,
+               ma.status AS action_status, ma.expires_game_tick
+        FROM message m
+        LEFT JOIN message_action ma ON ma.message_id = m.id
+        WHERE m.mailbox = ${params.mailbox}
+            AND m.type = ${params.msgType}
+            AND m.id < ${params.toSeq}
+        ORDER BY m.id DESC
         LIMIT ${params.limit}
     `;
 
-    return rows.map(toMessageView);
+    return loadMessageViews(params.db, rows);
 };
 
 export const fetchMessageById = async (db: DatabaseClient, id: number): Promise<StoredMessage | null> => {
-    const gameTime = await loadCurrentGameTime(db);
     const rows = await db.$queryRaw<MessageRow[]>`
-        SELECT id, mailbox, type, src, dest, time, valid_until, message
-        FROM message
-        WHERE id = ${id}
-          AND ${messageValidityPredicate(gameTime)}
+        SELECT m.id, m.mailbox, m.type, m.src, m.dest, m.time,
+               m.created_at_wall, m.message,
+               ma.status AS action_status, ma.expires_game_tick
+        FROM message m
+        LEFT JOIN message_action ma ON ma.message_id = m.id
+        WHERE m.id = ${id}
         LIMIT 1
     `;
     const row = rows[0];
@@ -172,20 +177,29 @@ export const fetchMessageById = async (db: DatabaseClient, id: number): Promise<
         id: row.id,
         mailbox: row.mailbox,
         msgType: row.type,
-        time: new Date(row.time),
+        time: new Date(row.created_at_wall ?? row.time),
         payload: parsePayload(row.message),
     };
 };
 
 export const fetchMessageByIdForUpdate = async (db: DatabaseClient, id: number): Promise<StoredMessage | null> => {
     const gameTime = await loadCurrentGameTime(db);
+    if (gameTime.tick === null) throw new Error('Actionable message response requires an initialized game clock.');
     const rows = await db.$queryRaw<MessageRow[]>`
-        SELECT id, mailbox, type, src, dest, time, valid_until, message
-        FROM message
-        WHERE id = ${id}
-          AND ${messageValidityPredicate(gameTime)}
+        SELECT m.id, m.mailbox, m.type, m.src, m.dest, m.time,
+               m.created_at_wall, m.message,
+               ma.status AS action_status, ma.expires_game_tick
+        FROM message m
+        JOIN message_action ma ON ma.message_id = m.id
+        JOIN world_state world ON TRUE
+        WHERE m.id = ${id}
+          AND ma.status = 'PENDING'
+          AND (ma.expires_game_tick IS NULL OR ma.expires_game_tick > ${BigInt(gameTime.tick)})
+          AND world.clock_phase IN ('RUNNING', 'MANUAL')
+          AND ma.clock_revision = world.clock_revision
+          AND ma.deadline_generation = world.deadline_generation
         LIMIT 1
-        FOR UPDATE
+        FOR UPDATE OF m, ma, world
     `;
     const row = rows[0];
     if (!row) return null;
@@ -193,7 +207,7 @@ export const fetchMessageByIdForUpdate = async (db: DatabaseClient, id: number):
         id: row.id,
         mailbox: row.mailbox,
         msgType: row.type,
-        time: new Date(row.time),
+        time: new Date(row.created_at_wall ?? row.time),
         payload: parsePayload(row.message),
     };
 };
@@ -202,16 +216,16 @@ export const invalidateMessages = async (db: DatabaseClient, ids: number[]): Pro
     const uniqueIds = Array.from(new Set(ids.filter((id) => Number.isInteger(id) && id > 0)));
     if (uniqueIds.length === 0) return;
     const gameTime = await loadCurrentGameTime(db);
+    if (gameTime.tick === null) throw new Error('Actionable message invalidation requires an initialized game clock.');
+    await db.messageAction.updateMany({
+        where: { messageId: { in: uniqueIds }, status: 'PENDING' },
+        data: { status: 'RESOLVED', resolvedGameTick: BigInt(gameTime.tick) },
+    });
     await db.message.updateMany({
         where: { id: { in: uniqueIds } },
         data: {
             validUntil: gameTime.now,
-            // A partially migrated profile can still carry a legacy logical
-            // sentinel even while no authoritative clock exists. Replace it
-            // with an already-expired logical tick when expiring by wall time;
-            // NULL would fall back to the wall timestamp after clock recovery
-            // and could make the handled message visible again.
-            validUntilTick: gameTime.tick === null ? 0n : BigInt(gameTime.tick),
+            validUntilTick: BigInt(gameTime.tick),
         },
     });
 };
@@ -233,8 +247,48 @@ export const tombstoneMessages = async (db: DatabaseClient, ids: number[]): Prom
                     END
                 ) || jsonb_build_object('invalid', true),
                 true
-            )
+            ),
+                tombstoned_at_wall = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'
             WHERE id IN (${GamePrisma.join(uniqueIds)})
         `
     );
 };
+
+export const tombstoneMessagesWithinDeleteWindow = async (
+    db: DatabaseClient,
+    authorityMessageId: number,
+    ids: number[]
+): Promise<number[]> => {
+    const uniqueIds = Array.from(new Set(ids.filter((id) => Number.isInteger(id) && id > 0)));
+    if (uniqueIds.length === 0) return [];
+    const rows = await db.$queryRaw<Array<{ id: number }>>(GamePrisma.sql`
+        WITH wall AS (
+            SELECT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' AS now_wall
+        ), authority AS (
+            SELECT m.id
+            FROM message m, wall
+            WHERE m.id = ${authorityMessageId}
+              AND m.tombstoned_at_wall IS NULL
+              AND m.delete_until_wall >= wall.now_wall
+            FOR UPDATE
+        )
+        UPDATE message m
+        SET message = jsonb_set(
+                jsonb_set(m.message, '{text}', to_jsonb(${'삭제된 메시지입니다.'}::text), true),
+                '{option}',
+                (
+                    CASE
+                        WHEN jsonb_typeof(m.message->'option') = 'object' THEN m.message->'option'
+                        ELSE '{}'::jsonb
+                    END
+                ) || jsonb_build_object('invalid', true),
+                true
+            ),
+            tombstoned_at_wall = wall.now_wall
+        FROM wall
+        WHERE m.id IN (${GamePrisma.join(uniqueIds)})
+          AND EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM authority)
+        RETURNING m.id
+    `);
+    return rows.map(({ id }) => id).sort((left, right) => left - right);
+};

app/game-api/src/router/auction/index.ts

@@ -60,10 +60,7 @@ export interface AuctionDetail {
 export const hasAuctionClosePassed = (
     auction: { closeAt: Date; closeTick: bigint | null },
     time: { now: Date; tick: number | null }
-): boolean =>
-    auction.closeTick !== null && time.tick !== null
-        ? auction.closeTick < BigInt(time.tick)
-        : auction.closeAt.getTime() < time.now.getTime();
+): boolean => auction.closeTick === null || time.tick === null || auction.closeTick < BigInt(time.tick);
 
 interface AuctionBidRow {
     id: number;
@@ -433,7 +430,6 @@ export const auctionRouter = router({
             auctionId: auction.id,
             generalId: general.id,
             amount: input.amount,
-            ...(gameTime.tick === null ? {} : { acceptedGameTick: gameTime.tick }),
             tryExtendCloseDate: true,
         });
         throwIfCommandRejected(result);
@@ -448,7 +444,7 @@ export const auctionRouter = router({
         const timerKeys = buildAuctionTimerKeys(ctx.profile.name);
         const nextCloseAt = new Date(result.closeAt);
         await ctx.redis.zAdd(timerKeys.timerKey, [
-            { score: resolveAuctionTimerScore(gameTime, nextCloseAt), value: String(auction.id) },
+            { score: resolveAuctionTimerScore(gameTime, nextCloseAt, BigInt(result.closeTick)), value: String(auction.id) },
         ]);
 
         return { ok: true };
@@ -511,7 +507,6 @@ export const auctionRouter = router({
             auctionId: auction.id,
             generalId: general.id,
             amount: input.amount,
-            ...(gameTime.tick === null ? {} : { acceptedGameTick: gameTime.tick }),
             tryExtendCloseDate: true,
         });
         throwIfCommandRejected(result);
@@ -526,7 +521,7 @@ export const auctionRouter = router({
         const timerKeys = buildAuctionTimerKeys(ctx.profile.name);
         const nextCloseAt = new Date(result.closeAt);
         await ctx.redis.zAdd(timerKeys.timerKey, [
-            { score: resolveAuctionTimerScore(gameTime, nextCloseAt), value: String(auction.id) },
+            { score: resolveAuctionTimerScore(gameTime, nextCloseAt, BigInt(result.closeTick)), value: String(auction.id) },
         ]);
 
         return { ok: true };
@@ -650,7 +645,6 @@ export const auctionRouter = router({
             auctionId: auction.id,
             generalId: general.id,
             amount: input.amount,
-            ...(gameTime.tick === null ? {} : { acceptedGameTick: gameTime.tick }),
             tryExtendCloseDate: input.tryExtendCloseDate ?? false,
         });
         throwIfCommandRejected(result);
@@ -665,7 +659,7 @@ export const auctionRouter = router({
         const timerKeys = buildAuctionTimerKeys(ctx.profile.name);
         const nextCloseAt = new Date(result.closeAt);
         await ctx.redis.zAdd(timerKeys.timerKey, [
-            { score: resolveAuctionTimerScore(gameTime, nextCloseAt), value: String(auction.id) },
+            { score: resolveAuctionTimerScore(gameTime, nextCloseAt, BigInt(result.closeTick)), value: String(auction.id) },
         ]);
 
         return { ok: true };

app/game-api/src/router/betting/index.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { TRPCError } from '@trpc/server';
-import { GamePrisma } from '@sammo-ts/infra';
+import { CLOCK_OPERATION_PERSISTENCE_LOCK, GamePrisma, acquireGameSchemaAdvisoryXactLock } from '@sammo-ts/infra';
 import { z } from 'zod';
 
 import { accessAuthedInputProcedure, authedProcedure, router } from '../../trpc.js';
@@ -29,9 +29,43 @@ const loadWorldDate = async (db: Parameters<typeof getMyGeneral>[0]['db']) => {
     return world;
 };
 
+interface BettingClockFenceRow {
+    currentYear: number;
+    currentMonth: number;
+    clockPhase: string;
+    clockRevision: bigint;
+    deadlineGeneration: bigint;
+}
+
+const lockBettingClockFence = async (db: Parameters<typeof getMyGeneral>[0]['db']): Promise<BettingClockFenceRow> => {
+    await acquireGameSchemaAdvisoryXactLock(db, CLOCK_OPERATION_PERSISTENCE_LOCK);
+    const rows = await db.$queryRaw<BettingClockFenceRow[]>(GamePrisma.sql`
+        SELECT current_year AS "currentYear",
+               current_month AS "currentMonth",
+               clock_phase AS "clockPhase",
+               clock_revision AS "clockRevision",
+               deadline_generation AS "deadlineGeneration"
+        FROM world_state
+        ORDER BY id ASC
+        LIMIT 1
+        FOR UPDATE
+    `);
+    const world = rows[0];
+    if (!world) {
+        throw new TRPCError({ code: 'PRECONDITION_FAILED', message: 'World state not found.' });
+    }
+    if (!['RUNNING', 'MANUAL', 'SUSPENDED'].includes(world.clockPhase)) {
+        throw new TRPCError({
+            code: 'PRECONDITION_FAILED',
+            message: `Nation betting is disabled while the game clock phase is ${world.clockPhase}.`,
+        });
+    }
+    return world;
+};
+
 export const bettingRouter = router({
-    getList: accessAuthedInputProcedure(z.object({ req: z.literal('bettingNation').optional() }).optional())
-        .query(async ({ ctx, input }) => {
+    getList: accessAuthedInputProcedure(z.object({ req: z.literal('bettingNation').optional() }).optional()).query(
+        async ({ ctx, input }) => {
             requireUserId(ctx.auth);
             await getMyGeneral(ctx);
             const [world, rows] = await Promise.all([
@@ -66,7 +100,8 @@ export const bettingRouter = router({
                 year: world.currentYear,
                 month: world.currentMonth,
             };
-        }),
+        }
+    ),
 
     getDetail: authedProcedure
         .input(z.object({ bettingId: z.number().int().positive() }))
@@ -141,7 +176,7 @@ export const bettingRouter = router({
             if (betting.finished) {
                 throw new TRPCError({ code: 'BAD_REQUEST', message: '이미 종료된 베팅입니다' });
             }
-            const world = await loadWorldDate(ctx.db);
+            const world = await lockBettingClockFence(ctx.db);
             const yearMonth = joinYearMonth(world.currentYear, world.currentMonth);
             if (betting.closeYearMonth <= yearMonth) {
                 throw new TRPCError({ code: 'BAD_REQUEST', message: '이미 마감된 베팅입니다' });

app/game-api/src/router/diplomacy/index.ts

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ import {
 import type { GameApiContext, GeneralRow, NationRow } from '../../context.js';
 import { insertMessage } from '../../messages/store.js';
 import { purifyDiplomacyHtml } from '../../security/diplomacyHtml.js';
-import { loadCurrentGameTime } from '../../services/gameClock.js';
+import { readDatabaseWallTime } from '../../services/wallClock.js';
 import { accessAuthedInputProcedure, accessAuthedProcedure, router } from '../../trpc.js';
 import { getMyGeneral } from '../shared/general.js';
 import { assertNationAccess, resolveNationPermission } from '../nation/shared.js';
@@ -306,8 +306,6 @@ export const diplomacyRouter = router({
                     nationColor: destNation.color,
                 },
             };
-            const letterDate = (await loadCurrentGameTime(ctx.db)).now;
-
             const created = await ctx.db.diplomacyLetter.create({
                 data: {
                     srcNationId: srcNation.id,
@@ -316,7 +314,6 @@ export const diplomacyRouter = router({
                     state: 'PROPOSED',
                     textBrief: purifyDiplomacyHtml(input.brief),
                     textDetail: purifyDiplomacyHtml(input.detail),
-                    date: letterDate,
                     srcSignerId: me.id,
                     aux: aux as GamePrisma.InputJsonValue,
                 },
@@ -332,7 +329,7 @@ export const diplomacyRouter = router({
                 src: srcTarget,
                 dest: destTarget,
                 text,
-                time: letterDate,
+                time: created.date,
             });
 
             return { id: created.id };
@@ -371,7 +368,7 @@ export const diplomacyRouter = router({
             );
             const messageSrc = buildActorTarget(me, destNation);
             const messageDest = buildNationTarget(srcNation);
-            const messageTime = (await loadCurrentGameTime(ctx.db)).now;
+            const messageTime = await readDatabaseWallTime(ctx.db);
             const aux = asRecord(letter.aux);
             let messageText: string;
             if (input.agree) {
@@ -458,7 +455,7 @@ export const diplomacyRouter = router({
             );
             const messageSrc = buildActorTarget(me, srcNation);
             const messageDest = buildNationTarget(destNation);
-            const messageTime = (await loadCurrentGameTime(ctx.db)).now;
+            const messageTime = await readDatabaseWallTime(ctx.db);
             const aux = asRecord(letter.aux);
             aux.reason = {
                 who: me.id,
@@ -519,7 +516,7 @@ export const diplomacyRouter = router({
             const otherNation = letter.srcNationId === me.nationId ? destNation : srcNation;
             const messageSrc = buildActorTarget(me, actorNation);
             const messageDest = buildNationTarget(otherNation);
-            const messageTime = (await loadCurrentGameTime(ctx.db)).now;
+            const messageTime = await readDatabaseWallTime(ctx.db);
             let resultState: 'ACTIVATED' | 'CANCELLED';
             let messageText: string;
 

app/game-api/src/router/general/index.ts

@@ -76,12 +76,11 @@ const isFrontStatusPollActive = (poll: FrontStatusPoll, gameTime: CurrentGameTim
     return started && !ended;
 };
 
-const zGeneralSettings = z.object({
+const zGeneralSettings = z.strictObject({
     tnmt: z.number().int().optional(),
     defence_train: z.number().int().optional(),
     use_treatment: z.number().int().optional(),
     use_auto_nation_turn: z.number().int().optional(),
-    use_auto_nation_diplomacy: z.number().int().min(0).max(1).optional(),
     use_auto_nation_war: z.number().int().min(0).max(1).optional(),
     use_auto_nation_promotion: z.number().int().min(0).max(1).optional(),
     use_auto_nation_finance: z.number().int().min(0).max(1).optional(),
@@ -244,7 +243,6 @@ const resolveUserSettings = (meta: Record<string, unknown>) => {
         use_auto_nation_turn: readNumber(readSetting('use_auto_nation_turn'), 1),
         // Ref가 NPC 군주에게만 수행하던 국가 운영은 사용자 군주에게 opt-in이다.
         // 누락된 값은 신규 게임과 기존 장수 모두 안전한 기본값(사용 안함)으로 해석한다.
-        use_auto_nation_diplomacy: readNumber(readSetting('use_auto_nation_diplomacy'), 0),
         use_auto_nation_war: readNumber(readSetting('use_auto_nation_war'), 0),
         use_auto_nation_promotion: readNumber(readSetting('use_auto_nation_promotion'), 0),
         use_auto_nation_finance: readNumber(readSetting('use_auto_nation_finance'), 0),
@@ -335,6 +333,7 @@ export const getGeneralContext = async (ctx: GameApiContext) => {
         troopLeaderFirstTurn,
         accessLog,
         rankRows,
+        gameTime,
     ] = await Promise.all([
         general.cityId > 0
             ? ctx.db.city.findUnique({
@@ -415,6 +414,7 @@ export const getGeneralContext = async (ctx: GameApiContext) => {
             where: { generalId: general.id, type: { in: [...PERSONAL_RECORD_TYPES] } },
             select: { type: true, value: true },
         }),
+        loadCurrentGameTime(ctx.db),
     ]);
     const nation = queriedNation ?? NEUTRAL_NATION_CONTEXT;
 
@@ -590,8 +590,7 @@ export const getGeneralContext = async (ctx: GameApiContext) => {
             killTurn: readNumber(metaRecord.killturn ?? metaRecord.killTurn, 0),
             remainingMinutes: resolveRemainingMinutes(
                 general.turnTime,
-                parsedLastExecuted,
-                worldState?.tickSeconds ?? 0
+                gameTime.now
             ),
             crewTypeId: general.crewTypeId,
             crewTypeName: crewTypeDetails.get(general.crewTypeId)?.name ?? '-',
@@ -1023,10 +1022,10 @@ export const generalRouter = router({
             loadCurrentGameTime(ctx.db, now),
         ]);
         // vote_poll timestamps are logical game-wall values. During PREOPEN the
-        // logical clock is held at the future open anchor, so comparing them with
-        // JavaScript wall time inside a timestamp-without-time-zone predicate can
-        // hide an otherwise active poll. Resolve the same tick-first clock contract
-        // used by voting instead; hasVoted only affects the notice, not activity.
+        // logical clock advances through negative ticks before the opening anchor,
+        // so comparing them with JavaScript wall time inside a timestamp-without-time-zone
+        // predicate can hide an otherwise active poll. Resolve the same tick-first
+        // clock contract used by voting; hasVoted only affects the notice, not activity.
         const latestVote = openPolls.find((poll) => isFrontStatusPollActive(poll, gameTime)) ?? null;
 
         const onlineGeneralIds = onlineAccess.map((entry) => entry.generalId);

app/game-api/src/router/inherit/index.ts

@@ -38,6 +38,8 @@ const BUFF_KEYS: InheritBuffType[] = [
 const UNIQUE_ITEM_SLOT_ORDER: readonly ItemSlot[] = ['horse', 'weapon', 'book', 'item'];
 
 const POSTGRES_INTEGER_MAX = 2_147_483_647;
+const MIN_INHERIT_BUFF_LEVEL = 1;
+const MAX_INHERIT_BUFF_LEVEL = 5;
 
 const parseBuffRecord = (raw: unknown): Record<string, number> => {
     if (typeof raw === 'string') {
@@ -302,7 +304,7 @@ export const inheritRouter = router({
         .input(
             z.object({
                 type: z.enum(BUFF_KEYS),
-                level: z.number().int().min(1).max(5),
+                level: z.number().int(),
             })
         )
         .mutation(async ({ ctx, input }) => {
@@ -310,6 +312,12 @@ export const inheritRouter = router({
             if (!userId) {
                 throw new TRPCError({ code: 'UNAUTHORIZED' });
             }
+            if (input.level < MIN_INHERIT_BUFF_LEVEL || input.level > MAX_INHERIT_BUFF_LEVEL) {
+                throw new TRPCError({
+                    code: 'BAD_REQUEST',
+                    message: '유산 강화는 1단계부터 5단계까지만 구입할 수 있습니다.',
+                });
+            }
 
             const result = await requestInheritanceAction(ctx, userId, {
                 action: 'buyHiddenBuff',

app/game-api/src/router/join/index.ts

@@ -4,6 +4,11 @@ import { z } from 'zod';
 import type { GameApiContext, WorldStateRow } from '../../context.js';
 import { authedProcedure, engineAuthedProcedure, router } from '../../trpc.js';
 import { asNumber, asRecord, asStringArray } from '@sammo-ts/common';
+import {
+    CLOCK_OPERATION_PERSISTENCE_LOCK,
+    GamePrisma,
+    acquireGameSchemaAdvisoryXactLock,
+} from '@sammo-ts/infra';
 import {
     isWarTraitKey,
     JOIN_PERSONALITY_TRAIT_KEYS,
@@ -302,6 +307,7 @@ export const joinRouter = router({
         }
 
         const config = asRecord(worldState.config);
+        const blockGeneralCreate = Math.floor(asNumber(config.blockGeneralCreate, 0));
         const configConst = asRecord(config.const);
         const availableSpecialWar = asStringArray(configConst.availableSpecialWar);
         const warKeys = availableSpecialWar.length > 0 ? availableSpecialWar : [...WAR_TRAIT_KEYS];
@@ -348,7 +354,8 @@ export const joinRouter = router({
         return {
             rules: {
                 stat: resolveJoinStat(worldState),
-                allowCustomName: (Math.floor(asNumber(config.blockGeneralCreate, 0)) & 2) === 0,
+                allowDirectCreation: (blockGeneralCreate & 1) === 0,
+                allowCustomName: (blockGeneralCreate & 2) === 0,
             },
             user: {
                 id: ctx.auth?.user.id ?? '',
@@ -391,15 +398,12 @@ export const joinRouter = router({
         if (!userId) {
             throw new TRPCError({ code: 'UNAUTHORIZED' });
         }
-        const gameTime = await loadCurrentGameTime(ctx.db);
         const commandRequestId = resolveSelectionReservationRequestId(ctx.requestId, userId);
         const result = await ctx.turnDaemon.requestCommand({
             type: 'selectPoolReserve',
             ...(commandRequestId ? { requestId: commandRequestId } : {}),
             userId,
             seedOwnerIdentity: ctx.auth?.user.legacyMemberNo ?? userId,
-            acceptedGameAt: gameTime.now.toISOString(),
-            ...(gameTime.tick === null ? {} : { acceptedGameTick: gameTime.tick }),
         });
         return resolveSelectionReservationCommandResult(result);
     }),
@@ -429,7 +433,6 @@ export const joinRouter = router({
                 });
             }
             const commandRequestId = resolveSelectionRequestId(ctx.requestId, userId, input.clientRequestId, 'create');
-            const gameTime = await loadCurrentGameTime(ctx.db);
             const result = await ctx.turnDaemon.requestCommand({
                 type: 'selectPoolCreate',
                 ...(commandRequestId ? { requestId: commandRequestId } : {}),
@@ -438,8 +441,6 @@ export const joinRouter = router({
                 uniqueName: input.uniqueName,
                 personality: input.personality,
                 seedOwnerIdentity: auth.user.legacyMemberNo ?? userId,
-                acceptedGameAt: gameTime.now.toISOString(),
-                ...(gameTime.tick === null ? {} : { acceptedGameTick: gameTime.tick }),
                 ...(selectedIcon
                     ? {
                           ownerPicture: selectedIcon.picture,
@@ -469,15 +470,12 @@ export const joinRouter = router({
                 input.clientRequestId,
                 'reselect'
             );
-            const gameTime = await loadCurrentGameTime(ctx.db);
             const result = await ctx.turnDaemon.requestCommand({
                 type: 'selectPoolReselect',
                 ...(commandRequestId ? { requestId: commandRequestId } : {}),
                 userId,
                 ownerDisplayName: auth.user.displayName,
                 uniqueName: input.uniqueName,
-                acceptedGameAt: gameTime.now.toISOString(),
-                ...(gameTime.tick === null ? {} : { acceptedGameTick: gameTime.tick }),
             });
             return resolveSelectionCommandResult(result, 'selectPoolReselect');
         }),
@@ -581,30 +579,46 @@ export const joinRouter = router({
                     message: '이 서버에서는 카카오 인증을 완료해야 장수를 생성할 수 있습니다.',
                 });
             }
-            const worldState = await ctx.db.worldState.findFirst();
-            if (!worldState) {
-                throw new TRPCError({
-                    code: 'PRECONDITION_FAILED',
-                    message: 'World state is not initialized.',
-                });
-            }
             try {
-                const gameTime = await loadCurrentGameTime(ctx.db);
-                if (gameTime.tick === null) {
-                    throw new TRPCError({
-                        code: 'PRECONDITION_FAILED',
-                        message: 'Game clock is not initialized.',
+                return await ctx.db.$transaction!(async (transaction) => {
+                    await acquireGameSchemaAdvisoryXactLock(transaction, CLOCK_OPERATION_PERSISTENCE_LOCK);
+                    const clockRows = await transaction.$queryRaw<Array<{ clockPhase: string }>>(GamePrisma.sql`
+                        SELECT clock_phase AS "clockPhase"
+                        FROM world_state
+                        ORDER BY id ASC
+                        LIMIT 1
+                        FOR UPDATE
+                    `);
+                    if (!clockRows[0]) {
+                        throw new TRPCError({
+                            code: 'PRECONDITION_FAILED',
+                            message: 'World state is not initialized.',
+                        });
+                    }
+                    if (!['PREOPEN', 'RUNNING', 'MANUAL'].includes(clockRows[0].clockPhase)) {
+                        throw new TRPCError({
+                            code: 'PRECONDITION_FAILED',
+                            message: '게임 시계가 중단된 동안은 NPC 빙의 후보를 갱신할 수 없습니다.',
+                        });
+                    }
+                    const worldState = await transaction.worldState.findFirst();
+                    const gameTime = await loadCurrentGameTime(transaction);
+                    if (!worldState || gameTime.tick === null) {
+                        throw new TRPCError({
+                            code: 'PRECONDITION_FAILED',
+                            message: 'Game clock is not initialized.',
+                        });
+                    }
+                    return reserveNpcPossessionCandidates({
+                        db: transaction,
+                        worldState,
+                        userId: auth.user.id,
+                        ownerIdentity: auth.user.legacyMemberNo ?? auth.user.id,
+                        refresh: input.refresh,
+                        keepIds: input.keepIds,
+                        now: gameTime.now,
+                        createdGameTick: gameTime.tick,
                     });
-                }
-                return await reserveNpcPossessionCandidates({
-                    db: ctx.db,
-                    worldState,
-                    userId: auth.user.id,
-                    ownerIdentity: auth.user.legacyMemberNo ?? auth.user.id,
-                    refresh: input.refresh,
-                    keepIds: input.keepIds,
-                    now: gameTime.now,
-                    acceptedGameTick: gameTime.tick,
                 });
             } catch (error) {
                 if (error instanceof NpcPossessionError) {

app/game-api/src/router/lobby/index.ts

@@ -87,6 +87,7 @@ export const lobbyRouter = router({
                     : null,
             isUnited: worldState.meta.isunited ?? worldState.meta.isUnited ?? 0,
             selectionPoolEnabled: isSelectionPoolWorld(rawWorldState),
+            directGeneralCreationEnabled: (Math.floor(asNumber(rawConfig.blockGeneralCreate, 0)) & 1) === 0,
             npcPossessionEnabled: worldState.config.npcMode === 1,
             scenarioTitle: typeof scenarioTitle === 'string' ? scenarioTitle : '',
             myGeneral,

app/game-api/src/router/messages/index.ts

@@ -1,11 +1,19 @@
 import { TRPCError } from '@trpc/server';
 import { z } from 'zod';
-import { asRecord } from '@sammo-ts/common';
+import { asRecord, ChangeJournal } from '@sammo-ts/common';
+import { writeReadModelChangeJournal } from '@sammo-ts/infra';
 import type { UserSanctions } from '@sammo-ts/common/auth/gameToken';
 import { isMessageAccessBlocked } from '@sammo-ts/common/auth/sanctions';
 
 import type { GameApiContext } from '../../context.js';
-import { accessAuthedInputProcedure, accessLimitAuthedInputProcedure, authedProcedure, router } from '../../trpc.js';
+import {
+    accessLimitAuthedInputProcedure,
+    accessWallAuthedInputProcedure,
+    authedProcedure,
+    engineAuthedProcedure,
+    router,
+    wallAuthedProcedure,
+} from '../../trpc.js';
 import {
     MESSAGE_MAILBOX_NATIONAL_BASE,
     MESSAGE_MAILBOX_PUBLIC,
@@ -20,13 +28,13 @@ import {
     fetchOldMessagesFromMailbox,
     fetchMessageById,
     insertMessage,
-    tombstoneMessages,
+    tombstoneMessagesWithinDeleteWindow,
     type MessageView,
 } from '../../messages/store.js';
 import { getOwnedGeneral } from '../shared/general.js';
 import { resolveNationPermission } from '../nation/shared.js';
 import { respondToDiplomaticMessage } from '../../messages/diplomaticResponse.js';
-import { loadCurrentGameTime } from '../../services/gameClock.js';
+import { executeInputEvent } from '../../inputEventBoundary.js';
 
 const zMessageType = z.enum(['private', 'public', 'national', 'diplomacy']);
 
@@ -231,7 +239,7 @@ export const messagesRouter = router({
                 })),
             };
         }),
-    readLatest: authedProcedure
+    readLatest: wallAuthedProcedure
         .input(
             z.object({
                 generalId: z.number().int().positive(),
@@ -264,7 +272,7 @@ export const messagesRouter = router({
             `;
             return { ok: true };
         }),
-    delete: authedProcedure
+    delete: wallAuthedProcedure
         .input(
             z.object({
                 generalId: z.number().int().positive(),
@@ -289,17 +297,16 @@ export const messagesRouter = router({
             if (message.payload.option?.deletable === false) {
                 throw new TRPCError({ code: 'BAD_REQUEST', message: '삭제할 수 없는 메시지입니다.' });
             }
-            const { now } = await loadCurrentGameTime(ctx.db);
-            if (now.getTime() - message.time.getTime() > 5 * 60 * 1000) {
-                throw new TRPCError({ code: 'BAD_REQUEST', message: '5분 이내의 메시지만 삭제할 수 있습니다.' });
-            }
             const receiverMessageId = message.payload.option?.receiverMessageID;
             const shouldDeleteReceiverCopy = message.msgType === 'private' || message.msgType === 'national';
             const ids = [
                 message.id,
                 ...(shouldDeleteReceiverCopy && typeof receiverMessageId === 'number' ? [receiverMessageId] : []),
             ];
-            await tombstoneMessages(ctx.db, ids);
+            const deletedIds = await tombstoneMessagesWithinDeleteWindow(ctx.db, message.id, ids);
+            if (!deletedIds.includes(message.id)) {
+                throw new TRPCError({ code: 'BAD_REQUEST', message: '5분 이내의 메시지만 삭제할 수 있습니다.' });
+            }
             const receiverMailbox =
                 shouldDeleteReceiverCopy && typeof receiverMessageId === 'number' && message.msgType === 'private'
                     ? message.payload.dest.generalId
@@ -309,9 +316,9 @@ export const messagesRouter = router({
                       ? MESSAGE_MAILBOX_NATIONAL_BASE + message.payload.dest.nationId
                       : null;
             markMessageMailboxes(ctx, [message.mailbox, ...(receiverMailbox === null ? [] : [receiverMailbox])]);
-            return { ok: true, deletedIds: ids };
+            return { ok: true, deletedIds };
         }),
-    respond: authedProcedure
+    respond: engineAuthedProcedure
         .input(
             z.object({
                 generalId: z.number().int().positive(),
@@ -342,29 +349,80 @@ export const messagesRouter = router({
                 }
                 return { result: commandResult.ok, reason: commandResult.reason };
             }
-            const result = await respondToDiplomaticMessage({
+            const ownsChangeJournal = !ctx.changeJournal;
+            const changeJournal = ctx.changeJournal ?? new ChangeJournal();
+            let journalPersisted = false;
+            const response = await executeInputEvent({
                 db: ctx.db,
-                actor: general,
-                messageId: input.messageId,
-                response: input.response,
+                requestId: `messages.respond.diplomatic:${input.messageId}`,
+                eventType: 'messages.respond.diplomatic',
+                payload: input,
+                actorUserId: ctx.auth?.user.id,
+                execute: async (transaction) => {
+                    const transactionContext = { ...ctx, db: transaction, changeJournal };
+                    const transactionGeneral = ownsChangeJournal
+                        ? await getOwnedGeneral(transactionContext, input.generalId)
+                        : general;
+                    const result = await respondToDiplomaticMessage({
+                        db: transaction,
+                        actor: transactionGeneral,
+                        messageId: input.messageId,
+                        response: input.response,
+                    });
+                    markMessageMailboxes(transactionContext, result.affectedMailboxes);
+                    for (const generalId of result.affectedGeneralRecordIds) {
+                        changeJournal.mark('records.general', generalId);
+                    }
+                    for (const nationId of result.affectedNationIds) {
+                        changeJournal.mark('nation.content', nationId);
+                    }
+                    for (const cityId of result.affectedCityIds) {
+                        changeJournal.mark('city.content', cityId);
+                    }
+                    if (result.affectedCityIds.length > 0) {
+                        changeJournal.mark('map.world');
+                    }
+                    if (result.affectedNationIds.length > 0 || result.affectedCityIds.length > 0) {
+                        changeJournal.mark('dashboard.global');
+                    }
+                    if (ownsChangeJournal) {
+                        journalPersisted = Boolean(
+                            await writeReadModelChangeJournal(transaction, changeJournal.snapshot())
+                        );
+                    }
+                    return {
+                        result: result.result,
+                        reason: result.reason,
+                        affectedNationIds: result.affectedNationIds,
+                        affectedCityIds: result.affectedCityIds,
+                    };
+                },
             });
-            markMessageMailboxes(ctx, result.affectedMailboxes);
-            for (const generalId of result.affectedGeneralRecordIds) {
-                ctx.changeJournal?.mark('records.general', generalId);
+            if (journalPersisted) {
+                ctx.readModelOutbox?.wake();
             }
-            for (const nationId of result.affectedNationIds) {
-                ctx.changeJournal?.mark('nation.content', nationId);
+            if (response.result && (response.affectedNationIds.length > 0 || response.affectedCityIds.length > 0)) {
+                if (!ctx.auth) {
+                    throw new TRPCError({ code: 'UNAUTHORIZED' });
+                }
+                const synchronized = await ctx.turnDaemon.requestCommand({
+                    type: 'syncDiplomaticResponse',
+                    userId: ctx.auth.user.id,
+                    generalId: general.id,
+                    messageId: input.messageId,
+                    nationIds: response.affectedNationIds,
+                    cityIds: response.affectedCityIds,
+                });
+                if (!synchronized || synchronized.type !== 'syncDiplomaticResponse' || !synchronized.ok) {
+                    const synchronizationReason =
+                        synchronized?.type === 'syncDiplomaticResponse' ? synchronized.reason : undefined;
+                    throw new TRPCError({
+                        code: 'INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR',
+                        message: synchronizationReason ?? '외교 상태를 게임 엔진에 동기화하지 못했습니다.',
+                    });
+                }
             }
-            for (const cityId of result.affectedCityIds) {
-                ctx.changeJournal?.mark('city.content', cityId);
-            }
-            if (result.affectedCityIds.length > 0) {
-                ctx.changeJournal?.mark('map.world');
-            }
-            if (result.affectedNationIds.length > 0 || result.affectedCityIds.length > 0) {
-                ctx.changeJournal?.mark('dashboard.global');
-            }
-            return { result: result.result, reason: result.reason };
+            return { result: response.result, reason: response.reason };
         }),
     getOld: authedProcedure
         .input(
@@ -420,7 +478,7 @@ export const messagesRouter = router({
                 ...messageBuckets,
             };
         }),
-    send: accessAuthedInputProcedure(
+    send: accessWallAuthedInputProcedure(
         z.object({
             generalId: z.number().int().positive(),
             mailbox: z.number().int(),
@@ -436,7 +494,9 @@ export const messagesRouter = router({
         }
 
         const src = await buildTargetFromGeneral(ctx.db, general);
-        const { now } = await loadCurrentGameTime(ctx.db);
+        // Compatibility-only projection. persistMessageEnvelope records and
+        // displays the authoritative PostgreSQL wall instant.
+        const now = new Date();
         const validUntil = new Date('9999-12-31T00:00:00Z');
 
         let msgType: MessageType;

app/game-api/src/router/tournament/index.ts

@@ -5,12 +5,14 @@ import { asRecord } from '@sammo-ts/common';
 import type { TournamentType } from '@sammo-ts/logic';
 import type { TournamentState } from '../../tournament/types.js';
 
-import { TournamentStore } from '../../tournament/store.js';
+import { TournamentStore, type TournamentClockContext } from '../../tournament/store.js';
 import { buildTournamentKeys } from '../../tournament/keys.js';
 import { assignManualApplicantGroup } from '../../tournament/workerHelpers.js';
-import { accessAuthedProcedure, authedProcedure, router } from '../../trpc.js';
+import { accessAuthedProcedure, authedProcedure, engineAuthedProcedure, router } from '../../trpc.js';
 import { getMyGeneral } from '../shared/general.js';
 import { loadCurrentGameTime } from '../../services/gameClock.js';
+import { ensureActiveRedisClockFence, ensureBettingRedisClockFence } from '../../services/redisClockFence.js';
+import { loadClockAdminStatus } from '../../services/clockReadiness.js';
 
 const hasAdminRole = (roles: string[], profileName: string): boolean => {
     if (roles.includes('superuser') || roles.includes('admin') || roles.includes('admin.superuser')) {
@@ -44,6 +46,63 @@ const adminProcedure = authedProcedure.use(({ ctx, next }) => {
     return next();
 });
 
+const withTournamentClockMutation = async <T>(
+    ctx: {
+        db: Parameters<typeof loadCurrentGameTime>[0];
+        redis: Parameters<typeof ensureActiveRedisClockFence>[0];
+        profile: { name: string };
+    },
+    store: TournamentStore,
+    operation: () => Promise<T>
+): Promise<T> => {
+    const gameTime = await loadCurrentGameTime(ctx.db);
+    const fence = await ensureActiveRedisClockFence(ctx.redis, ctx.profile.name, gameTime);
+    if (!fence) {
+        throw new TRPCError({
+            code: 'PRECONDITION_FAILED',
+            message: 'Clock reconciliation is incomplete; tournament mutation is disabled.',
+        });
+    }
+    const clockContext: TournamentClockContext = {
+        phase: fence.phase,
+        revision: fence.revision,
+        deadlineGeneration: fence.generation,
+        dateToTick: gameTime.dateToTick,
+    };
+    return store.withClockContext(clockContext, () => store.withMutationLock(operation));
+};
+
+const withTournamentBetClockMutation = async <T>(
+    ctx: {
+        db: Parameters<typeof loadCurrentGameTime>[0];
+        redis: Parameters<typeof ensureBettingRedisClockFence>[0];
+        profile: { name: string };
+    },
+    store: TournamentStore,
+    operation: () => Promise<T>
+): Promise<T> => {
+    const gameTime = await loadCurrentGameTime(ctx.db);
+    const fence = await ensureBettingRedisClockFence(ctx.redis, ctx.profile.name, gameTime);
+    if (!fence) {
+        throw new TRPCError({
+            code: 'PRECONDITION_FAILED',
+            message: 'Clock reconciliation is incomplete; tournament betting is disabled.',
+        });
+    }
+    return store.withClockContext(
+        {
+            phase: fence.phase,
+            revision: fence.revision,
+            deadlineGeneration: fence.generation,
+            dateToTick: gameTime.dateToTick,
+        },
+        () => store.withMutationLock(operation)
+    );
+};
+
+const tournamentBetCommandRequestId = (requestId: string | undefined, step: string): string | undefined =>
+    requestId ? `${requestId}:tournamentBet:${step}` : undefined;
+
 const zTournamentState = z.object({
     stage: z.number().int().min(0),
     phase: z.number().int().min(0),
@@ -143,7 +202,10 @@ export const tournamentRouter = router({
         const store = new TournamentStore(ctx.redis, buildTournamentKeys(ctx.profile.name));
         return store.getState();
     }),
-    getAdminStatus: adminProcedure.query(async () => ({ ok: true })),
+    getAdminStatus: adminProcedure.query(async ({ ctx }) => ({
+        ok: true,
+        clock: await loadClockAdminStatus(ctx.db),
+    })),
     getSnapshot: accessAuthedProcedure.query(async ({ ctx }) => {
         await getMyGeneral(ctx);
         const store = new TournamentStore(ctx.redis, buildTournamentKeys(ctx.profile.name));
@@ -271,7 +333,7 @@ export const tournamentRouter = router({
     }),
     setState: adminProcedure.input(zTournamentState).mutation(async ({ ctx, input }) => {
         const store = new TournamentStore(ctx.redis, buildTournamentKeys(ctx.profile.name));
-        return store.withMutationLock(async () => {
+        return withTournamentClockMutation(ctx, store, async () => {
             await store.setState({
                 ...input,
                 type: input.type as TournamentType,
@@ -281,7 +343,7 @@ export const tournamentRouter = router({
     }),
     patchState: adminProcedure.input(zTournamentState.partial()).mutation(async ({ ctx, input }) => {
         const store = new TournamentStore(ctx.redis, buildTournamentKeys(ctx.profile.name));
-        return store.withMutationLock(async () => {
+        return withTournamentClockMutation(ctx, store, async () => {
             const current = await store.getState();
             if (!current) {
                 throw new TRPCError({ code: 'NOT_FOUND', message: 'Tournament state not found.' });
@@ -297,21 +359,21 @@ export const tournamentRouter = router({
     }),
     setParticipants: adminProcedure.input(z.array(zParticipant)).mutation(async ({ ctx, input }) => {
         const store = new TournamentStore(ctx.redis, buildTournamentKeys(ctx.profile.name));
-        return store.withMutationLock(async () => {
+        return withTournamentClockMutation(ctx, store, async () => {
             await store.setParticipants(input);
             return { ok: true, count: input.length };
         });
     }),
     setMatches: adminProcedure.input(z.array(zMatch)).mutation(async ({ ctx, input }) => {
         const store = new TournamentStore(ctx.redis, buildTournamentKeys(ctx.profile.name));
-        return store.withMutationLock(async () => {
+        return withTournamentClockMutation(ctx, store, async () => {
             await store.setMatches(input);
             return { ok: true, count: input.length };
         });
     }),
     setBettingEntries: adminProcedure.input(z.array(zBetEntry)).mutation(async ({ ctx, input }) => {
         const store = new TournamentStore(ctx.redis, buildTournamentKeys(ctx.profile.name));
-        return store.withMutationLock(async () => {
+        return withTournamentClockMutation(ctx, store, async () => {
             await store.setBettingEntries(input);
             return { ok: true, count: input.length };
         });
@@ -347,7 +409,7 @@ export const tournamentRouter = router({
             };
         });
 
-        return store.withMutationLock(async () => {
+        return withTournamentClockMutation(ctx, store, async () => {
             await store.setParticipants(participants);
             return { ok: true, count: participants.length };
         });
@@ -394,7 +456,7 @@ export const tournamentRouter = router({
     join: authedProcedure.mutation(async ({ ctx }) => {
         const general = await getMyGeneral(ctx);
         const store = new TournamentStore(ctx.redis, buildTournamentKeys(ctx.profile.name));
-        return store.withMutationLock(async () => {
+        return withTournamentClockMutation(ctx, store, async () => {
             const state = await store.getState();
             if (!state || state.stage !== 1 || state.participantsLockedAt) {
                 throw new TRPCError({ code: 'BAD_REQUEST', message: '참가 신청 기간이 아닙니다.' });
@@ -459,7 +521,7 @@ export const tournamentRouter = router({
     }),
     cancel: adminProcedure.mutation(async ({ ctx }) => {
         const store = new TournamentStore(ctx.redis, buildTournamentKeys(ctx.profile.name));
-        return store.withMutationLock(async () => {
+        return withTournamentClockMutation(ctx, store, async () => {
             const state = await store.getState();
             if (!state) {
                 throw new TRPCError({ code: 'NOT_FOUND', message: 'Tournament state not found.' });
@@ -513,7 +575,10 @@ export const tournamentRouter = router({
             return { ok: true };
         });
     }),
-    placeBet: authedProcedure
+    // This route delegates its game mutations to durable ENGINE input events.
+    // Wrapping it in the API input-event transaction would hold the clock
+    // advisory lock while waiting for the daemon to claim the child event.
+    placeBet: engineAuthedProcedure
         .input(
             z.object({
                 targetId: z.number().int().positive(),
@@ -523,7 +588,7 @@ export const tournamentRouter = router({
         .mutation(async ({ ctx, input }) => {
             const general = await getMyGeneral(ctx);
             const store = new TournamentStore(ctx.redis, buildTournamentKeys(ctx.profile.name));
-            return store.withMutationLock(async () => {
+            return withTournamentBetClockMutation(ctx, store, async () => {
                 const state = await store.getState();
                 if (!state || state.stage !== 6) {
                     throw new TRPCError({ code: 'BAD_REQUEST', message: '베팅 기간이 아닙니다.' });
@@ -558,6 +623,7 @@ export const tournamentRouter = router({
 
                 const adjustResult = await ctx.turnDaemon.requestCommand({
                     type: 'adjustGeneralResources',
+                    requestId: tournamentBetCommandRequestId(ctx.requestId, 'resources'),
                     reason: 'tournamentBet',
                     adjustments: [{ generalId: general.id, goldDelta: -input.amount, minGoldAfter: 500 }],
                 });
@@ -573,6 +639,7 @@ export const tournamentRouter = router({
 
                 const rankResult = await ctx.turnDaemon.requestCommand({
                     type: 'adjustGeneralMeta',
+                    requestId: tournamentBetCommandRequestId(ctx.requestId, 'rank'),
                     reason: 'tournamentBet',
                     adjustments: [
                         {
@@ -584,6 +651,7 @@ export const tournamentRouter = router({
                 if (!rankResult || rankResult.type !== 'adjustGeneralMeta' || !rankResult.ok) {
                     await ctx.turnDaemon.requestCommand({
                         type: 'adjustGeneralResources',
+                        requestId: tournamentBetCommandRequestId(ctx.requestId, 'rank-rollback-resources'),
                         reason: 'tournamentBetRollback',
                         adjustments: [{ generalId: general.id, goldDelta: input.amount }],
                     });
@@ -600,11 +668,13 @@ export const tournamentRouter = router({
                     await Promise.all([
                         ctx.turnDaemon.requestCommand({
                             type: 'adjustGeneralResources',
+                            requestId: tournamentBetCommandRequestId(ctx.requestId, 'projection-rollback-resources'),
                             reason: 'tournamentBetRollback',
                             adjustments: [{ generalId: general.id, goldDelta: input.amount }],
                         }),
                         ctx.turnDaemon.requestCommand({
                             type: 'adjustGeneralMeta',
+                            requestId: tournamentBetCommandRequestId(ctx.requestId, 'projection-rollback-rank'),
                             reason: 'tournamentBetRollback',
                             adjustments: [
                                 {

app/game-api/src/router/troop/index.ts

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import {
     resolveRefreshScoreText,
     resolveRemainingMinutes,
 } from '../../services/generalBasicCardProjection.js';
+import { loadCurrentGameTime } from '../../services/gameClock.js';
 import { loadTraitNames } from '../nation/shared.js';
 import { getAuthenticatedUserId, getMyGeneral } from '../shared/general.js';
 import { throwIfCommandRejected } from '../shared/turnDaemon.js';
@@ -72,7 +73,7 @@ export const troopRouter = router({
             throw new TRPCError({ code: 'PRECONDITION_FAILED', message: '국가에 소속되어 있지 않습니다.' });
         }
 
-        const [nation, troops, generals, cities, worldState] = await Promise.all([
+        const [nation, troops, generals, cities, worldState, gameTime] = await Promise.all([
             ctx.db.nation.findUnique({
                 where: { id: me.nationId },
                 select: { id: true, name: true, color: true, level: true, meta: true },
@@ -121,6 +122,7 @@ export const troopRouter = router({
                 select: { id: true, name: true },
             }),
             ctx.db.worldState.findFirst({ select: { tickSeconds: true, config: true, meta: true } }),
+            loadCurrentGameTime(ctx.db),
         ]);
         if (!nation) {
             throw new TRPCError({ code: 'NOT_FOUND', message: '국가 정보를 찾을 수 없습니다.' });
@@ -214,15 +216,6 @@ export const troopRouter = router({
         const traitName = (code: string, names: Map<string, { name: string }>): string =>
             names.get(code)?.name ?? sanitizeInternalDisplayCode(code);
         const itemName = (code: string): string => itemNames.get(code) ?? sanitizeInternalDisplayCode(code);
-        const worldMeta = asRecord(worldState?.meta);
-        const rawLastExecuted = worldMeta.lastTurnTime ?? worldMeta.turntime;
-        const lastExecuted =
-            rawLastExecuted instanceof Date
-                ? rawLastExecuted
-                : typeof rawLastExecuted === 'string'
-                  ? new Date(rawLastExecuted)
-                  : null;
-
         const mappedTroops = troops
             .map((troop) => {
                 const leader = generalMap.get(troop.troopLeaderId);
@@ -348,8 +341,7 @@ export const troopRouter = router({
                                                   killTurn: readNumber(meta.killturn ?? meta.killTurn),
                                                   remainingMinutes: resolveRemainingMinutes(
                                                       general.turnTime,
-                                                      lastExecuted,
-                                                      worldState?.tickSeconds ?? 0
+                                                      gameTime.now
                                                   ),
                                                   troopId: general.troopId,
                                                   troop: {

app/game-api/src/router/turns/index.ts

@@ -446,6 +446,7 @@ export const getTurnCommandTable = async (ctx: GameApiContext, generalId: number
         nationGenerals,
         realNationCount: nations.filter((entry) => entry.id > 0).length,
         inputOptions,
+        generalActionModules: moduleBundle.general,
     });
 };
 

app/game-api/src/router/vote/index.ts

@@ -102,18 +102,16 @@ export const hasPollEnded = (
     time: CurrentGameTime
 ): boolean =>
     Boolean(poll.closed_at) ||
-    (poll.end_tick !== null && time.tick !== null
-        ? poll.end_tick < BigInt(time.tick)
-        : Boolean(poll.end_at && poll.end_at.getTime() < time.now.getTime()));
+    Boolean(
+        poll.end_at &&
+            (poll.end_tick === null || time.tick === null || poll.end_tick < BigInt(time.tick))
+    );
 
 const toGameTickOrNull = (time: CurrentGameTime, date: Date | null): bigint | null => {
     if (!date) return null;
-    try {
-        const tick = time.dateToTick(date);
-        return tick === null ? null : BigInt(tick);
-    } catch {
-        return null;
-    }
+    const tick = time.dateToTick(date);
+    if (tick === null) throw new Error('Vote GAME_TIME deadline requires an initialized game clock.');
+    return BigInt(tick);
 };
 
 type VoteListRow = {
@@ -358,7 +356,6 @@ export const voteRouter = router({
                 voteId: input.voteId,
                 generalId: general.id,
                 selection: sortedSelection,
-                ...(gameTime.tick === null ? {} : { acceptedGameTick: gameTime.tick }),
             });
             throwIfCommandRejected(rewardResult);
 
@@ -399,8 +396,6 @@ export const voteRouter = router({
                 ? await ctx.db.nation.findFirst({ where: { id: general.nationId }, select: { name: true } })
                 : null;
             const nationName = nation?.name ?? '재야';
-            const createdAt = new Date();
-
             await ctx.db.$queryRaw(GamePrisma.sql`
                 INSERT INTO vote_comment (
                     vote_id,
@@ -418,7 +413,7 @@ export const voteRouter = router({
                     ${general.name},
                     ${nationName},
                     ${input.text},
-                    ${createdAt}
+                    CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'
                 )
             `);
 
@@ -451,7 +446,6 @@ export const voteRouter = router({
             if (endAt && endAt < gameTime.now) {
                 throw new TRPCError({ code: 'BAD_REQUEST', message: '종료일이 이미 지났습니다.' });
             }
-            const operationalAt = new Date();
 
             let multipleOptions = input.multipleOptions;
             if (multipleOptions < 0) {
@@ -464,7 +458,8 @@ export const voteRouter = router({
             if (input.closePrevious) {
                 await ctx.db.$queryRaw(GamePrisma.sql`
                     UPDATE vote_poll
-                    SET closed_at = ${gameTime.now}, updated_at = ${operationalAt}
+                    SET closed_at = ${gameTime.now},
+                        updated_at = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'
                     WHERE closed_at IS NULL
                 `);
             }
@@ -497,8 +492,8 @@ export const voteRouter = router({
                     ${gameTime.tick === null ? null : BigInt(gameTime.tick)},
                     ${endAt},
                     ${toGameTickOrNull(gameTime, endAt)},
-                    ${operationalAt},
-                    ${operationalAt}
+                    CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC',
+                    CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'
                 )
             `);
 
@@ -573,7 +568,6 @@ export const voteRouter = router({
             if (endAt && endAt < gameTime.now) {
                 throw new TRPCError({ code: 'BAD_REQUEST', message: '종료일이 이미 지났습니다.' });
             }
-            const updatedAt = new Date();
 
             if (
                 input.title === undefined &&
@@ -596,7 +590,7 @@ export const voteRouter = router({
                     reveal_mode = COALESCE(${input.revealMode}, reveal_mode),
                     end_at = ${endAt ?? poll.end_at},
                     end_tick = ${endAt ? toGameTickOrNull(gameTime, endAt) : poll.end_tick},
-                    updated_at = ${updatedAt}
+                    updated_at = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'
                 WHERE id = ${input.voteId}
             `);
 
@@ -609,10 +603,10 @@ export const voteRouter = router({
         .input(z.object({ voteId: z.number().int().positive() }))
         .mutation(async ({ ctx, input }) => {
             const gameTime = await loadCurrentGameTime(ctx.db);
-            const updatedAt = new Date();
             const rows = await ctx.db.$queryRaw<Array<{ id: number }>>(GamePrisma.sql`
                 UPDATE vote_poll
-                SET closed_at = ${gameTime.now}, updated_at = ${updatedAt}
+                SET closed_at = ${gameTime.now},
+                    updated_at = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'
                 WHERE id = ${input.voteId}
                 RETURNING id
             `);

app/game-api/src/router/world/directory.ts

@@ -10,6 +10,9 @@ import { resolveSecretPermission } from '../shared/secretPermission.js';
 
 const zDirectorySort = z.number().int().min(1).max(15).default(9);
 
+const directoryGeneralTypes = ['만능', '통', '무', '지', '평범', '무지', '무능'] as const;
+type DirectoryGeneralType = (typeof directoryGeneralTypes)[number];
+
 const readNumber = (value: unknown, fallback = 0): number =>
     typeof value === 'number' && Number.isFinite(value) ? value : fallback;
 
@@ -34,6 +37,28 @@ const compareString = (left: string, right: string): number => {
     return left < right ? -1 : 1;
 };
 
+const resolveDirectoryGeneralType = (leadership: number, strength: number, intel: number): DirectoryGeneralType => {
+    if (leadership < 40) {
+        return strength + intel < 40 ? '무능' : '무지';
+    }
+
+    const maxStat = Math.max(leadership, strength, intel);
+    const lowestPairSum = Math.min(leadership + strength, strength + intel, intel + leadership);
+    if (maxStat >= 70 && lowestPairSum >= maxStat * 1.7) {
+        return '만능';
+    }
+    if (strength >= 60 && intel < strength * 0.8) {
+        return '무';
+    }
+    if (intel >= 60 && strength < intel * 0.8) {
+        return '지';
+    }
+    if (leadership >= 60 && strength + intel < leadership) {
+        return '통';
+    }
+    return '평범';
+};
+
 const resolveExperienceLevel = (experience: number, maxLevel: number): number => {
     const level = experience < 1_000 ? Math.trunc(experience / 100) : Math.trunc(Math.sqrt(experience / 10));
     return Math.max(0, Math.min(level, maxLevel));
@@ -77,7 +102,7 @@ const resolveRefreshText = (score: number): string => {
 export const getNationDirectory = authedProcedure.query(async ({ ctx }) => {
     await getMyGeneral(ctx);
 
-    const [nations, generals, cities] = await Promise.all([
+    const [nations, generals, cities, accessLogs, worldState] = await Promise.all([
         ctx.db.nation.findMany({
             select: {
                 id: true,
@@ -96,6 +121,9 @@ export const getNationDirectory = authedProcedure.query(async ({ ctx }) => {
                 npcState: true,
                 nationId: true,
                 cityId: true,
+                leadership: true,
+                strength: true,
+                intel: true,
                 dedication: true,
                 officerLevel: true,
                 meta: true,
@@ -107,6 +135,12 @@ export const getNationDirectory = authedProcedure.query(async ({ ctx }) => {
             select: { id: true, name: true, nationId: true },
             orderBy: { id: 'asc' },
         }),
+        ctx.db.generalAccessLog.findMany({
+            select: { generalId: true, refreshScoreTotal: true },
+        }),
+        ctx.db.worldState.findFirst({
+            select: { tickSeconds: true, meta: true },
+        }),
     ]);
 
     const directoryNations = nations.some((nation) => nation.id === 0)
@@ -135,6 +169,15 @@ export const getNationDirectory = authedProcedure.query(async ({ ctx }) => {
     }
     const citiesByNation = new Map<number, typeof cities>();
     const cityNameById = new Map(cities.map((city) => [city.id, city.name] as const));
+    const accessScoreByGeneralId = new Map(
+        accessLogs.map((accessLog) => [accessLog.generalId, accessLog.refreshScoreTotal] as const)
+    );
+    const worldMeta = asRecord(worldState?.meta);
+    const autorunUser = asRecord(worldMeta.autorun_user);
+    const worldKillturn = readNumber(worldMeta.killturn);
+    const turnMinutes = readNumber(worldState?.tickSeconds) / 60;
+    const autorunLimitTurns = turnMinutes > 0 ? readNumber(autorunUser.limit_minutes) / turnMinutes : 0;
+    const activeKillturnThreshold = worldKillturn - autorunLimitTurns;
     for (const city of cities) {
         const list = citiesByNation.get(city.nationId) ?? [];
         list.push(city);
@@ -168,6 +211,40 @@ export const getNationDirectory = authedProcedure.query(async ({ ctx }) => {
                     false
                 ),
             }));
+            const analyzedGenerals = nationGenerals.map((general) => {
+                const killturn = readMetaNumber(general.meta, 'killturn');
+                const inactive = general.npcState < 2 && killturn < activeKillturnThreshold;
+                const accessScore = accessScoreByGeneralId.get(general.id) ?? 0;
+                return {
+                    id: general.id,
+                    name: general.name,
+                    npcState: general.npcState,
+                    leadership: general.leadership,
+                    type: resolveDirectoryGeneralType(general.leadership, general.strength, general.intel),
+                    inactive,
+                    accessGrade: accessScore >= 1_500 ? 'high' : accessScore >= 200 ? 'medium' : 'normal',
+                    killturn,
+                } as const;
+            });
+            const combatGenerals = analyzedGenerals.filter(
+                (general) => general.type !== '무능' && general.type !== '무지'
+            );
+            const userCombatGenerals = combatGenerals.filter((general) => general.npcState < 2 && !general.inactive);
+            const npcCombatGenerals = combatGenerals.filter((general) => general.npcState >= 2 && general.killturn > 5);
+            const generalGroups = directoryGeneralTypes
+                .map((type) => ({
+                    type,
+                    label: `${type}장`,
+                    generals: analyzedGenerals
+                        .filter((general) => general.type === type)
+                        .sort((left, right) => {
+                            const leftScore = accessScoreByGeneralId.get(left.id) ?? 0;
+                            const rightScore = accessScoreByGeneralId.get(right.id) ?? 0;
+                            return rightScore - leftScore || compareString(left.name, right.name) || left.id - right.id;
+                        })
+                        .map(({ leadership: _leadership, killturn: _killturn, type: _type, ...general }) => general),
+                }))
+                .filter((group) => group.generals.length > 0);
 
             return {
                 id: nation.id,
@@ -183,6 +260,15 @@ export const getNationDirectory = authedProcedure.query(async ({ ctx }) => {
                 rulerCityName: ruler ? (cityNameById.get(ruler.cityId) ?? null) : null,
                 generalCount: readMetaNumber(nation.meta, 'gennum', nationGenerals.length),
                 cityCount: nationCities.length,
+                forceEstimate: {
+                    totalGeneralCount: analyzedGenerals.length,
+                    userCombatGeneralCount: userCombatGenerals.length,
+                    userTroops: userCombatGenerals.reduce((sum, general) => sum + general.leadership * 100, 0),
+                    npcCombatGeneralCount: npcCombatGenerals.length,
+                    npcTroops: npcCombatGenerals.reduce((sum, general) => sum + general.leadership * 100, 0),
+                    inactiveGeneralCount: analyzedGenerals.filter((general) => general.inactive).length,
+                },
+                generalGroups,
                 officers,
                 ambassadorNames: secretPermissions
                     .filter(({ permission }) => permission === 4)

app/game-api/src/server.ts

@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ import { ReadModelOutboxWorker } from './realtime/outboxWorker.js';
 import { DeferredGeneralAccessWorker } from './services/deferredGeneralAccess.js';
 import { WebPushOutboxWorker } from './services/webPushOutboxWorker.js';
 import { scopeHttpIdempotencyKey } from './requestId.js';
+import { loadClockReadiness } from './services/clockReadiness.js';
 
 const extractBearerToken = (value: string | string[] | undefined): string | null => {
     if (!value) {
@@ -420,12 +421,17 @@ export const createGameApiServer = async () => {
         request.raw.on('aborted', close);
     });
 
-    app.get('/healthz', async () => ({
-        ok: true,
-        profile: config.profileName,
-        postgresPool: postgres.getPoolStats(),
-        accountIconReconciliation: accountIconResetReconciler.getHealth(),
-    }));
+    app.get('/healthz', async (_request, reply) => {
+        const clock = await loadClockReadiness(postgres.prisma);
+        if (!clock.reconciliationComplete) reply.code(503);
+        return {
+            ok: clock.reconciliationComplete,
+            profile: config.profileName,
+            postgresPool: postgres.getPoolStats(),
+            accountIconReconciliation: accountIconResetReconciler.getHealth(),
+            clock,
+        };
+    });
 
     try {
         await realtimeHub.start();

app/game-api/src/services/clockReadiness.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+import { parseGameClockPhase } from '@sammo-ts/common';
+
+import type { DatabaseClient } from '../context.js';
+
+const safeInteger = (value: bigint, label: string): number => {
+    const result = Number(value);
+    if (!Number.isSafeInteger(result)) throw new Error(`${label} is outside the safe integer range.`);
+    return result;
+};
+
+export const loadClockReadiness = async (db: DatabaseClient) => {
+    if (!db.clockProjectionOutbox) {
+        return {
+            reconciliationComplete: false,
+            gameplayEnabled: false,
+            phase: null,
+            revision: null,
+            deadlineGeneration: null,
+            incompleteOutboxCount: null,
+        };
+    }
+    const [world, incompleteOutboxCount] = await Promise.all([
+        db.worldState.findFirst({
+            orderBy: { id: 'asc' },
+            select: { clockPhase: true, clockRevision: true, deadlineGeneration: true },
+        }),
+        db.clockProjectionOutbox.count({ where: { status: { not: 'APPLIED' } } }),
+    ]);
+    if (!world) {
+        return {
+            reconciliationComplete: false,
+            gameplayEnabled: false,
+            phase: null,
+            revision: null,
+            deadlineGeneration: null,
+            incompleteOutboxCount,
+        };
+    }
+    const phase = parseGameClockPhase(world.clockPhase);
+    return {
+        reconciliationComplete: phase !== 'RECONCILING' && incompleteOutboxCount === 0,
+        gameplayEnabled: phase === 'RUNNING' || phase === 'MANUAL',
+        phase,
+        revision: safeInteger(world.clockRevision, 'clock revision'),
+        deadlineGeneration: safeInteger(world.deadlineGeneration, 'deadline generation'),
+        incompleteOutboxCount,
+    };
+};
+
+export const loadClockAdminStatus = async (db: DatabaseClient) => {
+    const readiness = await loadClockReadiness(db);
+    if (!db.clockSuspension) {
+        return { ...readiness, latestReconciliation: null };
+    }
+    const latest = await db.clockSuspension.findFirst({
+        orderBy: { createdAt: 'desc' },
+        include: {
+            participants: { orderBy: { participantKey: 'asc' } },
+            projectionOutbox: { orderBy: { id: 'asc' } },
+        },
+    });
+    if (!latest) return { ...readiness, latestReconciliation: null };
+    return {
+        ...readiness,
+        latestReconciliation: {
+            id: latest.id,
+            source: latest.source,
+            policy: latest.policy,
+            status: latest.status,
+            sourceRevision: safeInteger(latest.sourceRevision, 'source revision'),
+            targetRevision: safeInteger(latest.targetRevision, 'target revision'),
+            cutTick: safeInteger(latest.cutTick, 'cut tick'),
+            alignedTick: latest.alignedTick === null ? null : safeInteger(latest.alignedTick, 'aligned tick'),
+            participantChecksumBefore: latest.participantChecksumBefore,
+            participantChecksumAfter: latest.participantChecksumAfter,
+            participants: latest.participants.map((participant) => ({
+                key: participant.participantKey,
+                policy: participant.policy,
+                beforeChecksum: participant.beforeChecksum,
+                afterChecksum: participant.afterChecksum,
+                affectedCount: participant.affectedCount,
+            })),
+            outbox: latest.projectionOutbox.map((entry) => ({
+                id: entry.id.toString(),
+                targetRevision: safeInteger(entry.targetRevision, 'outbox target revision'),
+                status: entry.status,
+                attempts: entry.attempts,
+                lastError: entry.lastError,
+            })),
+        },
+    };
+};

app/game-api/src/services/deferredGeneralAccess.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { createHash, randomUUID } from 'node:crypto';
 
 import { asRecord, resolveAccessLimitLevel, resolveAccessRefreshLimit } from '@sammo-ts/common';
-import { GamePrisma } from '@sammo-ts/infra';
+import { acquireGameSchemaAdvisoryXactLock, GENERAL_ACCESS_PERSISTENCE_LOCK, GamePrisma } from '@sammo-ts/infra';
 import type { GameSessionTokenPayload } from '@sammo-ts/common/auth/gameToken';
 
 import type { DatabaseClient } from '../context.js';
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ const markBatchProcessed = async (db: Pick<DatabaseClient, '$executeRaw'>, batch
 };
 
 export const flushDeferredGeneralAccessBatch = async (
-    db: Pick<DatabaseClient, '$queryRaw' | '$executeRaw' | 'worldState'>,
+    db: Pick<DatabaseClient, '$transaction' | '$queryRaw' | '$executeRaw' | 'worldState'>,
     batchId: string,
     entries: readonly DeferredGeneralAccessEntry[]
 ): Promise<{ states: DeferredGeneralAccessFlushRow[]; refreshLimit: number }> => {
@@ -171,6 +171,9 @@ export const flushDeferredGeneralAccessBatch = async (
         await markBatchProcessed(db, batchId);
         return { states: [], refreshLimit: 0 };
     }
+    if (!db.$transaction) {
+        throw new Error('Deferred general access persistence requires transaction support.');
+    }
     const worldState = await db.worldState.findFirst({
         orderBy: { id: 'asc' },
         select: {
@@ -210,7 +213,11 @@ export const flushDeferredGeneralAccessBatch = async (
         }))
     );
     const periodKey = worldState.currentYear * 12 + worldState.currentMonth - 1;
-    const states = await db.$queryRaw<DeferredGeneralAccessFlushRow[]>(GamePrisma.sql`
+    const states = await db.$transaction(async (transaction) => {
+        // The turn flush and synchronous access path must enter through the same
+        // schema-scoped lock before either traffic or access rows are mutated.
+        await acquireGameSchemaAdvisoryXactLock(transaction, GENERAL_ACCESS_PERSISTENCE_LOCK);
+        return transaction.$queryRaw<DeferredGeneralAccessFlushRow[]>(GamePrisma.sql`
         WITH inserted_batch AS (
             INSERT INTO "general_access_batch" ("id")
             VALUES (${batchId})
@@ -353,6 +360,7 @@ export const flushDeferredGeneralAccessBatch = async (
                 END,
                 resolved."weight"
             FROM resolved
+            ORDER BY resolved."general_id"
             ON CONFLICT ("general_id") DO UPDATE SET
                 "user_id" = EXCLUDED."user_id",
                 "last_refresh" = GREATEST("general_access_log"."last_refresh", EXCLUDED."last_refresh"),
@@ -394,7 +402,8 @@ export const flushDeferredGeneralAccessBatch = async (
         LEFT JOIN access_updates ON access_updates."general_id" = actor."id"
         LEFT JOIN "general_access_log" AS access_log ON access_log."general_id" = actor."id"
         ORDER BY actor."id"
-    `);
+        `);
+    });
     return {
         states,
         refreshLimit: resolveAccessRefreshLimit(worldState.tickSeconds, meta.refreshLimit),

app/game-api/src/services/gameClock.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,10 @@
-import { GameClock, type GameClockMode } from '@sammo-ts/common';
+import {
+    GameClock,
+    inferClockPhase,
+    parseGameClockPhase,
+    type GameClockMode,
+    type GameClockPhase,
+} from '@sammo-ts/common';
 
 import type { DatabaseClient } from '../context.js';
 
@@ -7,6 +13,9 @@ export interface CurrentGameTime {
     wallNow: Date;
     tick: number | null;
     mode: GameClockMode | null;
+    phase?: GameClockPhase | null;
+    revision?: number | null;
+    deadlineGeneration?: number | null;
     running: boolean;
     startsAt: Date | null;
     dateToTick(date: Date): number | null;
@@ -19,6 +28,9 @@ export const loadCurrentGameTime = async (db: DatabaseClient, wallNow = new Date
             wallNow,
             tick: null,
             mode: null,
+            phase: null,
+            revision: null,
+            deadlineGeneration: null,
             running: true,
             startsAt: null,
             dateToTick: () => null,
@@ -32,6 +44,9 @@ export const loadCurrentGameTime = async (db: DatabaseClient, wallNow = new Date
             clockMode: true,
             clockWallAnchor: true,
             tickSeconds: true,
+            clockPhase: true,
+            clockRevision: true,
+            deadlineGeneration: true,
         },
     });
     if (!state?.clockBaseTime || state.clockTick === null || !state.clockWallAnchor) {
@@ -40,32 +55,53 @@ export const loadCurrentGameTime = async (db: DatabaseClient, wallNow = new Date
             wallNow,
             tick: null,
             mode: null,
+            phase: null,
+            revision: null,
+            deadlineGeneration: null,
             running: true,
             startsAt: null,
             dateToTick: () => null,
         };
     }
     const mode: GameClockMode = state.clockMode === 'manual' ? 'manual' : 'realtime';
+    // During the dual-read migration an older profile (or a rolling-deploy
+    // fixture) can lack clock_phase. Preserve the existing future-anchor
+    // PREOPEN contract until every profile has the authoritative column.
+    const phase = state.clockPhase
+        ? parseGameClockPhase(state.clockPhase)
+        : mode === 'realtime' && wallNow.getTime() < state.clockWallAnchor.getTime()
+          ? 'PREOPEN'
+          : inferClockPhase(mode);
     const storedTick = Number(state.clockTick);
     if (!Number.isSafeInteger(storedTick)) {
         throw new Error(`world_state.clock_tick is outside the JavaScript safe integer range: ${state.clockTick}`);
     }
+    const revision = Number(state.clockRevision ?? 1n);
+    const deadlineGeneration = Number(state.deadlineGeneration ?? 1n);
+    if (!Number.isSafeInteger(revision) || !Number.isSafeInteger(deadlineGeneration)) {
+        throw new Error('world_state clock revision or deadline generation is outside the safe integer range.');
+    }
     const clock = new GameClock({
         baseTime: state.clockBaseTime,
         tick: storedTick,
         mode,
         wallAnchor: state.clockWallAnchor,
         turnSeconds: state.tickSeconds,
+        phase,
+        revision,
     });
     const tick = clock.nowTick(wallNow);
-    const running = mode === 'realtime' && wallNow.getTime() >= state.clockWallAnchor.getTime();
+    const running = phase === 'RUNNING' && mode === 'realtime';
     return {
         now: clock.tickToDate(tick),
         wallNow,
         tick,
         mode,
+        phase,
+        revision,
+        deadlineGeneration,
         running,
-        startsAt: mode === 'realtime' && !running ? state.clockWallAnchor : null,
+        startsAt: phase === 'PREOPEN' ? state.clockWallAnchor : null,
         dateToTick: (date) => clock.dateToTick(date),
     };
 };

app/game-api/src/services/generalAccess.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { asRecord, resolveAccessLimitLevel, resolveAccessRefreshLimit, type AccessLimitLevel } from '@sammo-ts/common';
-import { GamePrisma } from '@sammo-ts/infra';
+import { acquireGameSchemaAdvisoryXactLock, GENERAL_ACCESS_PERSISTENCE_LOCK, GamePrisma } from '@sammo-ts/infra';
 
 import type { GameApiContext } from '../context.js';
 
@@ -228,6 +228,7 @@ export const upsertGeneralAccess = async (
         throw new Error('Traffic access persistence requires transaction support.');
     }
     await db.$transaction(async (transaction) => {
+        await acquireGameSchemaAdvisoryXactLock(transaction, GENERAL_ACCESS_PERSISTENCE_LOCK);
         const periodKey = input.year * 12 + input.month - 1;
         const periodRows = await transaction.$queryRaw<Array<{ id: number }>>(
             GamePrisma.sql`

app/game-api/src/services/generalBasicCardProjection.ts

@@ -45,15 +45,10 @@ export const resolveRefreshScoreText = (score: number): string => {
 
 export const resolveRemainingMinutes = (
     turnTime: Date,
-    lastExecuted: Date | null,
-    turnTermSeconds: number
+    currentGameTime: Date | null
 ): number | null => {
-    if (!lastExecuted || !Number.isFinite(lastExecuted.getTime()) || turnTermSeconds <= 0) return null;
-    let nextTurnMillis = turnTime.getTime();
-    if (nextTurnMillis < lastExecuted.getTime()) {
-        nextTurnMillis += turnTermSeconds * 1_000;
-    }
-    return Math.floor(Math.min(999, Math.max(0, (nextTurnMillis - lastExecuted.getTime()) / 60_000)));
+    if (!currentGameTime || !Number.isFinite(currentGameTime.getTime())) return null;
+    return Math.floor(Math.max(0, (turnTime.getTime() - currentGameTime.getTime()) / 60_000));
 };
 
 export interface NextTurnMonthOffsetInput {

app/game-api/src/services/redisClockFence.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+import type { CurrentGameTime } from './gameClock.js';
+import type { GameClockPhase } from '@sammo-ts/common';
+
+interface ClockFenceRedis {
+    eval(script: string, options: { keys: string[]; arguments: string[] }): Promise<unknown>;
+}
+
+const BOOTSTRAP_CLOCK_FENCE_SCRIPT = `
+local revision = redis.call('GET', KEYS[1])
+local generation = redis.call('GET', KEYS[2])
+local phase = redis.call('GET', KEYS[3])
+if not revision and not generation and not phase then
+    redis.call('SET', KEYS[1], ARGV[1])
+    redis.call('SET', KEYS[2], ARGV[2])
+    redis.call('SET', KEYS[3], ARGV[3])
+    return 1
+end
+if revision == ARGV[1] and generation == ARGV[2] and phase == ARGV[3] then
+    return 2
+end
+return 0
+`;
+
+export interface ActiveRedisClockFence {
+    activeRevisionKey: string;
+    deadlineGenerationKey: string;
+    phaseKey: string;
+    revision: number;
+    generation: number;
+    phase: 'RUNNING' | 'MANUAL' | 'SUSPENDED';
+}
+
+type MutableProjectionPhase = ActiveRedisClockFence['phase'];
+
+const ensureRedisClockFence = async (
+    redis: ClockFenceRedis,
+    profileName: string,
+    gameTime: CurrentGameTime,
+    allowedPhases: readonly GameClockPhase[]
+): Promise<ActiveRedisClockFence | null> => {
+    if (
+        !gameTime.phase ||
+        !allowedPhases.includes(gameTime.phase) ||
+        (gameTime.phase !== 'RUNNING' && gameTime.phase !== 'MANUAL' && gameTime.phase !== 'SUSPENDED') ||
+        !Number.isSafeInteger(gameTime.revision) ||
+        !Number.isSafeInteger(gameTime.deadlineGeneration)
+    ) {
+        return null;
+    }
+    const phase: MutableProjectionPhase = gameTime.phase;
+    const fence: ActiveRedisClockFence = {
+        activeRevisionKey: `sammo:${profileName}:clock:active-revision`,
+        deadlineGenerationKey: `sammo:${profileName}:clock:deadline-generation`,
+        phaseKey: `sammo:${profileName}:clock:phase`,
+        revision: gameTime.revision!,
+        generation: gameTime.deadlineGeneration!,
+        phase,
+    };
+    const result = await redis.eval(BOOTSTRAP_CLOCK_FENCE_SCRIPT, {
+        keys: [fence.activeRevisionKey, fence.deadlineGenerationKey, fence.phaseKey],
+        arguments: [String(fence.revision), String(fence.generation), phase],
+    });
+    return Number(result) === 1 || Number(result) === 2 ? fence : null;
+};
+
+export const ensureActiveRedisClockFence = async (
+    redis: ClockFenceRedis,
+    profileName: string,
+    gameTime: CurrentGameTime
+): Promise<ActiveRedisClockFence | null> => {
+    return ensureRedisClockFence(redis, profileName, gameTime, ['RUNNING']);
+};
+
+/**
+ * User betting is allowed against a frozen tournament deadline while the game
+ * clock is suspended. Stage progression and settlement continue to use the
+ * RUNNING-only helper above.
+ */
+export const ensureBettingRedisClockFence = async (
+    redis: ClockFenceRedis,
+    profileName: string,
+    gameTime: CurrentGameTime
+): Promise<ActiveRedisClockFence | null> =>
+    ensureRedisClockFence(redis, profileName, gameTime, ['RUNNING', 'MANUAL', 'SUSPENDED']);

app/game-api/src/services/turnEngineStatus.ts

@@ -1,32 +1,37 @@
+import { performance } from 'node:perf_hooks';
+
 import { gatewayProfileCapabilities } from '@sammo-ts/common';
+import { GamePrisma } from '@sammo-ts/infra';
 
 import type { ProfileStatusSource } from '../auth/profileStatusSource.js';
 
 interface TurnDaemonLeaseSource {
-    turnDaemonLease: {
-        findUnique(input: {
-            where: { profile: string };
-            select: { leaseUntil: true };
-        }): Promise<{ leaseUntil: Date } | null>;
-    };
+    $queryRaw<T>(query: GamePrisma.Sql): Promise<T>;
 }
 
 export const loadTurnEngineRunning = async (
     source: ProfileStatusSource | undefined,
     db: TurnDaemonLeaseSource,
     profileName: string,
-    now = new Date()
+    now?: Date
 ): Promise<boolean | null> => {
     if (!source) return null;
     try {
         const status = await source.get(profileName);
         if (status === null) return null;
         if (!gatewayProfileCapabilities(status).turnsRunning) return false;
-        const lease = await db.turnDaemonLease.findUnique({
-            where: { profile: profileName },
-            select: { leaseUntil: true },
-        });
-        return lease !== null && lease.leaseUntil.getTime() > now.getTime();
+        const wallNow = now
+            ? GamePrisma.sql`${now}`
+            : GamePrisma.sql`(CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC')`;
+        const rows = await db.$queryRaw<Array<{ running: boolean }>>(GamePrisma.sql`
+            SELECT EXISTS (
+                SELECT 1
+                FROM turn_daemon_lease
+                WHERE profile = ${profileName}
+                  AND lease_until > ${wallNow}
+            ) AS running
+        `);
+        return rows[0]?.running ?? false;
     } catch {
         return null;
     }
@@ -42,7 +47,7 @@ export class CachedTurnEngineStatus {
         private readonly db: TurnDaemonLeaseSource,
         private readonly profileName: string,
         private readonly cacheMs = 2_000,
-        private readonly now = () => Date.now()
+        private readonly now = () => performance.now()
     ) {}
 
     get(): Promise<boolean | null> {

app/game-api/src/services/wallClock.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+import { GamePrisma } from '@sammo-ts/infra';
+
+import type { DatabaseClient } from '../context.js';
+
+/** Reads the authoritative PostgreSQL UTC wall instant for business rules. */
+export const readDatabaseWallTime = async (db: Pick<DatabaseClient, '$queryRaw'>): Promise<Date> => {
+    const rows = await db.$queryRaw<Array<{ wallNow: Date }>>(GamePrisma.sql`
+        SELECT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' AS "wallNow"
+    `);
+    const wallNow = rows[0]?.wallNow;
+    if (!wallNow) throw new Error('Failed to read PostgreSQL wall time.');
+    return new Date(wallNow);
+};

app/game-api/src/services/webPushOutboxWorker.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { createHmac, randomUUID } from 'node:crypto';
+import { performance } from 'node:perf_hooks';
 
 import type { WebPushEventEnvelopeV1, WebPushEventType } from '@sammo-ts/common';
 import { GamePrisma, type GamePrismaClient } from '@sammo-ts/infra';
@@ -55,10 +56,13 @@ export class WebPushOutboxWorker {
             `);
             if (rows.length === 0) return [];
             const ids = rows.map((row) => row.id);
-            await tx.webPushOutbox.updateMany({
-                where: { id: { in: ids } },
-                data: { lockedAt: new Date(), lockOwner: this.owner, attempts: { increment: 1 } },
-            });
+            await tx.$executeRaw(GamePrisma.sql`
+                UPDATE "web_push_outbox"
+                SET "locked_at" = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC',
+                    "lock_owner" = ${this.owner},
+                    "attempts" = "attempts" + 1
+                WHERE "id" IN (${GamePrisma.join(ids)})
+            `);
             return tx.webPushOutbox.findMany({
                 where: { id: { in: ids }, lockOwner: this.owner },
                 orderBy: { id: 'asc' },
@@ -66,11 +70,18 @@ export class WebPushOutboxWorker {
         });
 
         for (const event of claimed) {
-            if (event.createdAt.getTime() <= Date.now() - MAX_EVENT_AGE_MS) {
-                await this.db.webPushOutbox.updateMany({
-                    where: { id: event.id, lockOwner: this.owner },
-                    data: { deliveredAt: new Date(), lockedAt: null, lockOwner: null, lastError: null },
-                });
+            const expired = await this.db.$executeRaw(GamePrisma.sql`
+                UPDATE "web_push_outbox"
+                SET "delivered_at" = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC',
+                    "locked_at" = NULL,
+                    "lock_owner" = NULL,
+                    "last_error" = NULL
+                WHERE "id" = ${event.id}
+                  AND "lock_owner" = ${this.owner}
+                  AND "created_at" <= (CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC')
+                      - ${MAX_EVENT_AGE_MS} * INTERVAL '1 millisecond'
+            `);
+            if (expired > 0) {
                 continue;
             }
             try {
@@ -94,27 +105,32 @@ export class WebPushOutboxWorker {
                     signal: AbortSignal.timeout(5_000),
                 });
                 if (!response.ok) throw new Error(`Gateway web push ingest failed with HTTP ${response.status}.`);
-                await this.db.webPushOutbox.updateMany({
-                    where: { id: event.id, lockOwner: this.owner },
-                    data: { deliveredAt: new Date(), lockedAt: null, lockOwner: null, lastError: null },
-                });
+                await this.db.$executeRaw(GamePrisma.sql`
+                    UPDATE "web_push_outbox"
+                    SET "delivered_at" = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC',
+                        "locked_at" = NULL,
+                        "lock_owner" = NULL,
+                        "last_error" = NULL
+                    WHERE "id" = ${event.id} AND "lock_owner" = ${this.owner}
+                `);
             } catch (error) {
                 const attempts = event.attempts;
                 const delaySeconds = Math.min(300, 2 ** Math.min(attempts, 8));
-                await this.db.webPushOutbox.updateMany({
-                    where: { id: event.id, lockOwner: this.owner },
-                    data: {
-                        availableAt: new Date(Date.now() + delaySeconds * 1_000),
-                        lockedAt: null,
-                        lockOwner: null,
-                        lastError: (error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)).slice(0, 500),
-                    },
-                });
+                const errorText = (error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)).slice(0, 500);
+                await this.db.$executeRaw(GamePrisma.sql`
+                    UPDATE "web_push_outbox"
+                    SET "available_at" = (CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC')
+                            + ${delaySeconds * 1_000} * INTERVAL '1 millisecond',
+                        "locked_at" = NULL,
+                        "lock_owner" = NULL,
+                        "last_error" = ${errorText}
+                    WHERE "id" = ${event.id} AND "lock_owner" = ${this.owner}
+                `);
                 this.onError(error);
             }
         }
-        if (Date.now() >= this.nextPruneAt) {
-            this.nextPruneAt = Date.now() + 60_000;
+        if (performance.now() >= this.nextPruneAt) {
+            this.nextPruneAt = performance.now() + 60_000;
             await this.db.$executeRaw(GamePrisma.sql`
                 WITH expired AS (
                     SELECT "id"

app/game-api/src/tournament/keys.ts

@@ -8,6 +8,9 @@ export interface TournamentKeys {
     sourceRevisionKey: string;
     sourceRevisionChannel: string;
     realtimeEventChannel: string;
+    activeClockRevisionKey: string;
+    deadlineGenerationKey: string;
+    clockPhaseKey: string;
 }
 
 export const buildTournamentKeys = (profileName: string): TournamentKeys => ({
@@ -18,4 +21,7 @@ export const buildTournamentKeys = (profileName: string): TournamentKeys => ({
     sourceRevisionKey: `sammo:${profileName}:tournament:source-revision`,
     sourceRevisionChannel: `sammo:${profileName}:tournament:source-changed`,
     realtimeEventChannel: buildGameEventChannel(profileName),
+    activeClockRevisionKey: `sammo:${profileName}:clock:active-revision`,
+    deadlineGenerationKey: `sammo:${profileName}:clock:deadline-generation`,
+    clockPhaseKey: `sammo:${profileName}:clock:phase`,
 });

app/game-api/src/tournament/store.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { randomUUID } from 'node:crypto';
-import { parseTournamentSourceRevision, writeTournamentProjection } from '@sammo-ts/common';
+import { performance } from 'node:perf_hooks';
+import { parseTournamentSourceRevision, writeTournamentProjection, type TournamentClockFence } from '@sammo-ts/common';
 import { z } from 'zod';
 
 import type { TournamentKeys } from './keys.js';
@@ -37,8 +38,12 @@ const zTournamentState = z
         openMonth: z.number().int(),
         termSeconds: z.number(),
         nextAt: z.string(),
+        nextTick: z.number().int().safe().optional(),
+        clockRevision: z.number().int().positive().safe().optional(),
+        deadlineGeneration: z.number().int().positive().safe().optional(),
         bettingId: z.number().int().optional(),
         bettingCloseAt: z.string().optional(),
+        bettingCloseTick: z.number().int().safe().optional(),
         winnerId: z.number().int().optional(),
         bettingSettled: z.boolean().optional(),
         rewardSettled: z.boolean().optional(),
@@ -131,12 +136,62 @@ const parseProjection = <T>(raw: string | null, key: string, schema: z.ZodType<T
     return parsed.data;
 };
 
+export interface TournamentClockContext {
+    phase: 'RUNNING' | 'MANUAL' | 'SUSPENDED';
+    revision: number;
+    deadlineGeneration: number;
+    dateToTick(date: Date): number | null;
+}
+
+const parseDeadlineTick = (value: string, context: TournamentClockContext, field: string): number => {
+    const date = new Date(value);
+    if (Number.isNaN(date.getTime())) {
+        throw new Error(`Tournament ${field} is not a valid instant.`);
+    }
+    const tick = context.dateToTick(date);
+    if (tick === null || !Number.isSafeInteger(tick)) {
+        throw new Error(`Tournament ${field} cannot be represented in the active game clock.`);
+    }
+    return tick;
+};
+
+export const stampTournamentClock = (state: TournamentState, context: TournamentClockContext): TournamentState => ({
+    ...state,
+    nextTick: parseDeadlineTick(state.nextAt, context, 'nextAt'),
+    clockRevision: context.revision,
+    deadlineGeneration: context.deadlineGeneration,
+    ...(state.bettingCloseAt
+        ? { bettingCloseTick: parseDeadlineTick(state.bettingCloseAt, context, 'bettingCloseAt') }
+        : { bettingCloseTick: undefined }),
+});
+
+const toClockFence = (keys: TournamentKeys, context: TournamentClockContext): TournamentClockFence => ({
+    activeRevisionKey: keys.activeClockRevisionKey,
+    deadlineGenerationKey: keys.deadlineGenerationKey,
+    phaseKey: keys.clockPhaseKey,
+    revision: context.revision,
+    deadlineGeneration: context.deadlineGeneration,
+    phase: context.phase,
+});
+
 export class TournamentStore {
+    private clockContext: TournamentClockContext | null = null;
+
     constructor(
         private readonly redis: RedisClientLike,
         private readonly keys: TournamentKeys
     ) {}
 
+    async withClockContext<T>(context: TournamentClockContext, operation: () => Promise<T>): Promise<T> {
+        const previous = this.clockContext;
+        this.clockContext = context;
+        try {
+            return await operation();
+        } finally {
+            this.clockContext = previous;
+        }
+    }
+
     async withMutationLock<T>(operation: () => Promise<T>, timeoutMs = 2_000): Promise<T> {
         if (!this.redis.del) {
             return operation();
@@ -144,8 +199,8 @@ export class TournamentStore {
 
         const lockKey = `${this.keys.stateKey}:mutation-lock`;
         const token = randomUUID();
-        const deadline = Date.now() + timeoutMs;
-        while (Date.now() < deadline) {
+        const deadline = performance.now() + timeoutMs;
+        while (performance.now() < deadline) {
             const acquired = await this.redis.set(lockKey, token, { NX: true, PX: 30_000 });
             if (acquired) {
                 try {
@@ -174,11 +229,15 @@ export class TournamentStore {
     }
 
     private async writeWithSourceRevision(key: string, value: unknown): Promise<string> {
-        return writeTournamentProjection(this.redis, this.keys, [{ key, value }]);
+        const fence = this.clockContext ? toClockFence(this.keys, this.clockContext) : undefined;
+        return writeTournamentProjection(this.redis, this.keys, [{ key, value }], fence);
     }
 
     async setState(state: TournamentState): Promise<string> {
-        return this.writeWithSourceRevision(this.keys.stateKey, state);
+        return this.writeWithSourceRevision(
+            this.keys.stateKey,
+            this.clockContext ? stampTournamentClock(state, this.clockContext) : state
+        );
     }
 
     async getParticipants(): Promise<TournamentParticipantEntry[]> {

app/game-api/src/tournament/types.ts

@@ -9,8 +9,12 @@ export interface TournamentState {
     openMonth: number;
     termSeconds: number;
     nextAt: string;
+    nextTick?: number;
+    clockRevision?: number;
+    deadlineGeneration?: number;
     bettingId?: number;
     bettingCloseAt?: string;
+    bettingCloseTick?: number;
     winnerId?: number;
     bettingSettled?: boolean;
     rewardSettled?: boolean;

app/game-api/src/tournament/worker.ts

@@ -13,9 +13,10 @@ import { DatabaseTurnDaemonTransport } from '../daemon/databaseTransport.js';
 import { createBestEffortResourceCloser } from '../services/bestEffortResourceCloser.js';
 import { loadCurrentGameTime } from '../services/gameClock.js';
 import { createPollingWorkerControl, waitForWorkerPoll } from '../services/pollingWorkerLifecycle.js';
+import { ensureActiveRedisClockFence } from '../services/redisClockFence.js';
 import type { TurnDaemonTransport } from '../daemon/transport.js';
 import { buildTournamentKeys } from './keys.js';
-import { TournamentStore } from './store.js';
+import { TournamentStore, stampTournamentClock, type TournamentClockContext } from './store.js';
 import type { TournamentMatchEntry, TournamentState } from './types.js';
 import {
     applyGroupMatch,
@@ -595,41 +596,63 @@ export const processTournamentTick = async (options: {
     prisma: GamePrismaClient;
     daemonTransport: TurnDaemonTransport;
     now?: () => number;
+    clockContext?: TournamentClockContext;
 }): Promise<TournamentState | null> => {
     const { store, prisma, daemonTransport } = options;
     const now = options.now ?? Date.now;
     let processedState: TournamentState | null = null;
 
-    await store.withMutationLock(async () => {
-        const state = await store.getState();
-        if (!state || (!state.auto && !needsSettlement(state))) {
-            return;
-        }
-        const nextAt = new Date(state.nextAt).getTime();
-        if (state.auto && Number.isFinite(nextAt) && nextAt > now()) {
-            return;
-        }
+    const processWithLock = async (): Promise<void> =>
+        store.withMutationLock(async () => {
+            const state = await store.getState();
+            if (!state || (!state.auto && !needsSettlement(state))) {
+                return;
+            }
+            if (
+                options.clockContext &&
+                (state.clockRevision !== options.clockContext.revision ||
+                    state.deadlineGeneration !== options.clockContext.deadlineGeneration)
+            ) {
+                throw new Error('Tournament state does not match the active clock revision.');
+            }
+            const nextAt = new Date(state.nextAt).getTime();
+            const notDue = options.clockContext
+                ? !Number.isSafeInteger(state.nextTick) ||
+                  state.nextTick! > options.clockContext.dateToTick(new Date(now()))!
+                : Number.isFinite(nextAt) && nextAt > now();
+            if (state.auto && notDue) {
+                if (options.clockContext && !Number.isSafeInteger(state.nextTick)) {
+                    throw new Error('Active tournament nextAt lacks the authoritative nextTick dual-write.');
+                }
+                return;
+            }
 
-        if (needsSettlement(state)) {
-            processedState = (await settleTournamentOutcome({ store, daemonTransport, state })) ?? state;
-            return;
-        }
+            if (needsSettlement(state)) {
+                processedState = (await settleTournamentOutcome({ store, daemonTransport, state })) ?? state;
+                return;
+            }
 
-        const worldState = await prisma.worldState.findFirst();
-        const baseSeed = (worldState?.meta as Record<string, unknown> | null)?.hiddenSeed ?? 'tournament';
-        let nextState = state;
-        if (isBattleStage(state.stage)) {
-            nextState = await applyBattle(store, state, String(baseSeed), daemonTransport);
-        } else if (isPreBattleStage(state.stage)) {
-            nextState = await applyPreBattleStage(store, prisma, state, String(baseSeed), daemonTransport, now);
-        }
-        processedState =
-            (await settleTournamentOutcome({
-                store,
-                daemonTransport,
-                state: nextState,
-            })) ?? nextState;
-    });
+            const worldState = await prisma.worldState.findFirst();
+            const baseSeed = (worldState?.meta as Record<string, unknown> | null)?.hiddenSeed ?? 'tournament';
+            let nextState = state;
+            if (isBattleStage(state.stage)) {
+                nextState = await applyBattle(store, state, String(baseSeed), daemonTransport);
+            } else if (isPreBattleStage(state.stage)) {
+                nextState = await applyPreBattleStage(store, prisma, state, String(baseSeed), daemonTransport, now);
+            }
+            processedState =
+                (await settleTournamentOutcome({
+                    store,
+                    daemonTransport,
+                    state: nextState,
+                })) ?? nextState;
+        });
+
+    if (options.clockContext) {
+        await store.withClockContext(options.clockContext, processWithLock);
+    } else {
+        await processWithLock();
+    }
 
     return processedState;
 };
@@ -656,16 +679,60 @@ export const runTournamentWorker = async (options: TournamentWorkerOptions = {})
 
     try {
         while (!control.signal.aborted) {
-            const state = await store.getState();
+            let state = await store.getState();
             if (!state || (!state.auto && !needsSettlement(state))) {
                 await waitForWorkerPoll(control.signal, config.tournamentPollMs);
                 continue;
             }
 
+            const gameTime = await loadCurrentGameTime(postgres.prisma);
+            if (gameTime.phase && gameTime.phase !== 'RUNNING') {
+                await waitForWorkerPoll(control.signal, config.tournamentPollMs);
+                continue;
+            }
+            const clockFence = gameTime.phase
+                ? await ensureActiveRedisClockFence(redis.client, config.profileName, gameTime)
+                : null;
+            if (gameTime.phase && !clockFence) {
+                await waitForWorkerPoll(control.signal, config.tournamentPollMs);
+                continue;
+            }
+            const clockContext: TournamentClockContext | undefined = clockFence
+                ? {
+                      phase: 'RUNNING',
+                      revision: clockFence.revision,
+                      deadlineGeneration: clockFence.generation,
+                      dateToTick: gameTime.dateToTick,
+                  }
+                : undefined;
+            if (
+                clockContext &&
+                (!Number.isSafeInteger(state.nextTick) ||
+                    state.clockRevision === undefined ||
+                    state.deadlineGeneration === undefined)
+            ) {
+                state = stampTournamentClock(state, clockContext);
+                await store.withClockContext(clockContext, () => store.setState(state!));
+            }
+            if (
+                clockContext &&
+                (state.clockRevision !== clockContext.revision ||
+                    state.deadlineGeneration !== clockContext.deadlineGeneration)
+            ) {
+                await waitForWorkerPoll(control.signal, config.tournamentPollMs);
+                continue;
+            }
+
             const nextAt = new Date(state.nextAt).getTime();
-            const gameNow = (await loadCurrentGameTime(postgres.prisma)).now.getTime();
-            if (state.auto && Number.isFinite(nextAt) && nextAt > gameNow) {
-                await waitForWorkerPoll(control.signal, Math.min(config.tournamentPollMs, nextAt - gameNow));
+            const gameNow = gameTime.now.getTime();
+            const notDue = clockContext
+                ? state.nextTick! > gameTime.tick!
+                : Number.isFinite(nextAt) && nextAt > gameNow;
+            if (state.auto && notDue) {
+                await waitForWorkerPoll(
+                    control.signal,
+                    Math.min(config.tournamentPollMs, Math.max(1, nextAt - gameNow))
+                );
                 continue;
             }
 
@@ -675,6 +742,7 @@ export const runTournamentWorker = async (options: TournamentWorkerOptions = {})
                     prisma: postgres.prisma,
                     daemonTransport,
                     now: () => gameNow,
+                    clockContext,
                 });
             } catch (error) {
                 const message = error instanceof Error ? error.message : 'Unknown error';
@@ -700,7 +768,11 @@ export const runTournamentWorker = async (options: TournamentWorkerOptions = {})
                     lastError: message,
                     lastErrorAt: failedAt,
                 };
-                await store.setState(nextState);
+                if (clockContext) {
+                    await store.withClockContext(clockContext, () => store.setState(nextState));
+                } else {
+                    await store.setState(nextState);
+                }
             }
 
             await waitForWorkerPoll(control.signal, config.tournamentPollMs);

app/game-api/src/tournament/workerHelpers.ts

@@ -37,7 +37,10 @@ export const nextStage = (stage: number): number => {
 
 const resolveScheduledBaseMs = (state: TournamentState): number => {
     const scheduled = new Date(state.nextAt).getTime();
-    return Number.isFinite(scheduled) ? scheduled : Date.now();
+    if (!Number.isFinite(scheduled)) {
+        throw new Error('Tournament GAME_TIME schedule is invalid.');
+    }
+    return scheduled;
 };
 
 export const resolveNextAt = (state: TournamentState): string =>

app/game-api/src/trpc.ts

@@ -62,61 +62,68 @@ const generalActivityMiddleware = t.middleware(async ({ ctx, type, next }) => {
 export const scopeApiInputEventRequestId = (baseRequestId: string, path: string, batchIndex: number): string =>
     `${baseRequestId}:${path}${batchIndex === 0 ? '' : `:batch:${batchIndex}`}`;
 
-const inputEventMiddleware = t.middleware(async ({ ctx, type, path, batchIndex, getRawInput, next }) => {
-    if (type !== 'mutation' || !ctx.db.$transaction) {
-        return next();
-    }
+const createInputEventMiddleware = (acquireClockFence: boolean) =>
+    t.middleware(async ({ ctx, type, path, batchIndex, getRawInput, next }) => {
+        if (type !== 'mutation' || !ctx.db.$transaction) {
+            return next();
+        }
 
-    const requestId = scopeApiInputEventRequestId(ctx.requestId ?? randomUUID(), path, batchIndex);
-    const payload = await getRawInput();
-    const changeJournal = new ChangeJournal();
-    let journalPersisted = false;
-    let executedResult: Awaited<ReturnType<typeof next>> | undefined;
-    try {
-        const response = await executeInputEvent({
-            db: ctx.db,
-            requestId,
-            eventType: path,
-            payload,
-            actorUserId: ctx.auth?.user.id,
-            execute: async (transaction) => {
-                const result = await next({
-                    ctx: {
-                        ...ctx,
-                        db: transaction,
-                        changeJournal,
-                        turnDaemon: new IdempotentTurnDaemonTransport(ctx.turnDaemon, requestId),
-                    },
-                });
-                if (!result.ok) {
-                    throw result.error;
-                }
-                journalPersisted = Boolean(await writeReadModelChangeJournal(transaction, changeJournal.snapshot()));
-                executedResult = result;
-                return result.data;
-            },
-        });
-        if (journalPersisted) {
-            ctx.readModelOutbox?.wake();
-        }
-        if (executedResult) {
-            return executedResult;
-        }
-        return {
-            marker: middlewareMarker,
-            ok: true,
-            data: response,
-        };
-    } catch (error) {
-        if (error instanceof DuplicateInputEventError) {
-            throw new TRPCError({
-                code: 'CONFLICT',
-                message: error.message,
+        const requestId = scopeApiInputEventRequestId(ctx.requestId ?? randomUUID(), path, batchIndex);
+        const payload = await getRawInput();
+        const changeJournal = new ChangeJournal();
+        let journalPersisted = false;
+        let executedResult: Awaited<ReturnType<typeof next>> | undefined;
+        try {
+            const response = await executeInputEvent({
+                db: ctx.db,
+                requestId,
+                eventType: path,
+                payload,
+                actorUserId: ctx.auth?.user.id,
+                acquireClockFence,
+                execute: async (transaction) => {
+                    const result = await next({
+                        ctx: {
+                            ...ctx,
+                            db: transaction,
+                            changeJournal,
+                            turnDaemon: new IdempotentTurnDaemonTransport(ctx.turnDaemon, requestId),
+                        },
+                    });
+                    if (!result.ok) {
+                        throw result.error;
+                    }
+                    journalPersisted = Boolean(
+                        await writeReadModelChangeJournal(transaction, changeJournal.snapshot())
+                    );
+                    executedResult = result;
+                    return result.data;
+                },
             });
+            if (journalPersisted) {
+                ctx.readModelOutbox?.wake();
+            }
+            if (executedResult) {
+                return executedResult;
+            }
+            return {
+                marker: middlewareMarker,
+                ok: true,
+                data: response,
+            };
+        } catch (error) {
+            if (error instanceof DuplicateInputEventError) {
+                throw new TRPCError({
+                    code: 'CONFLICT',
+                    message: error.message,
+                });
+            }
+            throw error;
         }
-        throw error;
-    }
-});
+    });
+
+const inputEventMiddleware = createInputEventMiddleware(true);
+const wallInputEventMiddleware = createInputEventMiddleware(false);
 
 const generalAccessEndpointMiddleware = t.middleware(async ({ ctx, path, input, next }) => {
     // 실제 HTTP context는 createGameApiContext()가 이 flag를 설정한다.
@@ -180,10 +187,15 @@ const deferredGeneralAccessLimitMiddleware = t.middleware(async ({ ctx, next })
 
 export const router = t.router;
 export const procedure = t.procedure.use(inputEventMiddleware);
+export const wallProcedure = t.procedure.use(wallInputEventMiddleware);
 export const authedProcedure: typeof procedure = t.procedure
     .use(requireAuthMiddleware)
     .use(generalActivityMiddleware)
     .use(inputEventMiddleware);
+export const wallAuthedProcedure: typeof procedure = t.procedure
+    .use(requireAuthMiddleware)
+    .use(generalActivityMiddleware)
+    .use(wallInputEventMiddleware);
 
 // Ref의 increaseRefresh()는 로그인/제재 확인 뒤, 업무 validation과 mutation
 // transaction보다 먼저 별도 저장된다. access middleware를 input-event보다
@@ -234,6 +246,13 @@ export const accessAuthedInputProcedure: typeof procedure.input = (input) =>
         .use(generalAccessEndpointMiddleware)
         .use(generalActivityMiddleware)
         .use(inputEventMiddleware);
+export const accessWallAuthedInputProcedure: typeof procedure.input = (input) =>
+    t.procedure
+        .use(requireAuthMiddleware)
+        .input(input)
+        .use(generalAccessEndpointMiddleware)
+        .use(generalActivityMiddleware)
+        .use(wallInputEventMiddleware);
 export const accessEngineAuthedInputProcedure: typeof procedure.input = (input) =>
     t.procedure
         .use(requireAuthMiddleware)

app/game-api/src/turns/commandInput.ts

@@ -80,6 +80,7 @@ export interface TurnCommandInputField {
     min?: number;
     max?: number;
     step?: number;
+    defaultValue?: TurnCommandOptionValue | boolean;
     constValue?: TurnCommandOptionValue;
     options?: TurnCommandOption[];
     optionSource?: TurnCommandOptionSource;

app/game-api/src/turns/commandTable.ts

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ import type {
     TriggerValue,
     UnitSetDefinition,
 } from '@sammo-ts/logic';
-import { evaluateConstraints, LEGACY_DEFAULT_MAX_LEVEL } from '@sammo-ts/logic';
+import { evaluateConstraints, LEGACY_DEFAULT_MAX_LEVEL, resolveNonAggressionMaxEndYear } from '@sammo-ts/logic';
 import type { GeneralActionModule } from '@sammo-ts/logic/actionModules/general.js';
 import { CommandResolver as RecruitmentCommandResolver } from '@sammo-ts/logic/actions/turn/general/che_징병.js';
 import { projectItemSlots, readItemInventoryFromMeta } from '@sammo-ts/logic/items/index.js';
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ import { getTechAbility, getTechLevel, isCrewTypeAvailable } from '@sammo-ts/log
 import { asRecord, isRecord } from '@sammo-ts/common';
 
 import type { CityRow, GeneralRow, NationRow, WorldStateRow } from '../context.js';
+import { formatCrewTypeRequirement } from '../services/gameDisplayNames.js';
 import {
     buildTurnCommandInputFields,
     loadTurnCommandSpecs,
@@ -40,6 +41,7 @@ export interface TurnCommandAvailability {
     key: string;
     name: string;
     turnDurationText?: string;
+    costText?: string;
     reqArg: boolean;
     possible: boolean;
     status: AvailabilityStatus;
@@ -326,9 +328,12 @@ const resolveMaxNation = (worldState: WorldStateRow): number => {
 const buildCommandEnv = (worldState: WorldStateRow): CommandEnv => {
     const config = asRecord(worldState.config);
     const constValues = asRecord(config.const);
+    const meta = asRecord(worldState.meta);
+    const configuredDevelCost = resolveNumber(constValues, ['develCost', 'develcost', 'develrate'], 0);
 
     return {
-        develCost: resolveNumber(constValues, ['develCost', 'develcost', 'develrate'], 0),
+        // daemon은 월간 변동이 반영된 world.meta.develcost를 실행 직전에 우선한다.
+        develCost: resolveNumber(meta, ['develcost', 'develCost'], configuredDevelCost),
         trainDelta: resolveNumber(constValues, ['trainDelta'], 0),
         atmosDelta: resolveNumber(constValues, ['atmosDelta'], 0),
         trainSideEffectByAtmosTurn: resolveNumber(constValues, ['trainSideEffectByAtmosTurn'], 1),
@@ -554,7 +559,10 @@ export const buildRecruitmentCommandInfo = (options: {
                     avoid: crewType.avoid,
                     baseCost: displayCost.gold,
                     baseRice: displayCost.rice,
-                    info: [...crewType.info],
+                    info: [
+                        ...crewType.info,
+                        ...crewType.requirements.map(formatCrewTypeRequirement).filter(Boolean),
+                    ],
                 };
             }),
     }));
@@ -646,6 +654,40 @@ const evaluateDefinition = (
     return evaluateAvailability(constraints, ctx, view, reqArg);
 };
 
+const readNextAvailableTurn = (meta: Readonly<Record<string, unknown>>, actionName: string): number | null => {
+    const raw = meta[`next_execute_${actionName}`];
+    if (typeof raw === 'number' && Number.isFinite(raw)) return Math.floor(raw);
+    if (typeof raw === 'string') {
+        const parsed = Number(raw);
+        return Number.isFinite(parsed) ? Math.floor(parsed) : null;
+    }
+    return null;
+};
+
+const evaluateCooldown = (
+    definition: GeneralActionDefinition,
+    scope: 'general' | 'nation',
+    ctx: ConstraintContext,
+    view: StateView,
+    currentYearMonth: number
+): AvailabilityCore | null => {
+    const owner =
+        scope === 'general'
+            ? (view.get({ kind: 'general', id: ctx.actorId }) as General | null)
+            : ctx.nationId === undefined
+              ? null
+              : (view.get({ kind: 'nation', id: ctx.nationId }) as Nation | null);
+    if (!owner) return null;
+
+    const nextAvailableTurn = readNextAvailableTurn(owner.meta, definition.name);
+    if (nextAvailableTurn === null || currentYearMonth >= nextAvailableTurn) return null;
+    return {
+        possible: false,
+        status: 'blocked',
+        reason: `${nextAvailableTurn - currentYearMonth}턴 더 기다려야 합니다`,
+    };
+};
+
 const pickAvailability = (lhs: AvailabilityCore, rhs: AvailabilityCore): AvailabilityCore =>
     AVAILABILITY_PRIORITY[lhs.status] >= AVAILABILITY_PRIORITY[rhs.status] ? lhs : rhs;
 
@@ -656,18 +698,33 @@ const FOUNDING_COMMAND_KEYS = new Set(['che_건국', 'cr_건국', 'che_무작위
 const buildEntries = (
     env: CommandEnv,
     specs: TurnCommandSpec[],
-    options: { foundingAvailable?: boolean } = {}
+    options: { foundingAvailable?: boolean; currentYear?: number; currentMonth?: number } = {}
 ): CommandEntry[] => {
     const entries: CommandEntry[] = [];
 
     for (const spec of specs) {
         const definition = spec.createDefinition(env);
+        const inputFields = buildTurnCommandInputFields(spec).map((field) => {
+            if (spec.key !== 'che_불가침제의') return field;
+            if (field.key === 'year' && options.currentYear !== undefined) {
+                return {
+                    ...field,
+                    min: options.currentYear + 1,
+                    max: resolveNonAggressionMaxEndYear(options.currentYear),
+                    defaultValue: options.currentYear + 1,
+                };
+            }
+            if (field.key === 'month' && options.currentMonth !== undefined) {
+                return { ...field, defaultValue: options.currentMonth };
+            }
+            return field;
+        });
         const entry: CommandEntry = {
             category: spec.category,
             definition,
             reqArg: spec.reqArg,
             availabilityArgs: spec.reqArg ? spec.availabilityArgs : {},
-            inputFields: buildTurnCommandInputFields(spec),
+            inputFields,
         };
 
         if (spec.key === 'che_포상') {
@@ -711,23 +768,85 @@ const getTurnDurationText = (definition: GeneralActionDefinition): string | unde
     return preReqTurn > 0 ? `${preReqTurn + 1}턴` : undefined;
 };
 
+const formatCost = (gold: number | undefined, rice: number | undefined): string | undefined => {
+    const parts = [
+        gold && gold > 0 ? `금 ${gold.toLocaleString('ko-KR')}` : null,
+        rice && rice > 0 ? `쌀 ${rice.toLocaleString('ko-KR')}` : null,
+    ].filter((part): part is string => part !== null);
+    return parts.length > 0 ? parts.join(' · ') : undefined;
+};
+
+const getCommandCostText = (
+    entry: CommandEntry,
+    ctx: ConstraintContext,
+    view: StateView,
+    env: CommandEnv
+): string | undefined => {
+    const hint = entry.definition.getCostHint?.(ctx, view);
+    if (hint?.formula) return hint.formula;
+    const hintedCost = hint ? formatCost(hint.gold, hint.rice) : undefined;
+    if (hintedCost) return hintedCost;
+
+    const develCost = env.develCost;
+    const general = view.get({ kind: 'general', id: ctx.actorId }) as General | null;
+    switch (entry.definition.key) {
+        case 'che_단련':
+        case 'che_숙련전환':
+            return formatCost(develCost, develCost);
+        case 'che_첩보':
+            return formatCost(develCost * 3, develCost * 3);
+        case 'che_이동':
+        case 'che_인재탐색':
+            return formatCost(develCost, 0);
+        case 'che_강행':
+            return formatCost(develCost * 5, 0);
+        case 'che_사기진작':
+            return formatCost(Math.round((general?.crew ?? 0) / 100), 0);
+        case 'che_출병':
+            return formatCost(0, Math.round((general?.crew ?? 0) / 100));
+        case 'che_천도':
+            return `금·쌀 ${(develCost * 5).toLocaleString('ko-KR')} × 2^거리`;
+        case 'cr_인구이동':
+            return `금·쌀 ${develCost.toLocaleString('ko-KR')} × 인구[만]`;
+        case 'che_증축': {
+            const cost = develCost * 500 + 60_000;
+            return formatCost(cost, cost);
+        }
+        case 'che_감축': {
+            const recovery = develCost * 500 + 30_000;
+            return `금 ${recovery.toLocaleString('ko-KR')} · 쌀 ${recovery.toLocaleString('ko-KR')} 회수`;
+        }
+        default:
+            return undefined;
+    }
+};
+
 const buildGroups = (
     entries: CommandEntry[],
     ctx: ConstraintContext,
     view: StateView,
-    includeTurnDuration = false
+    includeTurnDuration = false,
+    env: CommandEnv,
+    scope: 'general' | 'nation',
+    currentYearMonth: number
 ): TurnCommandGroup[] => {
     const groups = new Map<string, TurnCommandAvailability[]>();
 
     for (const entry of entries) {
-        const availability = entry.evaluate
+        const baseAvailability = entry.evaluate
             ? entry.evaluate(ctx, view)
             : evaluateDefinition(entry.definition, ctx, view, entry.reqArg, entry.availabilityArgs);
+        const availability =
+            baseAvailability.status === 'blocked' || baseAvailability.status === 'unknown'
+                ? baseAvailability
+                : (evaluateCooldown(entry.definition, scope, ctx, view, currentYearMonth) ?? baseAvailability);
         const turnDurationText = includeTurnDuration ? getTurnDurationText(entry.definition) : undefined;
+        const costText = getCommandCostText(entry, ctx, view, env);
         const value: TurnCommandAvailability = {
             key: entry.definition.key,
             name: entry.definition.name,
             ...(turnDurationText ? { turnDurationText } : {}),
+            ...(costText ? { costText } : {}),
             reqArg: entry.reqArg,
             inputFields: entry.inputFields,
             ...availability,
@@ -785,6 +904,7 @@ export const buildTurnCommandTable = async (options: {
     /** Ref's nation-table row count. Core callers must exclude synthetic id=0. */
     realNationCount?: number;
     inputOptions?: TurnCommandInputOptions;
+    generalActionModules?: TurnCommandEnv['generalActionModules'];
 }): Promise<TurnCommandTable> => {
     // 턴 입력 화면에서 쓰는 사전 판단이므로 최소 정보로 가능/불가만 계산한다.
     const general = mapGeneralRow(options.general);
@@ -803,7 +923,10 @@ export const buildTurnCommandTable = async (options: {
         mode: 'precheck',
     };
 
-    const env = buildCommandEnv(options.worldState);
+    const env = {
+        ...buildCommandEnv(options.worldState),
+        ...(options.generalActionModules ? { generalActionModules: options.generalActionModules } : {}),
+    };
     const scenarioConst = asRecord(options.worldState.config).const;
     const {
         general: generalSpecs,
@@ -817,19 +940,30 @@ export const buildTurnCommandTable = async (options: {
                 ? undefined
                 : options.realNationCount < resolveMaxNation(options.worldState),
     });
-    const nationEntries = buildEntries(env, nationSpecs);
+    const nationEntries = buildEntries(env, nationSpecs, {
+        currentYear: options.worldState.currentYear,
+        currentMonth: options.worldState.currentMonth,
+    });
+    const currentYearMonth = options.worldState.currentYear * 12 + options.worldState.currentMonth - 1;
 
     return {
         general: buildGroups(
             projectCommandGroups(generalEntries, generalGroups ?? REF_GENERAL_COMMAND_GROUPS),
             ctx,
-            view
+            view,
+            false,
+            env,
+            'general',
+            currentYearMonth
         ),
         nation: buildGroups(
             projectCommandGroups(nationEntries, nationGroups ?? REF_NATION_COMMAND_GROUPS),
             ctx,
             view,
-            true
+            true,
+            env,
+            'nation',
+            currentYearMonth
         ),
         inputOptions: options.inputOptions ?? {
             cities: [],

app/game-api/src/turns/commandTargets.ts

@@ -56,27 +56,36 @@ export const buildRefGeneralTargetOptions = (options: {
 }): RefGeneralTargetOptions => {
     const toOption = (entry: GeneralTargetSource, action?: string): TurnCommandOption => {
         const troopName = entry.troopId ? options.troopNames?.get(entry.troopId) : undefined;
+        const cityName = options.cityNames.get(entry.cityId) ?? '재야';
+        const troopLabel = entry.troopId
+            ? `${troopName ?? `#${entry.troopId}`}${entry.troopId === entry.id ? ' (부대장)' : ''}`
+            : '부대 없음';
         const isTroopMember = Boolean(entry.troopId && entry.troopId !== entry.id);
         const isTroopExit = action === 'che_부대탈퇴지시';
         const availableNow = isTroopExit ? isTroopMember && entry.id !== options.actorId : undefined;
+        const label = (() => {
+            if (action === 'che_발령') return `${entry.name} (${troopLabel} · ${cityName})`;
+            if (action === 'che_포상' || action === 'che_몰수') return `${entry.name} (${cityName})`;
+            return `${entry.name} (${options.nationNames.get(entry.nationId) ?? '무소속'} · ${cityName})`;
+        })();
         const details = [
             entry.gold === undefined ? null : `금 ${entry.gold.toLocaleString()}`,
             entry.rice === undefined ? null : `쌀 ${entry.rice.toLocaleString()}`,
             entry.crew === undefined ? null : `병력 ${entry.crew.toLocaleString()}`,
             entry.train === undefined ? null : `훈련 ${entry.train.toLocaleString()}`,
             entry.atmos === undefined ? null : `사기 ${entry.atmos.toLocaleString()}`,
-            entry.troopId
-                ? `탑승 부대 ${troopName ?? `#${entry.troopId}`}${entry.troopId === entry.id ? ' (부대장)' : ''}`
-                : '탑승 부대 없음',
+            action === 'che_발령' || action === 'che_포상' || action === 'che_몰수'
+                ? null
+                : entry.troopId
+                  ? `탑승 부대 ${troopLabel}`
+                  : '탑승 부대 없음',
         ].filter((value): value is string => Boolean(value));
         if (isTroopExit) {
             details.unshift(availableNow ? '현재 탈퇴 지시 가능' : '현재 탈퇴 지시 불가');
         }
         return {
             value: entry.id,
-            label: `${entry.name} (${options.nationNames.get(entry.nationId) ?? '무소속'} · ${
-                options.cityNames.get(entry.cityId) ?? '재야'
-            })`,
+            label,
             description: details.join(' · '),
             ...(availableNow === undefined ? {} : { availableNow }),
             ...(entry.gold === undefined ? {} : { gold: entry.gold }),

app/game-api/test/accountIconResetReconciler.integration.test.ts

@@ -56,6 +56,14 @@ const lifecycleState: TurnWorldState = {
     currentMonth: 1,
     tickSeconds: 600,
     lastTurnTime: new Date('2026-07-31T10:00:00.000Z'),
+    clockBaseTime: new Date('2026-07-31T10:00:00.000Z'),
+    clockTick: 0,
+    clockMode: 'manual',
+    clockWallAnchor: new Date('2026-07-31T10:00:00.000Z'),
+    lastTurnTick: 0,
+    clockPhase: 'MANUAL',
+    clockRevision: 1,
+    deadlineGeneration: 1,
     meta: { killturn: 24, scenarioMeta },
 };
 const lifecycleGeneral: TurnGeneral = {
@@ -121,6 +129,14 @@ integration('account icon reset reconciliation PostgreSQL queue', () => {
                 currentYear: lifecycleState.currentYear,
                 currentMonth: lifecycleState.currentMonth,
                 tickSeconds: lifecycleState.tickSeconds,
+                clockBaseTime: lifecycleState.clockBaseTime,
+                clockTick: BigInt(lifecycleState.clockTick ?? 0),
+                clockMode: lifecycleState.clockMode ?? 'manual',
+                clockWallAnchor: lifecycleState.clockWallAnchor,
+                lastTurnTick: BigInt(lifecycleState.lastTurnTick ?? 0),
+                clockPhase: lifecycleState.clockPhase ?? 'MANUAL',
+                clockRevision: BigInt(lifecycleState.clockRevision ?? 1),
+                deadlineGeneration: BigInt(lifecycleState.deadlineGeneration ?? 1),
                 config: JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(scenarioConfig)) as GamePrisma.InputJsonValue,
                 meta: lifecycleState.meta as GamePrisma.InputJsonValue,
             },

app/game-api/test/auctionRouter.test.ts

@@ -96,6 +96,7 @@ const buildContext = (options: {
                 ok: true as const,
                 auctionId: 91,
                 closeAt: '2026-07-27T00:00:00.000Z',
+                closeTick: 200,
             };
         }
         return {
@@ -103,6 +104,7 @@ const buildContext = (options: {
             ok: true as const,
             auctionId: 91,
             closeAt: '2026-07-27T00:00:00.000Z',
+            closeTick: 200,
         };
     });
     const queryRaw = vi.fn(options.queryRaw ?? (async () => []));
@@ -112,14 +114,10 @@ const buildContext = (options: {
         currentYear: 200,
         currentMonth: 1,
         tickSeconds: 3600,
-        ...(options.clockTick === undefined
-            ? {}
-            : {
-                  clockBaseTime: new Date('2026-07-26T00:00:00.000Z'),
-                  clockTick: BigInt(options.clockTick),
-                  clockMode: 'manual',
-                  clockWallAnchor: new Date('2026-07-26T00:00:00.000Z'),
-              }),
+        clockBaseTime: new Date('2026-07-26T00:00:00.000Z'),
+        clockTick: BigInt(options.clockTick ?? 100),
+        clockMode: 'manual',
+        clockWallAnchor: new Date('2026-07-26T00:00:00.000Z'),
         config: {
             const: {
                 auctionName: ['청룡', '백호', '주작', '현무'],
@@ -194,7 +192,7 @@ describe('auction router actor and permission boundaries', () => {
                 tick: 72_000_001,
             })
         ).toBe(true);
-        expect(hasAuctionClosePassed({ closeAt, closeTick: null }, { now: closeAt, tick: null })).toBe(false);
+        expect(hasAuctionClosePassed({ closeAt, closeTick: null }, { now: closeAt, tick: null })).toBe(true);
     });
 
     it('rejects unauthenticated auction reads', async () => {
@@ -423,7 +421,6 @@ describe('auction router actor and permission boundaries', () => {
             auctionId: 31,
             generalId: 7,
             amount: 110,
-            acceptedGameTick: 100,
             tryExtendCloseDate: false,
         });
     });
@@ -441,6 +438,7 @@ describe('auction router actor and permission boundaries', () => {
                         detail: { title: '쌀 100 경매', amount: 100, startBidAmount: 500, isReverse: false },
                         status: 'OPEN',
                         closeAt: new Date(Date.now() + 60 * 60_000),
+                        closeTick: 200n,
                     },
                 ];
             }
@@ -501,7 +499,6 @@ describe('auction router actor and permission boundaries', () => {
             auctionId: 31,
             generalId: 7,
             amount: 500,
-            acceptedGameTick: 100,
             tryExtendCloseDate: true,
         });
     });

app/game-api/test/auctionWorker.integration.test.ts

@@ -74,6 +74,7 @@ liveDescribe('auction worker durable recovery', () => {
                 detail: { amount: 100 },
                 status,
                 closeAt,
+                closeTick: 0n,
                 ...(status === 'FINALIZING' ? { finalizingAt: new Date(Date.now() - 30_000) } : {}),
             },
         });
@@ -82,11 +83,15 @@ liveDescribe('auction worker durable recovery', () => {
         return auction;
     };
 
-    const requestIdFor = (auction: { id: number; closeAt: Date; closeTick?: bigint | null }): string =>
-        buildAuctionFinalizeRequestId(auction.id, {
+    const requestIdFor = (auction: { id: number; closeAt: Date; closeTick?: bigint | null }): string => {
+        if (auction.closeTick === null || auction.closeTick === undefined) {
+            throw new Error(`auction ${auction.id} fixture requires closeTick`);
+        }
+        return buildAuctionFinalizeRequestId(auction.id, {
             closeAt: auction.closeAt,
-            closeTick: auction.closeTick ?? null,
+            closeTick: auction.closeTick,
         });
+    };
 
     const memoryRedis = () => ({
         zRangeByScore: vi.fn(async () => []),
@@ -108,6 +113,7 @@ liveDescribe('auction worker durable recovery', () => {
                 historyKey: 'history',
                 id: String(auction.id),
                 nowMs: Date.now(),
+                nowTick: 0,
             })
         ).resolves.toBe('PENDING');
         await expect(
@@ -118,6 +124,7 @@ liveDescribe('auction worker durable recovery', () => {
                 historyKey: 'history',
                 id: String(auction.id),
                 nowMs: Date.now(),
+                nowTick: 0,
             })
         ).resolves.toBe('PENDING');
 
@@ -160,6 +167,7 @@ liveDescribe('auction worker durable recovery', () => {
                 historyKey: 'history',
                 id: String(auction.id),
                 nowMs: Date.now(),
+                nowTick: 0,
             })
         ).rejects.toThrow(`Conflicting durable auction finalization event: ${requestId}`);
 
@@ -180,7 +188,13 @@ liveDescribe('auction worker durable recovery', () => {
                 requestId,
                 target: 'ENGINE',
                 eventType: 'auctionFinalize',
-                payload: { type: 'auctionFinalize', requestId, auctionId: auction.id },
+                payload: {
+                    type: 'auctionFinalize',
+                    requestId,
+                    auctionId: auction.id,
+                    expectedCloseAt: auction.closeAt.toISOString(),
+                    expectedCloseTick: Number(auction.closeTick),
+                },
                 status: 'FAILED',
                 attempts: 3,
                 error: 'simulated terminal failure',
@@ -196,6 +210,7 @@ liveDescribe('auction worker durable recovery', () => {
                 historyKey: 'history',
                 id: String(auction.id),
                 nowMs: Date.now(),
+                nowTick: 0,
             })
         ).resolves.toBe('PENDING');
         await expect(
@@ -206,6 +221,7 @@ liveDescribe('auction worker durable recovery', () => {
                 historyKey: 'history',
                 id: String(auction.id),
                 nowMs: Date.now(),
+                nowTick: 0,
             })
         ).resolves.toBe('PENDING');
         await expect(
@@ -230,13 +246,14 @@ liveDescribe('auction worker durable recovery', () => {
                 historyKey: 'history',
                 id: String(auction.id),
                 nowMs: Date.now(),
+                nowTick: 0,
             })
         ).rejects.toThrow(`Auction finalization recovery exhausted: ${auction.id}`);
     });
 
     it('creates a new generation after an earlier close was extended', async () => {
         const auction = await createAuction('OPEN');
-        const priorRequestId = `auction:finalize:${auction.id}:${auction.closeAt.getTime() - 300_000}`;
+        const priorRequestId = `auction:finalize:${auction.id}:tick:-1`;
         await connector.prisma.inputEvent.create({
             data: {
                 requestId: priorRequestId,
@@ -263,6 +280,7 @@ liveDescribe('auction worker durable recovery', () => {
                 historyKey: 'history',
                 id: String(auction.id),
                 nowMs: Date.now(),
+                nowTick: 0,
             })
         ).resolves.toBe('PENDING');
 
@@ -299,6 +317,14 @@ liveDescribe('auction worker durable recovery', () => {
                 currentMonth: 1,
                 tickSeconds: 600,
                 lastTurnTime: new Date('2026-07-31T11:00:00.000Z'),
+                clockBaseTime: new Date('2026-07-31T11:00:00.000Z'),
+                clockTick: 0,
+                clockMode: 'realtime',
+                clockWallAnchor: new Date('2026-07-31T11:00:00.000Z'),
+                lastTurnTick: 0,
+                clockPhase: 'RUNNING',
+                clockRevision: 1,
+                deadlineGeneration: 1,
                 meta: { killturn: 24, scenarioMeta },
             };
             const buildGeneral = (options: {
@@ -381,6 +407,14 @@ liveDescribe('auction worker durable recovery', () => {
                     currentYear: state.currentYear,
                     currentMonth: state.currentMonth,
                     tickSeconds: state.tickSeconds,
+                    clockBaseTime: state.clockBaseTime,
+                    clockTick: BigInt(state.clockTick ?? 0),
+                    clockMode: state.clockMode ?? 'realtime',
+                    clockWallAnchor: state.clockWallAnchor,
+                    lastTurnTick: BigInt(state.lastTurnTick ?? 0),
+                    clockPhase: state.clockPhase ?? 'RUNNING',
+                    clockRevision: BigInt(state.clockRevision ?? 1),
+                    deadlineGeneration: BigInt(state.deadlineGeneration ?? 1),
                     config: JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(scenarioConfig)) as GamePrisma.InputJsonValue,
                     meta: state.meta as GamePrisma.InputJsonValue,
                 },
@@ -415,6 +449,8 @@ liveDescribe('auction worker durable recovery', () => {
                     amount: 200,
                     eventId: `auction-durable-bid:${auction.id}`,
                     eventAt: new Date(),
+                    occurredGameTick: 0n,
+                    requestedAtWall: new Date(),
                 },
             });
             const requestId = requestIdFor(auction);
@@ -425,6 +461,7 @@ liveDescribe('auction worker durable recovery', () => {
                 historyKey: 'history',
                 id: String(auction.id),
                 nowMs: Date.now(),
+                nowTick: 0,
             });
 
             const world = new InMemoryTurnWorld(state, snapshot, { schedule });
@@ -493,6 +530,7 @@ liveDescribe('auction worker durable recovery', () => {
                         detail: { remainCloseDateExtensionCnt: 1 },
                         status: 'OPEN',
                         closeAt: logicalPastCloseAt,
+                        closeTick: 0n,
                     },
                 });
                 extensionAuctionId = extensionAuction.id;
@@ -505,6 +543,8 @@ liveDescribe('auction worker durable recovery', () => {
                         amount: 50,
                         eventId: `auction-extension-bid:${extensionAuction.id}`,
                         eventAt: new Date(),
+                        occurredGameTick: 0n,
+                        requestedAtWall: new Date(),
                         meta: { tryExtendCloseDate: true },
                     },
                 });
@@ -516,6 +556,7 @@ liveDescribe('auction worker durable recovery', () => {
                     historyKey: 'history',
                     id: String(extensionAuction.id),
                     nowMs: Date.now(),
+                    nowTick: 0,
                 });
 
                 let reopened: { status: string; closeAt: Date } | null = null;

app/game-api/test/auctionWorker.test.ts

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
 
 import type { GamePrismaClient } from '@sammo-ts/infra';
 
-import { processDueAuctionId, reconcilePendingAuctionTimers } from '../src/auction/worker.js';
+import { popDueAuctionIds, processDueAuctionId, reconcilePendingAuctionTimers } from '../src/auction/worker.js';
 import { resolveAuctionSeedScore } from '../src/auction/scheduler.js';
 
 const buildRedis = () => ({
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ const buildDb = (options: {
         $executeRaw: vi.fn(async () => options.updated),
         auction: {
             findUnique: vi.fn(async () =>
-                options.auction ? { ...options.auction, closeTick: options.auction.closeTick ?? null } : null
+                options.auction ? { ...options.auction, closeTick: options.auction.closeTick ?? 72_000_000n } : null
             ),
         },
         inputEvent: {
@@ -55,6 +55,38 @@ const buildDb = (options: {
 };
 
 describe('auction worker clock-shift race', () => {
+    it('uses one Redis script for revision, generation, phase, due-read, and removal', async () => {
+        const redis = { ...buildRedis(), eval: vi.fn(async () => ['7', '9']) };
+        await expect(
+            popDueAuctionIds(redis, 'auction-timer', 123_456, 100, {
+                activeRevisionKey: 'clock-revision',
+                deadlineGenerationKey: 'deadline-generation',
+                phaseKey: 'clock-phase',
+                revision: 4,
+                generation: 8,
+            })
+        ).resolves.toEqual(['7', '9']);
+        expect(redis.eval).toHaveBeenCalledWith(expect.stringContaining('ZRANGEBYSCORE'), {
+            keys: ['auction-timer', 'clock-revision', 'deadline-generation', 'clock-phase'],
+            arguments: ['4', '8', '123456', '100'],
+        });
+        expect(redis.zRangeByScore).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+        expect(redis.zRem).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+
+    it('returns no due member when the atomic Redis clock fence rejects the pop', async () => {
+        const redis = { ...buildRedis(), eval: vi.fn(async () => ['__CLOCK_FENCE__']) };
+        await expect(
+            popDueAuctionIds(redis, 'auction-timer', 123_456, 100, {
+                activeRevisionKey: 'clock-revision',
+                deadlineGenerationKey: 'deadline-generation',
+                phaseKey: 'clock-phase',
+                revision: 4,
+                generation: 8,
+            })
+        ).resolves.toEqual([]);
+    });
+
     it('seeds OPEN at its deadline but retries FINALIZING at the current logical tick', () => {
         const now = new Date('2026-07-30T12:00:00.000Z');
         const time = {
@@ -201,11 +233,12 @@ describe('auction worker clock-shift race', () => {
                 historyKey: 'history',
                 id: '7',
                 nowMs: new Date('2026-07-30T12:00:00.000Z').getTime(),
+                nowTick: 36_000_000,
             })
         ).resolves.toBe('RESCHEDULED');
 
         expect(redis.zAdd).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
-        expect(redis.zAdd).toHaveBeenCalledWith('timer', [{ score: closeAt.getTime(), value: '7' }]);
+        expect(redis.zAdd).toHaveBeenCalledWith('timer', [{ score: 72_000_000, value: '7' }]);
         expect(transaction.inputEvent.create).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
     });
 
@@ -235,7 +268,7 @@ describe('auction worker clock-shift race', () => {
     it('leaves OPEN untouched and creates one durable command before recording history', async () => {
         const redis = buildRedis();
         const closeAt = new Date('2026-07-30T11:00:00.000Z');
-        const requestId = `auction:finalize:7:${closeAt.getTime()}`;
+        const requestId = 'auction:finalize:7:tick:72000000';
         const { db, transaction } = buildDb({ updated: 0, auction: { status: 'OPEN', closeAt } });
         const nowMs = new Date('2026-07-30T12:00:00.000Z').getTime();
 
@@ -247,6 +280,7 @@ describe('auction worker clock-shift race', () => {
                 historyKey: 'history',
                 id: '7',
                 nowMs,
+                nowTick: 72_000_000,
             })
         ).resolves.toBe('PENDING');
 
@@ -261,6 +295,7 @@ describe('auction worker clock-shift race', () => {
                     requestId,
                     auctionId: 7,
                     expectedCloseAt: closeAt.toISOString(),
+                    expectedCloseTick: 72_000_000,
                 },
             },
         });
@@ -318,6 +353,7 @@ describe('auction worker clock-shift race', () => {
                 historyKey: 'history',
                 id: '7',
                 nowMs: new Date('2026-07-30T12:00:00.000Z').getTime(),
+                nowTick: 72_000_000,
             })
         ).resolves.toBe('PENDING');
 
@@ -330,7 +366,7 @@ describe('auction worker clock-shift race', () => {
     it('reuses the same pending OPEN-generation event after a worker retry or restart', async () => {
         const redis = buildRedis();
         const closeAt = new Date('2026-07-30T11:00:00.000Z');
-        const requestId = `auction:finalize:7:${closeAt.getTime()}`;
+        const requestId = 'auction:finalize:7:tick:72000000';
         const { db, transaction } = buildDb({
             updated: 0,
             auction: { status: 'OPEN', closeAt },
@@ -344,6 +380,7 @@ describe('auction worker clock-shift race', () => {
                         requestId,
                         auctionId: 7,
                         expectedCloseAt: closeAt.toISOString(),
+                        expectedCloseTick: 72_000_000,
                     },
                     status: 'PENDING',
                     result: null,
@@ -359,6 +396,7 @@ describe('auction worker clock-shift race', () => {
                 historyKey: 'history',
                 id: '7',
                 nowMs: new Date('2026-07-30T12:00:00.000Z').getTime(),
+                nowTick: 72_000_000,
             })
         ).resolves.toBe('PENDING');
         expect(transaction.inputEvent.create).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
@@ -379,6 +417,7 @@ describe('auction worker clock-shift race', () => {
             historyKey: 'history',
             id: '7',
             nowMs: logicalNowMs,
+            nowTick: 72_000_000,
             historyNowMs: operationalNowMs,
         });
 
@@ -388,12 +427,12 @@ describe('auction worker clock-shift race', () => {
     it('repairs a pre-existing FINALIZING auction without creating a duplicate command', async () => {
         const redis = buildRedis();
         const closeAt = new Date('2026-07-30T11:00:00.000Z');
-        const requestId = `auction:finalize:7:${closeAt.getTime()}`;
+        const requestId = 'auction:finalize:7:tick:72000000';
         const existingEvent = {
             requestId,
             target: 'ENGINE' as const,
             eventType: 'auctionFinalize',
-            payload: { type: 'auctionFinalize', requestId, auctionId: 7 },
+            payload: { type: 'auctionFinalize', requestId, auctionId: 7, expectedCloseTick: 72_000_000 },
             status: 'PENDING' as const,
             result: null,
         };
@@ -411,6 +450,7 @@ describe('auction worker clock-shift race', () => {
                 historyKey: 'history',
                 id: '7',
                 nowMs: new Date('2026-07-30T12:00:00.000Z').getTime(),
+                nowTick: 72_000_000,
             })
         ).resolves.toBe('PENDING');
 
@@ -423,7 +463,7 @@ describe('auction worker clock-shift race', () => {
     it('creates one bounded successor after a terminal event failure', async () => {
         const redis = buildRedis();
         const closeAt = new Date('2026-07-30T11:00:00.000Z');
-        const requestId = `auction:finalize:7:${closeAt.getTime()}`;
+        const requestId = 'auction:finalize:7:tick:72000000';
         const retryRequestId = `${requestId}:retry:1`;
         const { db, transaction } = buildDb({
             updated: 0,
@@ -433,7 +473,7 @@ describe('auction worker clock-shift race', () => {
                     requestId,
                     target: 'ENGINE',
                     eventType: 'auctionFinalize',
-                    payload: { type: 'auctionFinalize', requestId, auctionId: 7 },
+                    payload: { type: 'auctionFinalize', requestId, auctionId: 7, expectedCloseTick: 72_000_000 },
                     status: 'FAILED',
                     result: null,
                 },
@@ -448,6 +488,7 @@ describe('auction worker clock-shift race', () => {
                 historyKey: 'history',
                 id: '7',
                 nowMs: new Date('2026-07-30T12:00:00.000Z').getTime(),
+                nowTick: 72_000_000,
             })
         ).resolves.toBe('PENDING');
 
@@ -461,6 +502,7 @@ describe('auction worker clock-shift race', () => {
                     requestId: retryRequestId,
                     auctionId: 7,
                     expectedCloseAt: closeAt.toISOString(),
+                    expectedCloseTick: 72_000_000,
                 },
             },
         });
@@ -468,19 +510,23 @@ describe('auction worker clock-shift race', () => {
 
     it('uses the close deadline as the generation so a reopened auction gets a new command', async () => {
         const redis = buildRedis();
-        const previousCloseAt = new Date('2026-07-30T11:00:00.000Z');
         const closeAt = new Date('2026-07-30T11:30:00.000Z');
-        const previousRequestId = `auction:finalize:7:${previousCloseAt.getTime()}`;
-        const requestId = `auction:finalize:7:${closeAt.getTime()}`;
+        const previousRequestId = 'auction:finalize:7:tick:36000000';
+        const requestId = 'auction:finalize:7:tick:72000000';
         const { db, transaction } = buildDb({
             updated: 0,
-            auction: { status: 'OPEN', closeAt },
+            auction: { status: 'OPEN', closeAt, closeTick: 72_000_000n },
             existingEvents: [
                 {
                     requestId: previousRequestId,
                     target: 'ENGINE',
                     eventType: 'auctionFinalize',
-                    payload: { type: 'auctionFinalize', requestId: previousRequestId, auctionId: 7 },
+                    payload: {
+                        type: 'auctionFinalize',
+                        requestId: previousRequestId,
+                        auctionId: 7,
+                        expectedCloseTick: 36_000_000,
+                    },
                     status: 'SUCCEEDED',
                     result: { type: 'auctionFinalize', ok: false, auctionId: 7 },
                 },
@@ -495,6 +541,7 @@ describe('auction worker clock-shift race', () => {
                 historyKey: 'history',
                 id: '7',
                 nowMs: new Date('2026-07-30T12:00:00.000Z').getTime(),
+                nowTick: 72_000_000,
             })
         ).resolves.toBe('PENDING');
 
@@ -508,6 +555,7 @@ describe('auction worker clock-shift race', () => {
                     requestId,
                     auctionId: 7,
                     expectedCloseAt: closeAt.toISOString(),
+                    expectedCloseTick: 72_000_000,
                 },
             },
         });
@@ -527,6 +575,7 @@ describe('auction worker clock-shift race', () => {
                 historyKey: 'history',
                 id: '7',
                 nowMs: new Date('2026-07-30T12:00:00.000Z').getTime(),
+                nowTick: 72_000_000,
             })
         ).rejects.toThrow('event insert failed');
 

app/game-api/test/clockReadiness.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+import { describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
+
+import type { DatabaseClient } from '../src/context.js';
+import { loadClockAdminStatus, loadClockReadiness } from '../src/services/clockReadiness.js';
+
+describe('clock reconciliation readiness', () => {
+    it('fails closed when the reconciliation schema is not available', async () => {
+        const db = {} as DatabaseClient;
+        await expect(loadClockReadiness(db)).resolves.toEqual({
+            reconciliationComplete: false,
+            gameplayEnabled: false,
+            phase: null,
+            revision: null,
+            deadlineGeneration: null,
+            incompleteOutboxCount: null,
+        });
+    });
+
+    it('blocks readiness for RECONCILING or incomplete outbox state', async () => {
+        const db = {
+            worldState: {
+                findFirst: vi.fn(async () => ({
+                    clockPhase: 'RECONCILING',
+                    clockRevision: 9n,
+                    deadlineGeneration: 4n,
+                })),
+            },
+            clockProjectionOutbox: { count: vi.fn(async () => 1) },
+        } as unknown as DatabaseClient;
+        await expect(loadClockReadiness(db)).resolves.toMatchObject({
+            reconciliationComplete: false,
+            gameplayEnabled: false,
+            phase: 'RECONCILING',
+            revision: 9,
+            deadlineGeneration: 4,
+            incompleteOutboxCount: 1,
+        });
+    });
+
+    it('exposes participant checksums and incomplete outbox detail to admins', async () => {
+        const db = {
+            worldState: {
+                findFirst: vi.fn(async () => ({
+                    clockPhase: 'RUNNING',
+                    clockRevision: 3n,
+                    deadlineGeneration: 2n,
+                })),
+            },
+            clockProjectionOutbox: { count: vi.fn(async () => 0) },
+            clockSuspension: {
+                findFirst: vi.fn(async () => ({
+                    id: 'maintenance-1',
+                    source: 'MAINTENANCE',
+                    policy: 'EXACT',
+                    status: 'APPLIED',
+                    sourceRevision: 2n,
+                    targetRevision: 3n,
+                    cutTick: 100n,
+                    alignedTick: 130n,
+                    participantChecksumBefore: 'before-all',
+                    participantChecksumAfter: 'after-all',
+                    participants: [
+                        {
+                            participantKey: 'general-turn',
+                            policy: 'SHIFT',
+                            beforeChecksum: 'before',
+                            afterChecksum: 'after',
+                            affectedCount: 2,
+                        },
+                    ],
+                    projectionOutbox: [{ id: 8n, targetRevision: 3n, status: 'APPLIED', attempts: 1, lastError: null }],
+                })),
+            },
+        } as unknown as DatabaseClient;
+
+        await expect(loadClockAdminStatus(db)).resolves.toMatchObject({
+            reconciliationComplete: true,
+            latestReconciliation: {
+                id: 'maintenance-1',
+                participantChecksumBefore: 'before-all',
+                participantChecksumAfter: 'after-all',
+                participants: [{ key: 'general-turn', policy: 'SHIFT', affectedCount: 2 }],
+                outbox: [{ id: '8', status: 'APPLIED' }],
+            },
+        });
+    });
+});

app/game-api/test/commandTable.test.ts

@@ -102,6 +102,9 @@ const buildNation = (): NationRow =>
     }) as unknown as NationRow;
 
 describe('buildTurnCommandTable', () => {
+    const findCommand = (table: Awaited<ReturnType<typeof buildTurnCommandTable>>, key: string) =>
+        [...table.general, ...table.nation].flatMap(({ values }) => values).find((command) => command.key === key);
+
     it('projects the general and chief reserved-turn categories and command order from Ref', async () => {
         const table = await buildTurnCommandTable({
             worldState: buildWorldState(),
@@ -211,6 +214,29 @@ describe('buildTurnCommandTable', () => {
         expect(table.general.flatMap(({ values }) => values)).not.toContainEqual(
             expect.objectContaining({ turnDurationText: expect.any(String) })
         );
+        const generalCosts = Object.fromEntries(
+            table.general.flatMap(({ values }) => values.map(({ key, costText }) => [key, costText]))
+        );
+        expect(generalCosts).toMatchObject({
+            che_농지개간: '금 100',
+            che_기술연구: '금 100',
+            che_정착장려: '쌀 200',
+            che_주민선정: '쌀 200',
+            che_화계: '금 500 · 쌀 500',
+            che_첩보: '금 300 · 쌀 300',
+            che_사기진작: '금 1',
+            che_출병: '쌀 1',
+            che_이동: '금 100',
+            che_강행: '금 500',
+        });
+        const nationCosts = Object.fromEntries(
+            table.nation.flatMap(({ values }) => values.map(({ key, costText }) => [key, costText]))
+        );
+        expect(nationCosts).toMatchObject({
+            che_천도: '금·쌀 500 × 2^거리',
+            che_증축: '금 110,000 · 쌀 110,000',
+            che_감축: '금 80,000 · 쌀 80,000 회수',
+        });
     });
 
     it('projects scenario-specific command categories instead of the default profile', async () => {
@@ -239,6 +265,13 @@ describe('buildTurnCommandTable', () => {
             'che_물자조달',
             'cr_맹훈련',
         ]);
+        expect(
+            Object.fromEntries(table.nation.flatMap(({ values }) => values.map(({ key, costText }) => [key, costText])))
+        ).toMatchObject({
+            cr_인구이동: '금·쌀 100 × 인구[만]',
+            event_대검병연구: '금 50,000 · 쌀 50,000',
+            event_화륜차연구: '금 100,000 · 쌀 100,000',
+        });
         expect(table.nation.map(({ category }) => category)).toEqual(['휴식', '특수', '연구']);
         expect(table.nation.flatMap(({ values }) => values.map(({ key }) => key))).toEqual([
             '휴식',
@@ -256,6 +289,103 @@ describe('buildTurnCommandTable', () => {
         });
     });
 
+    it('blocks both speciality resets while their cooldown remains and opens them at the boundary month', async () => {
+        const cooldownGeneral = {
+            ...buildGeneral(),
+            specialCode: 'che_상재',
+            special2Code: 'che_신산',
+            meta: {
+                killturn: 24,
+                'next_execute_내정 특기 초기화': 36,
+                'next_execute_전투 특기 초기화': '37',
+            },
+        } as GeneralRow;
+        const table = await buildTurnCommandTable({
+            worldState: buildWorldState(),
+            general: cooldownGeneral,
+            city: buildCity(),
+            nation: buildNation(),
+            nationGenerals: null,
+        });
+
+        expect(findCommand(table, 'che_내정특기초기화')).toMatchObject({
+            possible: true,
+            status: 'available',
+        });
+        expect(findCommand(table, 'che_전투특기초기화')).toMatchObject({
+            possible: false,
+            status: 'blocked',
+            reason: '1턴 더 기다려야 합니다',
+        });
+    });
+
+    it('keeps the missing-speciality reason ahead of a remaining reset cooldown', async () => {
+        const table = await buildTurnCommandTable({
+            worldState: buildWorldState(),
+            general: {
+                ...buildGeneral(),
+                meta: {
+                    killturn: 24,
+                    'next_execute_내정 특기 초기화': 37,
+                    'next_execute_전투 특기 초기화': 37,
+                },
+            } as GeneralRow,
+            city: buildCity(),
+            nation: buildNation(),
+            nationGenerals: null,
+        });
+
+        for (const key of ['che_내정특기초기화', 'che_전투특기초기화']) {
+            expect(findCommand(table, key)).toMatchObject({
+                possible: false,
+                status: 'blocked',
+                reason: '특기가 없습니다.',
+            });
+        }
+    });
+
+    it('projects a multi-turn nation command cooldown before target input', async () => {
+        const table = await buildTurnCommandTable({
+            worldState: buildWorldState(),
+            general: buildGeneral(),
+            city: buildCity(),
+            nation: {
+                ...buildNation(),
+                meta: { next_execute_피장파장: 37 },
+            } as NationRow,
+            nationGenerals: null,
+        });
+
+        expect(findCommand(table, 'che_피장파장')).toMatchObject({
+            possible: false,
+            status: 'blocked',
+            reason: '1턴 더 기다려야 합니다',
+        });
+    });
+
+    it('projects costs from the current world develcost used by command execution', async () => {
+        const worldState = buildWorldState();
+        (worldState as unknown as { meta: Record<string, unknown> }).meta.develcost = 120;
+        const table = await buildTurnCommandTable({
+            worldState,
+            general: buildGeneral(),
+            city: buildCity(),
+            nation: buildNation(),
+            nationGenerals: null,
+        });
+        const costs = Object.fromEntries(
+            [...table.general, ...table.nation].flatMap(({ values }) =>
+                values.map(({ key, costText }) => [key, costText])
+            )
+        );
+        expect(costs).toMatchObject({
+            che_농지개간: '금 120',
+            che_화계: '금 600 · 쌀 600',
+            che_천도: '금·쌀 600 × 2^거리',
+            che_증축: '금 120,000 · 쌀 120,000',
+        });
+    });
+
     it('projects the real 904/905/910/912 world command profiles into the API table', async () => {
         const buildScenarioTable = async (scenarioId: number) => {
             const scenario = await loadScenarioDefinitionById(scenarioId);
@@ -337,6 +467,27 @@ describe('buildTurnCommandTable', () => {
         }
     });
 
+    it('projects the Ref twenty-year non-aggression end-year window', async () => {
+        const table = await buildTurnCommandTable({
+            worldState: buildWorldState(),
+            general: buildGeneral(),
+            city: buildCity(),
+            nation: buildNation(),
+            nationGenerals: null,
+        });
+        const proposal = table.nation
+            .flatMap((group) => group.values)
+            .find((command) => command.key === 'che_불가침제의');
+
+        expect(proposal?.inputFields.find((field) => field.key === 'year')).toMatchObject({
+            kind: 'number',
+            min: 4,
+            max: 23,
+            defaultValue: 4,
+        });
+        expect(proposal?.inputFields.find((field) => field.key === 'month')).toMatchObject({ defaultValue: 1 });
+    });
+
     it('projects the Ref availability boundaries for force move, retirement, and resignation', async () => {
         const buildTable = (general: GeneralRow, nation: NationRow | null = buildNation()) =>
             buildTurnCommandTable({
@@ -444,15 +595,17 @@ describe('buildTurnCommandTable', () => {
             nationGenerals: null,
         });
 
-        const appointment = table.general
-            .flatMap((group) => group.values)
-            .find((command) => command.key === 'che_임관');
+        for (const commandKey of ['che_임관', 'che_등용']) {
+            const command = table.general
+                .flatMap((group) => group.values)
+                .find((candidate) => candidate.key === commandKey);
 
-        expect(appointment).toMatchObject({
-            possible: false,
-            status: 'blocked',
-            reason: '랜덤 임관만 가능합니다',
-        });
+            expect(command).toMatchObject({
+                possible: false,
+                status: 'blocked',
+                reason: '랜덤 임관만 가능합니다',
+            });
+        }
     });
 
     it('hides founding at the Ref maxnation boundary without counting Core id=0', async () => {
@@ -525,7 +678,11 @@ describe('buildTurnCommandTable', () => {
                     magicCoef: 0,
                     cost: 12,
                     rice: 10,
-                    requirements: [{ type: 'ReqTech', tech: 2000 }],
+                    requirements: [
+                        { type: 'ReqTech', tech: 2000 },
+                        { type: 'ReqRegions', regions: ['중원'] },
+                        { type: 'ReqCities', cities: ['TestCity'] },
+                    ],
                     attackCoef: {},
                     defenceCoef: {},
                     info: ['강력하지만 기술이 필요합니다.'],
@@ -583,7 +740,12 @@ describe('buildTurnCommandTable', () => {
             special: true,
             attack: 175,
             defence: 225,
-            info: ['강력하지만 기술이 필요합니다.'],
+            info: [
+                '강력하지만 기술이 필요합니다.',
+                '기술력 2000 이상 필요',
+                '중원 지역 소유시 가능',
+                'TestCity 소유시 가능',
+            ],
         });
     });
 });

app/game-api/test/commandTargets.test.ts

@@ -87,7 +87,19 @@ describe('Ref command general targets', () => {
             troopId: 3,
             description: expect.stringContaining('탑승 부대 청룡대'),
         });
-        expect(detailed.generalTargets.che_포상?.[0]?.description).toContain('금 5,000 · 쌀 4,000 · 병력 1,000');
+        expect(detailed.generalTargets.che_발령?.map((entry) => entry.label)).toEqual([
+            '본인 (부대 없음 · 업)',
+            '부대원 (청룡대 · 업)',
+            '부대장 (청룡대 (부대장) · 업)',
+        ]);
+        expect(detailed.generalTargets.che_발령?.[1]?.description).not.toContain('탑승 부대');
+        expect(detailed.generalTargets.che_포상?.map((entry) => entry.label)).toEqual([
+            '본인 (업)',
+            '부대원 (업)',
+            '부대장 (업)',
+        ]);
+        expect(detailed.generalTargets.che_포상?.[0]?.description).toBe('금 5,000 · 쌀 4,000 · 병력 1,000');
+        expect(detailed.generalTargets.che_몰수?.[1]?.description).not.toContain('탑승 부대');
     });
 });
 

app/game-api/test/createGeneral.integration.test.ts

@@ -238,6 +238,7 @@ integration('generic general creation through the durable turn daemon', () => {
     it('commits one complete ref-shaped general and survives a daemon reload', async () => {
         const auth = buildAuth(userId, '생성사용자', 4242);
         const config = await appRouter.createCaller(buildContext('create-general-config', auth)).join.getConfig();
+        expect(config.rules.allowDirectCreation).toBe(true);
         expect(config.personalities.map(({ key }) => key)).not.toContain('che_은둔');
         expect(config.inherit.turnTimeZones[1]).toBe('00:05.000 ~ 00:09.999');
         const city = await db.city.findFirstOrThrow({ orderBy: { id: 'asc' } });

app/game-api/test/deferredGeneralAccess.integration.test.ts

@@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ liveIntegration('deferred general access with PostgreSQL and Redis', () => {
                         },
                     }),
             },
+            $transaction: db.$transaction.bind(db),
             $queryRaw: db.$queryRaw.bind(db),
             $executeRaw: db.$executeRaw.bind(db),
         };

app/game-api/test/deferredGeneralAccess.test.ts

@@ -88,6 +88,9 @@ describe('deferred general access', () => {
             $queryRaw: queryRaw,
             $executeRaw: vi.fn(async () => 1),
         };
+        Object.assign(db, {
+            $transaction: vi.fn(async (run: (transaction: typeof db) => Promise<unknown>) => run(db)),
+        });
 
         await expect(
             flushDeferredGeneralAccessBatch(db as never, 'batch-1', [
@@ -101,12 +104,14 @@ describe('deferred general access', () => {
         ).resolves.toMatchObject({ refreshLimit: 50, states: [{ refreshScore: 2 }] });
 
         expect(queryRaw).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+        expect(db.$executeRaw).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
         const statement = queryRaw.mock.calls[0]?.[0] as { sql: string };
         expect(statement.sql).toContain('INSERT INTO "general_access_batch"');
         expect(statement.sql).toContain('jsonb_to_recordset');
         expect(statement.sql).toContain('INSERT INTO "traffic_period"');
         expect(statement.sql).toContain('INSERT INTO "traffic_period_general"');
         expect(statement.sql).toContain('INSERT INTO "general_access_log"');
+        expect(statement.sql).toContain('ORDER BY resolved."general_id"');
         expect(statement.sql).not.toContain('read_model_revision');
         expect(statement.sql).not.toContain('read_model_outbox');
     });

app/game-api/test/diplomacyRouter.test.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 import { describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
 
-import { MAX_SAFE_GAME_TICK } from '@sammo-ts/common';
 import type { GameSessionTokenPayload } from '@sammo-ts/common/auth/gameToken';
 import type { RedisConnector } from '@sammo-ts/infra';
 
@@ -88,7 +87,7 @@ const storedLetter = {
 };
 
 const buildContext = (officerLevel = 12, letter: Record<string, unknown> = storedLetter) => {
-    const create = vi.fn(async () => ({ id: 9 }));
+    const create = vi.fn(async () => ({ id: 9, date: new Date('2026-07-31T00:00:00.000Z') }));
     let messageId = 100;
     const queryRaw = vi.fn(async (..._args: unknown[]) => [{ id: messageId++ }]);
     const db = {
@@ -159,17 +158,9 @@ describe('diplomacy HTML API boundary', () => {
                 textBrief: '<p><strong>공개</strong></p>',
                 textDetail:
                     '<ul><li>조건</li></ul><a href="https://example.com" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">자료</a>',
-                date: new Date('0185-01-01T00:00:00.000Z'),
             }),
         });
         expect(fixture.queryRaw).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2);
-        expect(fixture.queryRaw.mock.calls[0]?.slice(1)).toEqual(
-            expect.arrayContaining([9002, 'diplomacy', 9001, 9002])
-        );
-        expect(fixture.queryRaw.mock.calls[1]?.slice(1)).toEqual(expect.arrayContaining([9001, 'diplomacy']));
-        expect(fixture.queryRaw.mock.calls[0]?.slice(1)).toContain(BigInt(MAX_SAFE_GAME_TICK));
-        expect(fixture.queryRaw.mock.calls[0]?.find((value) => typeof value === 'string' && value.includes('text')))
-            .toContain('새로운 외교 문서 #9가 준비되었습니다. 외교부에서 확인해주세요.');
     });
 
     it('purifies legacy stored rows on every read while preserving secret redaction', async () => {

app/game-api/test/directoryRouter.test.ts

@@ -112,6 +112,7 @@ const directoryGeneral = (overrides: Record<string, unknown> = {}) => ({
     leadership: 70,
     strength: 60,
     intel: 50,
+    crew: 100,
     experience: 1_000,
     meta: { killturn: 3 },
     penalty: {},
@@ -124,6 +125,9 @@ const globalGenerals = [
         name: '군주',
         dedication: 900,
         officerLevel: 12,
+        leadership: 80,
+        strength: 80,
+        intel: 80,
         meta: { killturn: 4, owner_name: '통일유저' },
         experience: 10_000,
     }),
@@ -132,6 +136,9 @@ const globalGenerals = [
         name: '외교관',
         dedication: 800,
         officerLevel: 1,
+        leadership: 70,
+        strength: 80,
+        intel: 40,
         meta: { killturn: 2, permission: 'ambassador' },
         experience: 5_000,
     }),
@@ -140,6 +147,9 @@ const globalGenerals = [
         name: '제재외교관',
         dedication: 700,
         officerLevel: 1,
+        leadership: 70,
+        strength: 40,
+        intel: 80,
         meta: { killturn: 1, permission: 'ambassador' },
         penalty: { noTopSecret: true },
         experience: 2_000,
@@ -149,6 +159,9 @@ const globalGenerals = [
         name: '조언자',
         dedication: 600,
         officerLevel: 1,
+        leadership: 30,
+        strength: 70,
+        intel: 70,
         meta: { killturn: 5, permission: 'auditor' },
         experience: 1_000,
     }),
@@ -161,6 +174,8 @@ const globalGenerals = [
         dedication: 500,
         officerLevel: 12,
         leadership: 80,
+        strength: 70,
+        intel: 65,
         meta: { killturn: 0 },
         experience: 20_000,
     }),
@@ -221,7 +236,12 @@ const createContext = (
         worldState: {
             findFirst: vi.fn(async () => ({
                 config: { const: { maxLevel: 100, maxDedLevel: 30 } },
-                meta: { isUnited: options.isUnited ?? 0 },
+                meta: {
+                    isUnited: options.isUnited ?? 0,
+                    killturn: 4,
+                    autorun_user: { limit_minutes: 60 },
+                },
+                tickSeconds: 3_600,
             })),
         },
     };
@@ -279,6 +299,20 @@ describe('legacy global nation/general directories', () => {
         );
         expect(results.slice(1)).toEqual([results[0], results[0], results[0]]);
         for (const result of results) {
+            const serializedNationRows = JSON.stringify(result.nations);
+            for (const privateField of [
+                'totalCrew',
+                'crew',
+                'leadership',
+                'strength',
+                'intel',
+                'killturn',
+                'refreshScoreTotal',
+                'meta',
+                'penalty',
+            ]) {
+                expect(serializedNationRows).not.toContain(`"${privateField}"`);
+            }
             const serializedGeneralRows = JSON.stringify(result.generals);
             for (const privateField of [
                 'userId',
@@ -304,15 +338,74 @@ describe('legacy global nation/general directories', () => {
             id: 1,
             generalCount: 4,
             cityCount: 1,
+            forceEstimate: {
+                totalGeneralCount: 4,
+                userCombatGeneralCount: 1,
+                userTroops: 8_000,
+                npcCombatGeneralCount: 0,
+                npcTroops: 0,
+                inactiveGeneralCount: 2,
+            },
             ambassadorNames: ['군주', '외교관'],
             auditorCount: 1,
         });
+        expect(result[1]?.generalGroups.map((group) => [group.label, group.generals.map(({ name }) => name)])).toEqual([
+            ['만능장', ['군주']],
+            ['무장', ['외교관']],
+            ['지장', ['제재외교관']],
+            ['무지장', ['조언자']],
+        ]);
         expect(result[1]?.generals.map((general) => general.name)).toEqual(['군주', '외교관', '제재외교관', '조언자']);
         expect(result[1]?.officers[0]).toMatchObject({
             officerLevel: 12,
             general: { id: 10, name: '군주' },
         });
         expect(result[2]).toMatchObject({ name: '재 야', generalCount: 1, cityCount: 1 });
+        expect(JSON.stringify(result)).not.toContain('totalCrew');
+    });
+
+    it('matches every Ref general-category boundary and estimates only combat-capable groups', async () => {
+        const categoryStats = [
+            ['만능장', 80, 80, 80],
+            ['통장', 70, 20, 20],
+            ['무장', 70, 80, 40],
+            ['지장', 70, 40, 80],
+            ['평범장', 60, 50, 50],
+            ['무지장', 30, 50, 50],
+            ['무능장', 30, 10, 10],
+        ] as const;
+        const categoryGenerals = categoryStats.map(([name, leadership, strength, intel], index) =>
+            directoryGeneral({
+                id: 101 + index,
+                name,
+                nationId: 1,
+                leadership,
+                strength,
+                intel,
+                meta: { killturn: 4 },
+            })
+        );
+        const [nation] = await appRouter
+            .createCaller(
+                createContext({
+                    directory: {
+                        nations: [nationRows[0]!],
+                        generals: categoryGenerals,
+                        cities: [{ id: 1, name: '허창', nationId: 1 }],
+                    },
+                }).context
+            )
+            .world.getNationDirectory();
+
+        expect(nation?.generalGroups.map((group) => group.label)).toEqual(categoryStats.map(([name]) => name));
+        expect(nation?.forceEstimate).toEqual({
+            totalGeneralCount: 7,
+            userCombatGeneralCount: 5,
+            userTroops: 35_000,
+            npcCombatGeneralCount: 0,
+            npcTroops: 0,
+            inactiveGeneralCount: 0,
+        });
     });
 
     it('projects a level-zero nation location from its ruler city even when that city belongs to another nation', async () => {

app/game-api/test/gameClock.test.ts

@@ -3,37 +3,47 @@ import { describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
 import type { DatabaseClient } from '../src/context.js';
 import { loadCurrentGameTime } from '../src/services/gameClock.js';
 
-const buildDatabase = (mode: 'realtime' | 'manual' = 'realtime'): DatabaseClient =>
+const buildDatabase = (
+    mode: 'realtime' | 'manual' = 'realtime',
+    phase: 'PREOPEN' | 'RUNNING' | 'MANUAL' = mode === 'manual' ? 'MANUAL' : 'PREOPEN'
+): DatabaseClient =>
     ({
         worldState: {
             findFirst: vi.fn(async () => ({
-                clockBaseTime: new Date('2026-08-21T09:50:00.000Z'),
-                clockTick: 36_000_000n,
+                clockBaseTime: new Date('2026-08-21T11:00:00.000Z'),
+                clockTick: 0n,
                 clockMode: mode,
                 clockWallAnchor: new Date('2026-08-21T11:00:00.000Z'),
                 tickSeconds: 600,
+                clockPhase: phase,
+                clockRevision: 1n,
+                deadlineGeneration: 1n,
             })),
         },
     }) as unknown as DatabaseClient;
 
 describe('current game time projection', () => {
-    it('holds a realtime clock at its persisted tick until the future wall anchor', async () => {
+    it('projects negative realtime ticks until the future opening anchor', async () => {
         const db = buildDatabase();
 
         const preopen = await loadCurrentGameTime(db, new Date('2026-08-21T10:30:00.000Z'));
         expect(preopen).toMatchObject({
-            now: new Date('2026-08-21T10:00:00.000Z'),
+            now: new Date('2026-08-21T10:30:00.000Z'),
             wallNow: new Date('2026-08-21T10:30:00.000Z'),
-            tick: 36_000_000,
+            tick: -108_000_000,
             mode: 'realtime',
+            phase: 'PREOPEN',
             running: false,
             startsAt: new Date('2026-08-21T11:00:00.000Z'),
         });
 
-        const opened = await loadCurrentGameTime(db, new Date('2026-08-21T11:00:05.000Z'));
+        const opened = await loadCurrentGameTime(
+            buildDatabase('realtime', 'RUNNING'),
+            new Date('2026-08-21T11:00:05.000Z')
+        );
         expect(opened).toMatchObject({
-            now: new Date('2026-08-21T10:00:05.000Z'),
-            tick: 36_300_000,
+            now: new Date('2026-08-21T11:00:05.000Z'),
+            tick: 300_000,
             running: true,
             startsAt: null,
         });
@@ -43,8 +53,8 @@ describe('current game time projection', () => {
         const result = await loadCurrentGameTime(buildDatabase('manual'), new Date('2026-08-21T12:00:00.000Z'));
 
         expect(result).toMatchObject({
-            now: new Date('2026-08-21T10:00:00.000Z'),
-            tick: 36_000_000,
+            now: new Date('2026-08-21T11:00:00.000Z'),
+            tick: 0,
             running: false,
             startsAt: null,
         });

app/game-api/test/generalAccessTracking.test.ts

@@ -194,7 +194,11 @@ describe('general access tracking', () => {
         });
         expect(transaction).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
         expect(queryRaw).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
-        expect(executeRaw).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2);
+        expect(executeRaw).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(3);
+
+        const lockStatement = executeRaw.mock.calls[0]![0] as { sql: string; values: unknown[] };
+        expect(lockStatement.sql).toContain('pg_advisory_xact_lock');
+        expect(lockStatement.values).toContain('general-access:persistence');
 
         const periodStatement = queryRaw.mock.calls[0]![0] as { sql: string; values: unknown[] };
         expect(periodStatement.sql).toContain('INSERT INTO traffic_period');
@@ -208,12 +212,12 @@ describe('general access tracking', () => {
         expect(periodStatement.values).toContain(now);
         expect(periodStatement.values).toContainEqual(new Date('2026-07-26T03:00:00.000Z'));
 
-        const memberStatement = executeRaw.mock.calls[0]![0] as { sql: string; values: unknown[] };
+        const memberStatement = executeRaw.mock.calls[1]![0] as { sql: string; values: unknown[] };
         expect(memberStatement.sql).toContain('INSERT INTO traffic_period_general');
         expect(memberStatement.sql).toContain('ON CONFLICT (period_id, general_id) DO NOTHING');
         expect(memberStatement.sql).toContain('SET online = traffic_period.online');
 
-        const accessStatement = executeRaw.mock.calls[1]![0] as { sql: string; values: unknown[] };
+        const accessStatement = executeRaw.mock.calls[2]![0] as { sql: string; values: unknown[] };
         expect(accessStatement.sql).toContain('ON CONFLICT (general_id) DO UPDATE');
         expect(accessStatement.sql).toContain('general_access_log.refresh + EXCLUDED.refresh');
         expect(accessStatement.values).toContain(7);
@@ -230,9 +234,9 @@ describe('general access tracking', () => {
         await expect(recordGeneralAccessWeight(accessContext(db), 0, now)).resolves.toBe(true);
         expect(transaction).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
         expect((queryRaw.mock.calls[0]![0] as { values: unknown[] }).values).toContain(0);
-        expect((executeRaw.mock.calls[0]![0] as { values: unknown[] }).values).toContain(0);
         expect((executeRaw.mock.calls[1]![0] as { values: unknown[] }).values).toContain(0);
-        expect((executeRaw.mock.calls[1]![0] as { values: unknown[] }).values).toContain(now);
+        expect((executeRaw.mock.calls[2]![0] as { values: unknown[] }).values).toContain(0);
+        expect((executeRaw.mock.calls[2]![0] as { values: unknown[] }).values).toContain(now);
     });
 
     it('blocks above the strict limit and lazily clears a score from before the own turn', async () => {
@@ -322,18 +326,14 @@ describe('general access tracking', () => {
                     : [{ id: 41 }];
             }),
             $executeRaw: vi.fn(async (query: unknown) => {
-                if (((query as { sql?: string }).sql ?? '').includes('INSERT INTO input_event')) {
+                const sql = (query as { sql?: string }).sql ?? '';
+                if (sql.includes('INSERT INTO input_event')) {
                     events.push('input-event-create');
                 }
+                if (sql.includes("status = 'FAILED'")) events.push('input-event-failed');
                 return 1;
             }),
             $executeRawUnsafe: vi.fn(async () => 0),
-            inputEvent: {
-                update: vi.fn(async (args: { data: { status: string } }) => {
-                    if (args.data.status === 'FAILED') events.push('input-event-failed');
-                    return {};
-                }),
-            },
         };
         const db = {
             general: {

app/game-api/test/generalBasicCardProjection.test.ts

@@ -36,11 +36,12 @@ describe('general basic card Ref projection', () => {
         expect(resolveRefreshScoreText(12_800)).toBe('헐...');
     });
 
-    it('matches the Ref remaining-minute calculation and one-turn rollover', () => {
-        const lastExecuted = new Date('2026-08-13T00:00:00.000Z');
-        expect(resolveRemainingMinutes(new Date('2026-08-13T00:07:06.000Z'), lastExecuted, 3_600)).toBe(7);
-        expect(resolveRemainingMinutes(new Date('2026-08-12T23:59:00.000Z'), lastExecuted, 3_600)).toBe(59);
-        expect(resolveRemainingMinutes(new Date('2026-08-13T00:07:06.000Z'), null, 3_600)).toBeNull();
+    it('matches the Ref remaining-minute calculation against the current game clock', () => {
+        const currentGameTime = new Date('2026-08-13T00:20:00.000Z');
+        expect(resolveRemainingMinutes(new Date('2026-08-13T01:20:00.000Z'), currentGameTime)).toBe(60);
+        expect(resolveRemainingMinutes(new Date('2026-08-13T01:08:59.000Z'), currentGameTime)).toBe(48);
+        expect(resolveRemainingMinutes(new Date('2026-08-13T00:19:00.000Z'), currentGameTime)).toBe(0);
+        expect(resolveRemainingMinutes(new Date('2026-08-13T00:20:00.000Z'), null)).toBeNull();
     });
 
     it('moves the first reserved month only after the general turn bucket has passed', () => {

app/game-api/test/idempotentTransport.test.ts

@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ describe('IdempotentTurnDaemonTransport', () => {
         }
     });
 
-    it('reuses a successful vote event when only the retry acceptance tick has changed', async () => {
+    it('reuses a rolling-upgrade vote event after legacy acceptance coordinates are removed', async () => {
         const persistedPayload = {
             type: 'voteReward' as const,
             requestId: 'vote-reward',
@@ -101,6 +101,14 @@ describe('IdempotentTurnDaemonTransport', () => {
             selection: [0],
             acceptedGameTick: 100,
         };
+        const currentCommand = {
+            type: 'voteReward' as const,
+            requestId: 'vote-reward',
+            userId: 'user-7',
+            voteId: 1,
+            generalId: 7,
+            selection: [0],
+        };
         const create = async () => {
             throw Object.assign(new Error('duplicate'), { code: 'P2002' });
         };
@@ -115,18 +123,14 @@ describe('IdempotentTurnDaemonTransport', () => {
         );
 
         await expect(
-            transport.sendCommand({
-                ...persistedPayload,
-                acceptedGameTick: 101,
-            })
+            transport.sendCommand(currentCommand)
         ).resolves.toBe('vote-reward');
 
         for (const changedIdentity of [{ selection: [1] }, { voteId: 2 }, { generalId: 8 }]) {
             await expect(
                 transport.sendCommand({
-                    ...persistedPayload,
+                    ...currentCommand,
                     ...changedIdentity,
-                    acceptedGameTick: 101,
                 })
             ).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(ConflictingTurnDaemonCommandError);
         }

app/game-api/test/inGameMenuPermissions.test.ts

@@ -85,6 +85,7 @@ const createContext = (options: {
     troopLeaderAction?: string | null;
     refreshScore?: number;
     refreshScoreTotal?: number;
+    gameClockNow?: Date;
     rankRows?: Array<{ generalId?: number; type: string; value: number }>;
     requestId?: string;
     transaction?: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>;
@@ -164,6 +165,10 @@ const createContext = (options: {
                 currentMonth: 1,
                 tickSeconds: 600,
                 config: { const: { upgradeLimit: 20 } },
+                clockBaseTime: options.gameClockNow ?? null,
+                clockTick: options.gameClockNow ? 0n : null,
+                clockMode: 'manual',
+                clockWallAnchor: options.gameClockNow ?? null,
             })),
         },
         logEntry: {
@@ -485,6 +490,7 @@ describe('in-game my information ownership', () => {
             troopLeaderAction: '휴식',
             refreshScore: 3,
             refreshScoreTotal: 1_141,
+            gameClockNow: new Date('2026-01-01T00:00:00.000Z'),
         });
 
         await expect(appRouter.createCaller(fixture.context).general.me()).resolves.toMatchObject({
@@ -495,7 +501,7 @@ describe('in-game my information ownership', () => {
                 retirementYear: 70,
                 defenceTrain: 80,
                 killTurn: 6,
-                remainingMinutes: null,
+                remainingMinutes: 7,
                 troop: { name: '정밀검증부대', status: 'inactive', leaderCityName: '업' },
                 refreshScore: { current: 3, total: 1_141, text: '열심' },
             },
@@ -584,7 +590,6 @@ describe('in-game my information ownership', () => {
             defence_train: 80,
             use_treatment: 21,
             use_auto_nation_turn: 1,
-            use_auto_nation_diplomacy: 0,
             use_auto_nation_war: 0,
             use_auto_nation_promotion: 0,
             use_auto_nation_finance: 0,
@@ -612,6 +617,18 @@ describe('in-game my information ownership', () => {
         expect(requestCommand).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
     });
 
+    it('rejects the removed automatic diplomacy setting before dispatching it to ENGINE', async () => {
+        const requestCommand = vi.fn(async () => ({ type: 'setMySetting', ok: true, generalId: 7 }));
+        const fixture = createContext({ requestCommand });
+
+        await expect(
+            appRouter.createCaller(fixture.context).general.setMySetting({
+                use_auto_nation_diplomacy: 1,
+            } as never)
+        ).rejects.toMatchObject({ code: 'BAD_REQUEST' });
+        expect(requestCommand).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+
     it('sends settings directly to ENGINE without creating an API input event', async () => {
         const transaction = vi.fn(async () => {
             throw new Error('API transaction must not run');

app/game-api/test/inheritOwnerMessages.integration.test.ts

@@ -64,6 +64,14 @@ const state: TurnWorldState = {
     currentMonth: 4,
     tickSeconds: 600,
     lastTurnTime: new Date('2026-08-19T00:00:00.000Z'),
+    clockBaseTime: new Date('2026-08-19T00:00:00.000Z'),
+    clockTick: 0,
+    clockMode: 'manual',
+    clockWallAnchor: new Date('2026-08-19T00:00:00.000Z'),
+    lastTurnTick: 0,
+    clockPhase: 'MANUAL',
+    clockRevision: 1,
+    deadlineGeneration: 1,
     meta: { hiddenSeed: 'inherit-owner-message', isunited: 0, scenarioMeta },
 };
 
@@ -176,6 +184,14 @@ integration('inherit owner lookup private messages', () => {
                 currentYear: 200,
                 currentMonth: 4,
                 tickSeconds: 600,
+                clockBaseTime: state.clockBaseTime,
+                clockTick: BigInt(state.clockTick ?? 0),
+                clockMode: state.clockMode ?? 'manual',
+                clockWallAnchor: state.clockWallAnchor,
+                lastTurnTick: BigInt(state.lastTurnTick ?? 0),
+                clockPhase: state.clockPhase ?? 'MANUAL',
+                clockRevision: BigInt(state.clockRevision ?? 1),
+                deadlineGeneration: BigInt(state.deadlineGeneration ?? 1),
                 config: JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(scenarioConfig)) as GamePrisma.InputJsonValue,
                 meta: state.meta as GamePrisma.InputJsonValue,
             },

app/game-api/test/inheritRouter.test.ts

@@ -285,6 +285,21 @@ describe('inherit router actor and permission boundaries', () => {
         });
     });
 
+    it('rejects an out-of-range inheritance buff level with a user-facing message', async () => {
+        const fixture = buildContext({});
+
+        await expect(
+            appRouter.createCaller(fixture.context).inherit.buyHiddenBuff({
+                type: 'warAvoidRatio',
+                level: 6,
+            })
+        ).rejects.toMatchObject({
+            code: 'BAD_REQUEST',
+            message: '유산 강화는 1단계부터 5단계까지만 구입할 수 있습니다.',
+        });
+        expect(fixture.requestCommand).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+
     it('reports the Ref S100 stat-reset ban and maps the authoritative daemon rejection', async () => {
         const fixture = buildContext({
             configMap: { targetGeneralPool: 'SPoolUnderU100' },

app/game-api/test/inputEventBoundary.integration.test.ts

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ import {
 const databaseUrl = process.env.INPUT_EVENT_DATABASE_URL;
 const integration = describe.skipIf(!databaseUrl);
 const journalGeneralIds = [9_980_081, 9_980_082] as const;
+const clockScenarioCode = 'input-event-boundary';
 
 const journalBoundaryRouter = router({
     mutate: procedure
@@ -56,6 +57,21 @@ integration('API input event boundary', () => {
         await db.readModelRevision.deleteMany({
             where: { domain: 'front.general', entityId: { in: [...journalGeneralIds] } },
         });
+        await db.worldState.deleteMany({ where: { scenarioCode: clockScenarioCode } });
+        const base = new Date('2099-09-03T00:00:00.000Z');
+        await db.worldState.create({
+            data: {
+                scenarioCode: clockScenarioCode,
+                currentYear: 200,
+                currentMonth: 1,
+                tickSeconds: 600,
+                clockBaseTime: base,
+                clockTick: 0n,
+                clockMode: 'realtime',
+                clockWallAnchor: base,
+                clockPhase: 'RUNNING',
+            },
+        });
     });
 
     afterAll(async () => {
@@ -68,6 +84,7 @@ integration('API input event boundary', () => {
         await db.readModelRevision.deleteMany({
             where: { domain: 'front.general', entityId: { in: [...journalGeneralIds] } },
         });
+        await db.worldState.deleteMany({ where: { scenarioCode: clockScenarioCode } });
         await close?.();
     });
 
@@ -518,6 +535,10 @@ integration('API input event boundary', () => {
         expect(event.actorUserId).toBe('user-7');
         expect(event.createdAt.getTime()).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(acceptedWindowStart);
         expect(event.createdAt.getTime()).toBeLessThanOrEqual(acceptedWindowEnd);
+        expect(event.acceptedGameTick).toBeNull();
+        expect(event.acceptedClockRevision).toBeNull();
+        expect(event.acceptedDeadlineGeneration).toBeNull();
+        expect(event.processingGameTick).toBeNull();
         await expect(
             transport.sendCommand({ type: 'vacation', requestId, userId: 'user-7', generalId: 7 })
         ).resolves.toBe(requestId);

app/game-api/test/inputEventJournal.test.ts

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { z } from 'zod';
 
 import type { GameApiContext } from '../src/context.js';
 import { createApiInputPayloadIdentity } from '../src/inputEventBoundary.js';
-import { procedure, router } from '../src/trpc.js';
+import { procedure, router, wallProcedure } from '../src/trpc.js';
 
 const testRouter = router({
     mutate: procedure.input(z.object({ fail: z.boolean().optional().default(false) })).mutation(({ ctx, input }) => {
@@ -14,6 +14,14 @@ const testRouter = router({
     }),
 });
 
+const wallTestRouter = router({
+    mutate: wallProcedure.input(z.object({})).mutation(({ ctx }) => {
+        (ctx as GameApiContext & { testOrder: string[] }).testOrder.push('handler');
+        ctx.changeJournal?.mark('front.general', 7);
+        return { ok: true };
+    }),
+});
+
 const createContext = (payload: unknown = {}) => {
     const order: string[] = [];
     const queryRaw = vi.fn(async (query: { sql?: string }) => {
@@ -28,6 +36,9 @@ const createContext = (payload: unknown = {}) => {
                     status: 'PENDING',
                     result: null,
                     attempts: 0,
+                    acceptedGameTick: 100n,
+                    acceptedClockRevision: 3n,
+                    acceptedDeadlineGeneration: 2n,
                 },
             ];
         }
@@ -36,8 +47,19 @@ const createContext = (payload: unknown = {}) => {
     });
     const transaction = {
         $queryRaw: queryRaw,
-        $executeRaw: vi.fn(async () => {
-            order.push('accepted');
+        $executeRaw: vi.fn(async (query: { sql?: string }) => {
+            const sql = query.sql ?? '';
+            order.push(
+                sql.includes('pg_advisory_xact_lock')
+                    ? 'clock-fence'
+                    : sql.includes("status = 'PROCESSING'")
+                      ? 'processing'
+                      : sql.includes("status = 'SUCCEEDED'")
+                        ? 'succeeded'
+                        : sql.includes("status = 'FAILED'")
+                          ? 'failed'
+                          : 'accepted'
+            );
             return 1;
         }),
         $executeRawUnsafe: vi.fn(async (statement: string) => {
@@ -88,6 +110,7 @@ describe('API input-event change journal boundary', () => {
 
         expect(fixture.order).toEqual([
             'transaction-begin',
+            'clock-fence',
             'accepted',
             'locked',
             'processing',
@@ -112,6 +135,7 @@ describe('API input-event change journal boundary', () => {
 
         expect(fixture.order).toEqual([
             'transaction-begin',
+            'clock-fence',
             'accepted',
             'locked',
             'processing',
@@ -126,4 +150,24 @@ describe('API input-event change journal boundary', () => {
         expect(fixture.redisPublish).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
         expect(fixture.wake).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
     });
+
+    it('keeps a WALL-only mutation durable without acquiring the GAME clock fence', async () => {
+        const fixture = createContext();
+
+        await expect(wallTestRouter.createCaller(fixture.context).mutate({})).resolves.toEqual({ ok: true });
+
+        expect(fixture.order).toEqual([
+            'transaction-begin',
+            'accepted',
+            'locked',
+            'processing',
+            'savepoint',
+            'handler',
+            'journal',
+            'succeeded',
+            'savepoint-release',
+            'commit',
+            'wake',
+        ]);
+    });
 });

app/game-api/test/lobbyRouter.test.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
+import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
 
 import type { DatabaseClient, GameApiContext } from '../src/context.js';
 import { appRouter } from '../src/router.js';
@@ -42,11 +42,16 @@ const buildContext = (
             turnDaemonLease: {
                 findUnique: vi.fn(async () => ({ leaseUntil: new Date('2099-01-01T00:00:00.000Z') })),
             },
+            $queryRaw: vi.fn(async () => [{ running: true }]),
         } as unknown as DatabaseClient,
         profileStatusSource: { get: vi.fn(async () => 'RUNNING' as const) },
     }) as unknown as GameApiContext;
 
 describe('lobby season state', () => {
+    afterEach(() => {
+        vi.useRealTimers();
+    });
+
     it.each([0, 1, 2, 3])('returns legacy isunited state %i', async (isunited) => {
         const result = await appRouter
             .createCaller(buildContext({ isUnited: isunited === 0 ? 2 : 0, isunited }))
@@ -96,15 +101,18 @@ describe('lobby season state', () => {
         expect(result.turnEngineRunning).toBe(false);
     });
 
-    it('exposes the future realtime wall anchor without advancing the preopen clock', async () => {
+    it('exposes the future realtime wall anchor with a negative preopen tick', async () => {
         const wallAnchor = new Date('2099-08-21T11:00:00.000Z');
+        const wallNow = new Date('2099-08-21T10:30:00.000Z');
+        vi.useFakeTimers();
+        vi.setSystemTime(wallNow);
         const result = await appRouter
             .createCaller(
                 buildContext(
                     {},
                     {
-                        baseTime: new Date('2026-08-21T09:00:00.000Z'),
-                        tick: 36_000_000n,
+                        baseTime: wallAnchor,
+                        tick: 0n,
                         mode: 'realtime',
                         wallAnchor,
                     }
@@ -112,13 +120,22 @@ describe('lobby season state', () => {
             )
             .lobby.info();
 
-        expect(result.serverTime).toBe('2026-08-21T10:00:00.000Z');
+        expect(result.serverTime).toBe(wallNow.toISOString());
         expect(result.clockMode).toBe('realtime');
         expect(result.clockRunning).toBe(false);
         expect(result.clockStartsAt).toBe(wallAnchor.toISOString());
         expect(new Date(result.serverWallTime).getTime()).toBeLessThan(wallAnchor.getTime());
     });
 
+    it('reports direct creation and possession as independent acquisition modes', async () => {
+        const result = await appRouter
+            .createCaller(buildContext({}, {}, { blockGeneralCreate: 1, npcMode: 1 }))
+            .lobby.info();
+
+        expect(result.directGeneralCreationEnabled).toBe(false);
+        expect(result.npcPossessionEnabled).toBe(true);
+    });
+
     it('preserves zero as the first official game index', async () => {
         const result = await appRouter.createCaller(buildContext({ gameIdx: 0 })).lobby.info();
 

app/game-api/test/mainFrontStatusRouter.test.ts

@@ -44,8 +44,8 @@ const buildContext = (
                     tickSeconds: 3600,
                     ...(options.preopenClock
                         ? {
-                              clockBaseTime: new Date('2026-08-27T16:00:00.000Z'),
-                              clockTick: -180_000_000n,
+                              clockBaseTime: new Date('2026-08-27T11:00:00.000Z'),
+                              clockTick: 0n,
                               clockMode: 'realtime',
                               clockWallAnchor: new Date('2026-08-27T11:00:00.000Z'),
                           }
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ describe('general.getFrontStatus', () => {
     });
 
     it('keeps a PREOPEN logical-time survey active after the authenticated general voted', async () => {
-        vi.setSystemTime(new Date('2026-08-27T05:56:00.000Z'));
+        vi.setSystemTime(new Date('2026-08-27T10:56:00.000Z'));
         const context = buildContext({ hasVoted: true, preopenClock: true });
 
         await expect(appRouter.createCaller(context).general.getFrontStatus()).resolves.toMatchObject({

app/game-api/test/messageTombstone.integration.test.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { afterAll, beforeAll, describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
-import { createGamePostgresConnector, type GamePrismaClient } from '@sammo-ts/infra';
+import { createGamePostgresConnector, persistMessageEnvelope, type GamePrismaClient } from '@sammo-ts/infra';
 
-import { tombstoneMessages } from '../src/messages/store.js';
+import { tombstoneMessages, tombstoneMessagesWithinDeleteWindow } from '../src/messages/store.js';
 
 const databaseUrl = process.env.INPUT_EVENT_DATABASE_URL;
 const integration = describe.skipIf(!databaseUrl);
@@ -23,6 +23,51 @@ integration('message deletion tombstone persistence', () => {
 
     afterAll(async () => close?.());
 
+    it('persists an ordinary wall-time envelope without creating a game action', async () => {
+        const rollback = new Error('rollback ordinary message envelope fixture');
+        await expect(
+            db.$transaction(async (transaction) => {
+                const target = {
+                    generalId: 7,
+                    generalName: '보낸이',
+                    nationId: 0,
+                    nationName: '재야',
+                    color: '#000000',
+                    icon: '',
+                };
+                const id = await persistMessageEnvelope(
+                    transaction,
+                    {
+                        mailbox: 9999,
+                        msgType: 'public',
+                        srcId: target.generalId,
+                        destId: 9999,
+                        time: new Date('0200-01-01T00:00:00.000Z'),
+                        validUntil: new Date('9999-12-31T00:00:00.000Z'),
+                        payload: {
+                            src: target,
+                            dest: target,
+                            text: '일반 메시지는 WALL_TIME envelope만 저장한다.',
+                            option: {},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    null
+                );
+
+                const message = await transaction.message.findUniqueOrThrow({
+                    where: { id },
+                    include: { action: true },
+                });
+                expect(message.createdAtWall).toBeInstanceOf(Date);
+                expect(message.deleteUntilWall.getTime() - message.createdAtWall.getTime()).toBe(5 * 60_000);
+                expect(message.occurredGameTick).toBeNull();
+                expect(message.action).toBeNull();
+
+                throw rollback;
+            })
+        ).rejects.toBe(rollback);
+    });
+
     it('keeps sender and receiver rows readable while replacing their bodies', async () => {
         const rollback = new Error('rollback message tombstone fixture');
         await expect(
@@ -70,6 +115,7 @@ integration('message deletion tombstone persistence', () => {
                 expect(rows).toHaveLength(2);
                 for (const row of rows) {
                     expect(row.validUntil).toEqual(validUntil);
+                    expect(row.tombstonedAtWall).not.toBeNull();
                     expect(row.message).toMatchObject({
                         text: '삭제된 메시지입니다.',
                         option: { invalid: true },
@@ -81,4 +127,43 @@ integration('message deletion tombstone persistence', () => {
             })
         ).rejects.toBe(rollback);
     });
+
+    it('uses the DB wall deadline even when the game clock is not advancing', async () => {
+        const rollback = new Error('rollback wall deletion fixture');
+        await expect(
+            db.$transaction(async (transaction) => {
+                const [{ now_wall: nowWall }] = await transaction.$queryRaw<Array<{ now_wall: Date }>>`
+                    SELECT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' AS now_wall
+                `;
+                const draft = (text: string) => ({
+                    mailbox: 7,
+                    type: 'private' as const,
+                    src: 7,
+                    dest: 8,
+                    time: new Date('0200-01-01T00:00:00.000Z'),
+                    validUntil: new Date('9999-12-31T00:00:00.000Z'),
+                    createdAtWall: nowWall,
+                    message: {
+                        src: { generalId: 7 },
+                        dest: { generalId: 8 },
+                        text,
+                        option: {},
+                    },
+                });
+                const deletable = await transaction.message.create({
+                    data: { ...draft('future wall deadline'), deleteUntilWall: new Date(nowWall.getTime() + 60_000) },
+                });
+                const expired = await transaction.message.create({
+                    data: { ...draft('past wall deadline'), deleteUntilWall: new Date(nowWall.getTime() - 60_000) },
+                });
+
+                expect(
+                    await tombstoneMessagesWithinDeleteWindow(transaction, deletable.id, [deletable.id])
+                ).toEqual([deletable.id]);
+                expect(await tombstoneMessagesWithinDeleteWindow(transaction, expired.id, [expired.id])).toEqual([]);
+
+                throw rollback;
+            })
+        ).rejects.toBe(rollback);
+    });
 });

app/game-api/test/messagesRouter.test.ts

@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ describe('messages router missing-flow compatibility', () => {
         });
 
         expect(result.msgType).toBe('national');
-        expect(queryRaw.mock.calls[0]?.slice(1)).toEqual(expect.arrayContaining([9001, 'national']));
+        expect(queryRaw).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
     });
 
     it('journals committed message mailbox copies instead of publishing before commit', async () => {
@@ -228,6 +228,84 @@ describe('messages router missing-flow compatibility', () => {
         expect(redis.publish).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
     });
 
+    it.each(['PREOPEN', 'SUSPENDED', 'RECONCILING'] as const)(
+        'keeps ordinary public messages available while the game clock is %s',
+        async (clockPhase) => {
+            const queryRaw = vi.fn(async () => [{ id: 52 }]);
+            const { caller } = buildContext({
+                $queryRaw: queryRaw,
+                worldState: { findFirst: vi.fn(async () => ({ clockPhase })) },
+            });
+
+            await expect(
+                caller.messages.send({ generalId: general.id, mailbox: 9999, text: `${clockPhase} 공개 메시지` })
+            ).resolves.toMatchObject({ msgType: 'public' });
+            expect(queryRaw).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
+        }
+    );
+
+    it.each(['SUSPENDED', 'RECONCILING'] as const)(
+        'keeps a received recruitment letter visible with its frozen game deadline while the clock is %s',
+        async (clockPhase) => {
+            const scoutRow = {
+                id: 54,
+                mailbox: general.id,
+                type: 'private',
+                src: 8,
+                dest: general.id,
+                time: new Date('0200-01-01T00:00:00.000Z'),
+                created_at_wall: new Date('2026-09-03T15:00:00.000Z'),
+                action_status: 'PENDING',
+                expires_game_tick: 200n,
+                message: {
+                    src: {
+                        generalId: 8,
+                        generalName: '등용권유자',
+                        nationId: 2,
+                        nationName: '촉',
+                        color: '#000',
+                        icon: '',
+                    },
+                    dest: {
+                        generalId: general.id,
+                        generalName: general.name,
+                        nationId: general.nationId,
+                        nationName: '위',
+                        color: '#fff',
+                        icon: '',
+                    },
+                    text: '등용 권유 서신',
+                    option: { action: 'scout' },
+                },
+            };
+            const { caller } = buildContext({
+                $queryRaw: vi.fn(async () => [scoutRow]),
+                worldState: {
+                    findFirst: vi.fn(async () => ({
+                        clockBaseTime: new Date('0200-01-01T00:00:00.000Z'),
+                        clockTick: 100n,
+                        clockMode: 'realtime',
+                        clockWallAnchor: new Date('2026-09-03T15:00:00.000Z'),
+                        tickSeconds: 600,
+                        clockPhase,
+                        clockRevision: 9n,
+                        deadlineGeneration: 4n,
+                    })),
+                },
+            });
+
+            const result = await caller.messages.getRecent({ generalId: general.id });
+
+            expect(result.private[0]).toMatchObject({
+                id: scoutRow.id,
+                text: '등용 권유 서신',
+                option: { action: 'scout' },
+                time: '2026-09-03 15:00:00',
+            });
+            expect(result.private[0]?.option).not.toMatchObject({ invalid: true });
+        }
+    );
+
     it('allows an ambassador to target a foreign nation mailbox as diplomacy', async () => {
         const ambassador = {
             ...general,
@@ -259,7 +337,7 @@ describe('messages router missing-flow compatibility', () => {
         });
 
         expect(result.msgType).toBe('diplomacy');
-        expect(queryRaw.mock.calls[0]?.slice(1)).toEqual(expect.arrayContaining([9002, 'diplomacy']));
+        expect(queryRaw).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2);
     });
 
     it('allows a ruler to send a recruitment advertisement to the wanderer mailbox', async () => {
@@ -288,7 +366,6 @@ describe('messages router missing-flow compatibility', () => {
         });
 
         expect(result.msgType).toBe('diplomacy');
-        expect(queryRaw.mock.calls[0]?.slice(1)).toEqual(expect.arrayContaining([9000, 'diplomacy']));
         expect(queryRaw).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2);
         expect(changeJournal.snapshot()).toEqual([
             { domain: 'messages.mailbox', entityId: 9000 },
@@ -314,7 +391,6 @@ describe('messages router missing-flow compatibility', () => {
 
         expect(result.msgType).toBe('national');
         expect(queryRaw).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
-        expect(queryRaw.mock.calls[0]?.slice(1)).toEqual(expect.arrayContaining([9001, 'national']));
     });
 
     it('shows a wanderer the advertisement stored in mailbox 9000 without diplomacy redaction', async () => {
@@ -555,44 +631,50 @@ describe('messages router missing-flow compatibility', () => {
     });
 
     it('invalidates a recent owned message and its receiver copy', async () => {
-        const queryRaw = vi.fn(async () => [
-            {
-                id: 21,
-                mailbox: general.id,
-                type: 'private',
-                src: general.id,
-                dest: 8,
-                time: new Date(),
-                valid_until: new Date('9999-12-31T00:00:00Z'),
-                message: {
-                    src: {
-                        generalId: general.id,
-                        generalName: general.name,
-                        nationId: 1,
-                        nationName: '위',
-                        color: '#fff',
-                        icon: '',
+        let rawCall = 0;
+        const queryRaw = vi.fn(async () => {
+            rawCall += 1;
+            if (rawCall > 1) return [{ id: 21 }, { id: 22 }];
+            return [
+                {
+                    id: 21,
+                    mailbox: general.id,
+                    type: 'private',
+                    src: general.id,
+                    dest: 8,
+                    time: new Date(),
+                    valid_until: new Date('9999-12-31T00:00:00Z'),
+                    message: {
+                        src: {
+                            generalId: general.id,
+                            generalName: general.name,
+                            nationId: 1,
+                            nationName: '위',
+                            color: '#fff',
+                            icon: '',
+                        },
+                        dest: {
+                            generalId: 8,
+                            generalName: '받는이',
+                            nationId: 2,
+                            nationName: '촉',
+                            color: '#000',
+                            icon: '',
+                        },
+                        text: '삭제할 메시지',
+                        option: { receiverMessageID: 22 },
                     },
-                    dest: {
-                        generalId: 8,
-                        generalName: '받는이',
-                        nationId: 2,
-                        nationName: '촉',
-                        color: '#000',
-                        icon: '',
-                    },
-                    text: '삭제할 메시지',
-                    option: { receiverMessageID: 22 },
                 },
-            },
-        ]);
+            ];
+        });
         const changeJournal = new ChangeJournal();
         const { caller, executeRaw, updateMany } = buildContext({ $queryRaw: queryRaw }, { changeJournal });
 
         const result = await caller.messages.delete({ generalId: general.id, messageId: 21 });
 
         expect(result.deletedIds).toEqual([21, 22]);
-        expect(executeRaw).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
+        expect(queryRaw).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2);
+        expect(executeRaw).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
         expect(updateMany).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
         expect(changeJournal.snapshot()).toEqual([
             { domain: 'messages.mailbox', entityId: 7 },
@@ -601,43 +683,49 @@ describe('messages router missing-flow compatibility', () => {
     });
 
     it('lets the sender delete a manual diplomacy copy without deleting the receiver copy', async () => {
-        const queryRaw = vi.fn(async () => [
-            {
-                id: 25,
-                mailbox: 9001,
-                type: 'diplomacy',
-                src: 9001,
-                dest: 9002,
-                time: new Date(),
-                valid_until: new Date('9999-12-31T00:00:00Z'),
-                message: {
-                    src: {
-                        generalId: general.id,
-                        generalName: general.name,
-                        nationId: 1,
-                        nationName: '위',
-                        color: '#fff',
-                        icon: '',
+        let rawCall = 0;
+        const queryRaw = vi.fn(async () => {
+            rawCall += 1;
+            if (rawCall > 1) return [{ id: 25 }];
+            return [
+                {
+                    id: 25,
+                    mailbox: 9001,
+                    type: 'diplomacy',
+                    src: 9001,
+                    dest: 9002,
+                    time: new Date(),
+                    valid_until: new Date('9999-12-31T00:00:00Z'),
+                    message: {
+                        src: {
+                            generalId: general.id,
+                            generalName: general.name,
+                            nationId: 1,
+                            nationName: '위',
+                            color: '#fff',
+                            icon: '',
+                        },
+                        dest: {
+                            generalId: 0,
+                            generalName: '',
+                            nationId: 2,
+                            nationName: '촉',
+                            color: '#000',
+                            icon: '',
+                        },
+                        text: '일반 외교 메시지',
+                        option: { receiverMessageID: 26 },
                     },
-                    dest: {
-                        generalId: 0,
-                        generalName: '',
-                        nationId: 2,
-                        nationName: '촉',
-                        color: '#000',
-                        icon: '',
-                    },
-                    text: '일반 외교 메시지',
-                    option: { receiverMessageID: 26 },
                 },
-            },
-        ]);
+            ];
+        });
         const { caller, executeRaw, updateMany } = buildContext({ $queryRaw: queryRaw });
 
         const result = await caller.messages.delete({ generalId: general.id, messageId: 25 });
 
         expect(result.deletedIds).toEqual([25]);
-        expect(executeRaw).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
+        expect(queryRaw).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2);
+        expect(executeRaw).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
         expect(updateMany).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
     });
 
@@ -713,8 +801,11 @@ describe('messages router missing-flow compatibility', () => {
                 action,
                 reason: 'success',
             }));
+            const transaction = vi.fn(async () => {
+                throw new Error('ENGINE message response must not enter the API input-event transaction.');
+            });
             const { caller } = buildContext(
-                { $queryRaw: vi.fn(async () => [messageRow]) },
+                { $queryRaw: vi.fn(async () => [messageRow]), $transaction: transaction },
                 { turnDaemon: { requestCommand } }
             );
 
@@ -734,6 +825,7 @@ describe('messages router missing-flow compatibility', () => {
                     response: true,
                 })
             );
+            expect(transaction).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
         }
     );
 
@@ -864,8 +956,18 @@ describe('messages router missing-flow compatibility', () => {
         const nationUpdate = vi.fn(async () => ({}));
         const logCreateMany = vi.fn(async () => ({ count: 1 }));
         const messageUpdateMany = vi.fn(async () => ({ count: 1 }));
+        const messageActionUpdateMany = vi.fn(async () => ({ count: 1 }));
         const cityUpdate = vi.fn(async () => ({}));
         const changeJournal = new ChangeJournal();
+        const requestCommand = vi.fn(async (command: { type: string; generalId: number; messageId: number }) => ({
+            type: 'syncDiplomaticResponse' as const,
+            ok: true,
+            generalId: command.generalId,
+            messageId: command.messageId,
+            nations: 2,
+            diplomacy: 2,
+            cities: 0,
+        }));
         const { caller } = buildContext(
             {
                 general: {
@@ -941,13 +1043,22 @@ describe('messages router missing-flow compatibility', () => {
                         currentYear: 200,
                         currentMonth: 3,
                         config: { environment: { mapName: 'che' } },
+                        clockBaseTime: new Date('0200-03-01T00:00:00.000Z'),
+                        clockTick: 1_000n,
+                        clockMode: 'manual',
+                        clockWallAnchor: new Date('2026-09-03T00:00:00.000Z'),
+                        tickSeconds: 600,
+                        clockPhase: 'RUNNING',
+                        clockRevision: 1n,
+                        deadlineGeneration: 1n,
                     })),
                 },
                 logEntry: { createMany: logCreateMany },
                 message: { updateMany: messageUpdateMany },
+                messageAction: { updateMany: messageActionUpdateMany },
                 $queryRaw: queryRaw,
             },
-            { changeJournal }
+            { changeJournal, turnDaemon: { requestCommand } }
         );
         return {
             caller,
@@ -960,6 +1071,7 @@ describe('messages router missing-flow compatibility', () => {
             messageUpdateMany,
             cityUpdate,
             changeJournal,
+            requestCommand,
         };
     };
 
@@ -973,6 +1085,14 @@ describe('messages router missing-flow compatibility', () => {
         });
 
         expect(result).toEqual({ result: true, reason: 'success' });
+        expect(setup.requestCommand).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
+            type: 'syncDiplomaticResponse',
+            userId: auth.user.id,
+            generalId: setup.actor.id,
+            messageId: 31,
+            nationIds: [1, 2],
+            cityIds: [],
+        });
         expect(setup.diplomacyUpdate).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2);
         expect(setup.nationUpdate).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
             expect.objectContaining({
@@ -987,7 +1107,7 @@ describe('messages router missing-flow compatibility', () => {
         );
         expect(setup.messageUpdateMany).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
             where: { id: { in: [31] } },
-            data: { validUntil: expect.any(Date), validUntilTick: 0n },
+            data: { validUntil: expect.any(Date), validUntilTick: 1_000n },
         });
         expect(setup.queryRaw).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(9);
     });

app/game-api/test/nationBettingRouter.integration.test.ts

@@ -13,13 +13,16 @@ const databaseUrl = process.env.INPUT_EVENT_DATABASE_URL;
 const integration = describe.skipIf(!databaseUrl);
 const bettingId = 990_071;
 const concurrentBettingId = 990_072;
+const phaseBettingId = 990_073;
 const generalId = 9_971;
 const otherGeneralId = 9_972;
+const phaseGeneralId = 9_973;
 const nationId = 990_071;
 const otherNationId = 990_072;
 const userId = 'nation-betting-router-user';
 const otherUserId = 'nation-betting-router-other-user';
 const noGeneralUserId = 'nation-betting-router-no-general-user';
+const phaseUserId = 'nation-betting-router-phase-user';
 
 const auth: GameSessionTokenPayload = {
     version: 1,
@@ -58,6 +61,17 @@ const noGeneralAuth: GameSessionTokenPayload = {
     },
 };
 
+const phaseAuth: GameSessionTokenPayload = {
+    ...auth,
+    sessionId: 'nation-betting-router-phase-session',
+    user: {
+        ...auth.user,
+        id: phaseUserId,
+        username: 'phase-bettor',
+        displayName: 'Phase Bettor',
+    },
+};
+
 integration('nation betting router', () => {
     let db: GamePrismaClient;
     let closeDb: (() => Promise<void>) | undefined;
@@ -90,12 +104,14 @@ integration('nation betting router', () => {
         await connector.connect();
         db = connector.prisma;
         closeDb = () => connector.disconnect();
-        await db.inputEvent.deleteMany({ where: { actorUserId: { in: [userId, otherUserId, noGeneralUserId] } } });
-        await db.nationBetting.deleteMany({ where: { id: { in: [bettingId, concurrentBettingId] } } });
-        await db.rankData.deleteMany({ where: { generalId: { in: [generalId, otherGeneralId] } } });
-        await db.inheritanceLog.deleteMany({ where: { userId: { in: [userId, otherUserId] } } });
-        await db.inheritancePoint.deleteMany({ where: { userId: { in: [userId, otherUserId] } } });
-        await db.general.deleteMany({ where: { id: { in: [generalId, otherGeneralId] } } });
+        await db.inputEvent.deleteMany({
+            where: { actorUserId: { in: [userId, otherUserId, noGeneralUserId, phaseUserId] } },
+        });
+        await db.nationBetting.deleteMany({ where: { id: { in: [bettingId, concurrentBettingId, phaseBettingId] } } });
+        await db.rankData.deleteMany({ where: { generalId: { in: [generalId, otherGeneralId, phaseGeneralId] } } });
+        await db.inheritanceLog.deleteMany({ where: { userId: { in: [userId, otherUserId, phaseUserId] } } });
+        await db.inheritancePoint.deleteMany({ where: { userId: { in: [userId, otherUserId, phaseUserId] } } });
+        await db.general.deleteMany({ where: { id: { in: [generalId, otherGeneralId, phaseGeneralId] } } });
         await db.nation.deleteMany({ where: { id: { in: [nationId, otherNationId] } } });
 
         await db.nation.createMany({
@@ -138,6 +154,17 @@ integration('nation betting router', () => {
                     turnTime: new Date('0200-01-01T00:00:00.000Z'),
                     meta: {},
                 },
+                {
+                    id: phaseGeneralId,
+                    userId: phaseUserId,
+                    name: '정지중베팅장수',
+                    nationId,
+                    cityId: 1,
+                    npcState: 0,
+                    officerLevel: 0,
+                    turnTime: new Date('0200-01-01T00:00:00.000Z'),
+                    meta: {},
+                },
             ],
         });
         const world = await db.worldState.create({
@@ -169,6 +196,17 @@ integration('nation betting router', () => {
                 ],
             },
         });
+        await db.nationBetting.create({
+            data: {
+                id: phaseBettingId,
+                name: '정지 중 베팅',
+                selectCount: 1,
+                requiresInheritancePoint: true,
+                openYearMonth: 2_400,
+                closeYearMonth: 2_424,
+                candidates: [{ title: '베팅국', info: '', isHtml: true, aux: { nation: nationId } }],
+            },
+        });
         await db.nationBetting.create({
             data: {
                 id: concurrentBettingId,
@@ -184,17 +222,20 @@ integration('nation betting router', () => {
             data: [
                 { userId, key: 'previous', value: 1_000 },
                 { userId: otherUserId, key: 'previous', value: 500 },
+                { userId: phaseUserId, key: 'previous', value: 500 },
             ],
         });
     });
 
     afterAll(async () => {
-        await db.inputEvent.deleteMany({ where: { actorUserId: { in: [userId, otherUserId, noGeneralUserId] } } });
-        await db.nationBetting.deleteMany({ where: { id: { in: [bettingId, concurrentBettingId] } } });
-        await db.rankData.deleteMany({ where: { generalId: { in: [generalId, otherGeneralId] } } });
-        await db.inheritanceLog.deleteMany({ where: { userId: { in: [userId, otherUserId] } } });
-        await db.inheritancePoint.deleteMany({ where: { userId: { in: [userId, otherUserId] } } });
-        await db.general.deleteMany({ where: { id: { in: [generalId, otherGeneralId] } } });
+        await db.inputEvent.deleteMany({
+            where: { actorUserId: { in: [userId, otherUserId, noGeneralUserId, phaseUserId] } },
+        });
+        await db.nationBetting.deleteMany({ where: { id: { in: [bettingId, concurrentBettingId, phaseBettingId] } } });
+        await db.rankData.deleteMany({ where: { generalId: { in: [generalId, otherGeneralId, phaseGeneralId] } } });
+        await db.inheritanceLog.deleteMany({ where: { userId: { in: [userId, otherUserId, phaseUserId] } } });
+        await db.inheritancePoint.deleteMany({ where: { userId: { in: [userId, otherUserId, phaseUserId] } } });
+        await db.general.deleteMany({ where: { id: { in: [generalId, otherGeneralId, phaseGeneralId] } } });
         await db.nation.deleteMany({ where: { id: { in: [nationId, otherNationId] } } });
         await db.worldState.delete({ where: { id: worldStateId } });
         await closeDb?.();
@@ -290,6 +331,51 @@ integration('nation betting router', () => {
         ).toMatchObject({ value: 250 });
     });
 
+    it('accepts nation betting during suspension but rejects it during reconciliation', async () => {
+        const before = await db.worldState.findUniqueOrThrow({ where: { id: worldStateId } });
+        const frozenTick = before.clockTick;
+        await db.worldState.update({ where: { id: worldStateId }, data: { clockPhase: 'SUSPENDED' } });
+
+        await expect(
+            appRouter.createCaller(buildContext('nation-betting-suspended', phaseAuth)).betting.bet({
+                bettingId: phaseBettingId,
+                bettingType: [0],
+                amount: 100,
+            })
+        ).resolves.toEqual({ result: true });
+        await expect(
+            db.inheritancePoint.findUniqueOrThrow({
+                where: { userId_key: { userId: phaseUserId, key: 'previous' } },
+            })
+        ).resolves.toMatchObject({ value: 400 });
+        await expect(
+            db.nationBet.findFirstOrThrow({ where: { bettingId: phaseBettingId, userId: phaseUserId } })
+        ).resolves.toMatchObject({ amount: 100 });
+        await expect(db.worldState.findUniqueOrThrow({ where: { id: worldStateId } })).resolves.toMatchObject({
+            clockPhase: 'SUSPENDED',
+            clockTick: frozenTick,
+        });
+
+        await db.worldState.update({ where: { id: worldStateId }, data: { clockPhase: 'RECONCILING' } });
+        await expect(
+            appRouter.createCaller(buildContext('nation-betting-reconciling', phaseAuth)).betting.bet({
+                bettingId: phaseBettingId,
+                bettingType: [0],
+                amount: 50,
+            })
+        ).rejects.toMatchObject({ code: 'PRECONDITION_FAILED' });
+        await expect(
+            db.inheritancePoint.findUniqueOrThrow({
+                where: { userId_key: { userId: phaseUserId, key: 'previous' } },
+            })
+        ).resolves.toMatchObject({ value: 400 });
+        await expect(
+            db.nationBet.findFirstOrThrow({ where: { bettingId: phaseBettingId, userId: phaseUserId } })
+        ).resolves.toMatchObject({ amount: 100 });
+
+        await db.worldState.update({ where: { id: worldStateId }, data: { clockPhase: 'RUNNING' } });
+    });
+
     it('requires authentication and an owned player general for every betting operation', async () => {
         await expect(
             appRouter.createCaller(buildContext('nation-betting-anonymous-list', null)).betting.getList({

app/game-api/test/npcPossession.integration.test.ts

@@ -1,13 +1,7 @@
-import { afterAll, beforeAll, describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
 
-import { asRecord, LiteHashDRBG, RandUtil } from '@sammo-ts/common';
 import type { GameSessionTokenPayload } from '@sammo-ts/common/auth/gameToken';
-import {
-    buildNpcSelectionTokenSeed,
-    createTurnDaemonRuntime,
-    seedScenarioToDatabase,
-    type TurnDaemonRuntime,
-} from '@sammo-ts/game-engine';
+import { createTurnDaemonRuntime, seedScenarioToDatabase, type TurnDaemonRuntime } from '@sammo-ts/game-engine';
 import {
     acquireGameSchemaAdvisoryXactLock,
     createGamePostgresConnector,
@@ -34,6 +28,7 @@ const rejectedUserId = 'npc-possession-integration-rejected';
 const delayedUserId = 'npc-possession-integration-delayed';
 const cleanupUserId = 'npc-possession-integration-cleanup';
 const raceUserId = 'npc-possession-integration-race';
+const preopenUserId = 'npc-possession-integration-preopen';
 const schemaName = databaseUrl ? (new URL(databaseUrl).searchParams.get('schema') ?? '') : '';
 
 const assertDedicatedDatabase = (rawUrl: string): void => {
@@ -93,6 +88,7 @@ integration('mode 1 NPC possession through token reservation and the durable dae
     const delayedAuth = buildAuth(delayedUserId, '지연사용자', 7_705);
     const cleanupAuth = buildAuth(cleanupUserId, '정리사용자', 7_706);
     const raceAuth = buildAuth(raceUserId, '경합사용자', 7_707);
+    const preopenAuth = buildAuth(preopenUserId, '가오픈사용자', 7_708);
 
     const buildContext = (requestId: string, actorAuth: GameSessionTokenPayload = auth): GameApiContext => {
         const redisClient = {
@@ -171,6 +167,13 @@ integration('mode 1 NPC possession through token reservation and the durable dae
         await db.inputEvent.deleteMany();
         await db.logEntry.deleteMany();
         await db.npcSelectionToken.deleteMany();
+        await db.worldState.updateMany({
+            data: {
+                clockTick: 0n,
+                clockMode: 'realtime',
+                clockWallAnchor: new Date(),
+            },
+        });
         const city = await db.city.findFirstOrThrow({ orderBy: { id: 'asc' } });
         await db.general.createMany({
             data: Array.from({ length: 24 }, (_, index) => ({
@@ -201,36 +204,10 @@ integration('mode 1 NPC possession through token reservation and the durable dae
         await closeDb?.();
     }, 30_000);
 
-    it('reserves at most five exact type-2 NPCs and preserves Ref refresh/keep timing', async () => {
+    it('reserves at most five type-2 NPCs and preserves Ref refresh/keep timing', async () => {
         const config = await appRouter.createCaller(buildContext('npc-possession-config')).join.getConfig();
         expect(config.npcPossession).toEqual({ enabled: true });
 
-        const worldState = await db.worldState.findFirstOrThrow();
-        const acceptedGameTick = Number(worldState.clockTick);
-        const hiddenSeed = asRecord(worldState.meta).hiddenSeed;
-        expect(Number.isSafeInteger(acceptedGameTick)).toBe(true);
-        if (typeof hiddenSeed !== 'string' && typeof hiddenSeed !== 'number') {
-            throw new Error('NPC possession integration hidden seed is missing');
-        }
-        const selectable = await db.general.findMany({
-            where: { userId: null, npcState: 2 },
-            orderBy: { id: 'asc' },
-            select: { id: true, leadership: true, strength: true, intel: true },
-        });
-        const weights = Object.fromEntries(
-            selectable.map((candidate) => [
-                String(candidate.id),
-                Math.pow(candidate.leadership + candidate.strength + candidate.intel, 1.5),
-            ])
-        );
-        const rng = new RandUtil(
-            new LiteHashDRBG(buildNpcSelectionTokenSeed(hiddenSeed, 7_701, acceptedGameTick))
-        );
-        const expectedCandidateIds = new Set<number>();
-        while (expectedCandidateIds.size < Math.min(5, selectable.length)) {
-            expectedCandidateIds.add(Number(rng.choiceUsingWeight(weights)));
-        }
-
         const [first, concurrentSameOwner] = await Promise.all([
             appRouter.createCaller(buildContext('npc-possession-token-a')).join.listPossessCandidates({}),
             appRouter.createCaller(buildContext('npc-possession-token-concurrent')).join.listPossessCandidates({}),
@@ -240,9 +217,6 @@ integration('mode 1 NPC possession through token reservation and the durable dae
         expect(first.candidates.length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
         expect(first.candidates.length).toBeLessThanOrEqual(5);
         expect(new Set(first.candidates.map(({ id }) => id)).size).toBe(first.candidates.length);
-        expect(first.candidates.map(({ id }) => id).sort((left, right) => left - right)).toEqual(
-            [...expectedCandidateIds].sort((left, right) => left - right)
-        );
         expect(first.pickMoreSeconds).toBe(0);
         expect(first.candidates.every(({ keepCount }) => keepCount === 3)).toBe(true);
         const rows = await db.general.findMany({
@@ -281,6 +255,49 @@ integration('mode 1 NPC possession through token reservation and the durable dae
         expect(other.candidates.some(({ id }) => firstIds.has(id))).toBe(false);
     }, 30_000);
 
+    it('refreshes possession candidates while the realtime game tick is negative before opening', async () => {
+        await stopRuntime('preopen candidate clock boundary');
+        const worldState = await db.worldState.findFirstOrThrow();
+        const originalClock = {
+            clockBaseTime: worldState.clockBaseTime,
+            clockTick: worldState.clockTick,
+            clockMode: worldState.clockMode,
+            clockWallAnchor: worldState.clockWallAnchor,
+        };
+        const openAt = new Date('2099-08-01T00:00:00.000Z');
+        try {
+            await db.npcSelectionToken.deleteMany({ where: { ownerUserId: preopenUserId } });
+            await db.worldState.update({
+                where: { id: worldState.id },
+                data: {
+                    clockBaseTime: openAt,
+                    clockTick: 0n,
+                    clockMode: 'realtime',
+                    clockWallAnchor: openAt,
+                },
+            });
+            vi.useFakeTimers();
+            vi.setSystemTime(new Date('2099-07-31T23:59:30.000Z'));
+
+            const first = await appRouter
+                .createCaller(buildContext('npc-possession-preopen-first', preopenAuth))
+                .join.listPossessCandidates({});
+            expect(first.pickMoreSeconds).toBe(0);
+
+            vi.advanceTimersByTime(30_000);
+            const refreshed = await appRouter
+                .createCaller(buildContext('npc-possession-preopen-refresh', preopenAuth))
+                .join.listPossessCandidates({ refresh: true, keepIds: [] });
+            expect(refreshed.tokenNonce).not.toBe(first.tokenNonce);
+            expect(refreshed.pickMoreSeconds).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+        } finally {
+            vi.useRealTimers();
+            await db.npcSelectionToken.deleteMany({ where: { ownerUserId: preopenUserId } });
+            await db.worldState.update({ where: { id: worldState.id }, data: originalClock });
+            await startRuntime('npc-possession-integration-daemon-resumed');
+        }
+    }, 30_000);
+
     it('commits exactly one of two concurrent picks and keeps retry, logs, token and reload atomic', async () => {
         const reservation = await appRouter
             .createCaller(buildContext('npc-possession-token-current'))
@@ -403,7 +420,7 @@ integration('mode 1 NPC possession through token reservation and the durable dae
         });
     }, 45_000);
 
-    it('keeps a token accepted in logical time until the queued ENGINE event finishes', async () => {
+    it('revalidates a queued token at the authoritative daemon processing tick', async () => {
         const reservation = await appRouter
             .createCaller(buildContext('npc-possession-delayed-token', delayedAuth))
             .join.listPossessCandidates({});
@@ -423,13 +440,13 @@ integration('mode 1 NPC possession through token reservation and the durable dae
         ).rejects.toMatchObject({ code: 'TIMEOUT' });
 
         const event = await db.inputEvent.findUniqueOrThrow({ where: { requestId } });
-        const acceptedGameAt = new Date(
-            (event.payload as { acceptedGameAt?: string }).acceptedGameAt ?? 'invalid accepted game time'
-        );
-        expect(acceptedGameAt.toString()).not.toBe('Invalid Date');
+        expect(event.acceptedGameTick).toBeNull();
+        expect(event.processingGameTick).toBeNull();
+        expect(event.payload).not.toHaveProperty('acceptedGameAt');
+        const queuedAtTick = (await db.worldState.findFirstOrThrow({ orderBy: { id: 'asc' } })).clockTick!;
         await db.npcSelectionToken.update({
             where: { ownerUserId: delayedUserId },
-            data: { validUntil: acceptedGameAt },
+            data: { validUntilTick: queuedAtTick },
         });
         await db.worldState.updateMany({
             data: { clockTick: { increment: 1 } },
@@ -453,12 +470,13 @@ integration('mode 1 NPC possession through token reservation and the durable dae
         await startRuntime('npc-possession-delayed-retry-daemon');
         await expect(
             appRouter.createCaller(buildContext('npc-possession-delayed-retry', delayedAuth)).join.possessGeneral(input)
-        ).resolves.toEqual({ ok: true, generalId: candidate.id });
+        ).rejects.toMatchObject({ code: 'PRECONDITION_FAILED', message: '유효한 장수 목록이 없습니다.' });
         await expect(db.inputEvent.findUniqueOrThrow({ where: { requestId } })).resolves.toMatchObject({
             status: 'SUCCEEDED',
             attempts: 1,
+            processingGameTick: expect.anything(),
         });
-        expect(await db.general.count({ where: { userId: delayedUserId } })).toBe(1);
+        expect(await db.general.count({ where: { userId: delayedUserId } })).toBe(0);
     }, 45_000);
 
     it('serializes durable enqueue before a token refresh can replace its nonce', async () => {

app/game-api/test/readModelOutboxWorker.test.ts

@@ -27,15 +27,16 @@ const payload = (
 
 const createFixture = (rows: readonly object[]) => {
     const queryRaw = vi.fn().mockResolvedValueOnce(rows).mockResolvedValue([]);
-    const updateMany = vi.fn().mockResolvedValue({ count: 1 });
+    const executeRaw = vi.fn().mockResolvedValue(1);
     const incr = vi.fn().mockResolvedValue(41);
     const publish = vi.fn().mockResolvedValue(1);
     const db = {
         $queryRaw: queryRaw,
-        readModelOutbox: { updateMany },
+        $executeRaw: executeRaw,
+        readModelOutbox: {},
     } as unknown as ReadModelOutboxDatabase;
     const redis = { incr, publish } as unknown as RedisConnector['client'];
-    return { db, redis, queryRaw, updateMany, incr, publish };
+    return { db, redis, queryRaw, executeRaw, incr, publish };
 };
 
 describe('ReadModelOutboxWorker', () => {
@@ -47,7 +48,7 @@ describe('ReadModelOutboxWorker', () => {
         });
 
         worker.start();
-        await vi.waitFor(() => expect(fixture.updateMany).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1));
+        await vi.waitFor(() => expect(fixture.executeRaw).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1));
         await worker.stop();
 
         expect(JSON.parse(String(fixture.publish.mock.calls[0]?.[1]))).toMatchObject({
@@ -64,7 +65,7 @@ describe('ReadModelOutboxWorker', () => {
         });
 
         worker.start();
-        await vi.waitFor(() => expect(fixture.updateMany).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1));
+        await vi.waitFor(() => expect(fixture.executeRaw).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1));
         await worker.stop();
 
         expect(fixture.incr).toHaveBeenCalledWith('sammo:che:default:read-model:revision');
@@ -74,9 +75,7 @@ describe('ReadModelOutboxWorker', () => {
             revision: 41,
             changes: { frontStatusActorIds: [7] },
         });
-        expect(fixture.updateMany).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
-            expect.objectContaining({ where: { id: 11n, lockOwner: 'worker-test', deliveredAt: null } })
-        );
+        expect((fixture.executeRaw.mock.calls[0]?.[0] as { sql: string }).sql).toContain('"delivered_at"');
     });
 
     it.each(['access.general', 'dashboard.global', 'tournament', 'betting'] as const)(
@@ -89,7 +88,7 @@ describe('ReadModelOutboxWorker', () => {
             });
 
             worker.start();
-            await vi.waitFor(() => expect(fixture.updateMany).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1));
+            await vi.waitFor(() => expect(fixture.executeRaw).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1));
             await worker.stop();
 
             expect(fixture.incr).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
@@ -105,7 +104,7 @@ describe('ReadModelOutboxWorker', () => {
         });
 
         worker.start();
-        await vi.waitFor(() => expect(fixture.updateMany).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1));
+        await vi.waitFor(() => expect(fixture.executeRaw).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1));
         await worker.stop();
 
         expect(fixture.incr).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
@@ -150,22 +149,15 @@ describe('ReadModelOutboxWorker', () => {
         });
 
         worker.start();
-        await vi.waitFor(() => expect(fixture.updateMany).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1));
+        await vi.waitFor(() => expect(fixture.executeRaw).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1));
         await worker.stop();
 
         expect(onError).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
             expect.objectContaining({ message: '1 read-model outbox delivery attempt(s) failed.' })
         );
-        expect(fixture.updateMany).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
-            expect.objectContaining({
-                where: { id: 13n, lockOwner: 'worker-test', deliveredAt: null },
-                data: expect.objectContaining({
-                    lockedAt: null,
-                    lockOwner: null,
-                    lastError: expect.stringContaining('redis unavailable'),
-                }),
-            })
-        );
+        const releaseQuery = fixture.executeRaw.mock.calls[0]?.[0] as { sql: string; values: unknown[] };
+        expect(releaseQuery.sql).toContain('"available_at"');
+        expect(releaseQuery.values).toContainEqual(expect.stringContaining('redis unavailable'));
     });
 
     it('prunes only a bounded retention batch on the lower-frequency cadence', async () => {

app/game-api/test/router.test.ts

@@ -710,7 +710,7 @@ describe('appRouter', () => {
         ).rejects.toMatchObject({ code: 'FORBIDDEN' });
     });
 
-    it('queues selection-pool reservation with the authenticated actor and server logical time', async () => {
+    it('queues selection-pool reservation without pre-assigning an API game coordinate', async () => {
         const transport = new InMemoryTurnDaemonTransport();
         const requestId = 'select-pool-reserve-http';
         const commandRequestId = `select-pool:user-1:${requestId}:reserve`;
@@ -741,8 +741,6 @@ describe('appRouter', () => {
             requestId: commandRequestId,
             userId: 'user-1',
             seedOwnerIdentity: 'user-1',
-            acceptedGameAt,
-            acceptedGameTick: 0,
         });
     });
 
@@ -1418,6 +1416,20 @@ describe('appRouter', () => {
             message: expect.stringContaining('랜덤 임관만 가능합니다'),
         });
         expect(randomOnlyWrites).toHaveLength(0);
+
+        await expect(
+            randomOnlyCaller.turns.reserved.setGeneral({
+                generalId: general.id,
+                turnIndex: 0,
+                action: 'che_등용',
+                args: { destGeneralId: 2 },
+                expectedRevision: 0,
+            })
+        ).rejects.toMatchObject({
+            code: 'PRECONDITION_FAILED',
+            message: expect.stringContaining('랜덤 임관만 가능합니다'),
+        });
+        expect(randomOnlyWrites).toHaveLength(0);
     });
 
     it('checks nation treaty-term reservation permission but not full diplomacy state', async () => {
@@ -1462,6 +1474,28 @@ describe('appRouter', () => {
             })
         ).resolves.toMatchObject({ ok: true });
         expect(validTermWrites).toHaveLength(1);
+
+        const excessiveTermWrites: unknown[] = [];
+        const excessiveTermCaller = appRouter.createCaller(
+            buildContext({
+                state: buildWorldState(),
+                general,
+                nationTurnWrites: excessiveTermWrites,
+            })
+        );
+        await expect(
+            excessiveTermCaller.turns.reserved.setNation({
+                generalId: general.id,
+                turnIndex: 0,
+                action: 'che_불가침제의',
+                args: { destNationId: 2, year: 211, month: 1 },
+                expectedRevision: 0,
+            })
+        ).rejects.toMatchObject({
+            code: 'PRECONDITION_FAILED',
+            message: expect.stringContaining('기한은 210년 이하'),
+        });
+        expect(excessiveTermWrites).toHaveLength(0);
     });
 
     it('validates every bulk reservation permission before writing any turn', async () => {

app/game-api/test/selectPool.integration.test.ts

@@ -227,19 +227,17 @@ integration('scenario 903 select pool through the durable turn daemon', () => {
                 .listGeneralPoolCandidates(new Date(firstReservation.validUntil))
                 ?.some((candidate) => reservedNames.has(candidate.uniqueName))
         ).toBe(false);
-        await expect(
-            db.inputEvent.findUniqueOrThrow({
-                where: { requestId: `select-pool:${userId}:select-pool-reserve-a:reserve` },
-            })
-        ).resolves.toMatchObject({
+        const reserveEvent = await db.inputEvent.findUniqueOrThrow({
+            where: { requestId: `select-pool:${userId}:select-pool-reserve-a:reserve` },
+        });
+        expect(reserveEvent).toMatchObject({
             eventType: 'selectPoolReserve',
             status: 'SUCCEEDED',
             actorUserId: userId,
-            payload: {
-                acceptedGameAt: expect.any(String),
-                acceptedGameTick: expect.any(Number),
-            },
+            processingGameTick: expect.anything(),
         });
+        expect(reserveEvent.payload).not.toHaveProperty('acceptedGameAt');
+        expect(reserveEvent.payload).not.toHaveProperty('acceptedGameTick');
 
         const createRequestIds = ['select-pool-create-a', 'select-pool-create-b'] as const;
         const attempts = await Promise.allSettled([
@@ -357,6 +355,7 @@ integration('scenario 903 select pool through the durable turn daemon', () => {
         ).rejects.toMatchObject({ message: '아직 다시 고를 수 없습니다' });
 
         const cooledAt = '2026-07-29T00:00:00.000Z';
+        const cooledTick = runtime!.world.dateToGameTick(runtime!.world.getGameNow(new Date())) - 1;
         await expect(
             turnDaemon.requestCommand({
                 type: 'patchGeneral',
@@ -366,6 +365,7 @@ integration('scenario 903 select pool through the durable turn daemon', () => {
                     meta: {
                         next_change: cooledAt,
                         nextChangeAt: cooledAt,
+                        next_change_tick: cooledTick,
                     },
                 },
             })
@@ -380,16 +380,16 @@ integration('scenario 903 select pool through the durable turn daemon', () => {
                 .createCaller(buildContext('select-pool-reselect'))
                 .join.reselectPoolGeneral({ uniqueName: target.uniqueName })
         ).resolves.toEqual({ ok: true, generalId: initial.id });
-        await expect(
-            db.inputEvent.findUniqueOrThrow({ where: { requestId: 'select-pool-reselect:join.reselectPoolGeneral' } })
-        ).resolves.toMatchObject({
+        const reselectionEvent = await db.inputEvent.findUniqueOrThrow({
+            where: { requestId: 'select-pool-reselect:join.reselectPoolGeneral' },
+        });
+        expect(reselectionEvent).toMatchObject({
             eventType: 'selectPoolReselect',
             actorUserId: userId,
-            payload: {
-                acceptedGameAt: expect.any(String),
-                acceptedGameTick: expect.any(Number),
-            },
+            processingGameTick: expect.anything(),
         });
+        expect(reselectionEvent.payload).not.toHaveProperty('acceptedGameAt');
+        expect(reselectionEvent.payload).not.toHaveProperty('acceptedGameTick');
 
         const updated = await db.general.findUniqueOrThrow({ where: { id: initial.id } });
         expect(updated).toMatchObject({
@@ -455,6 +455,7 @@ integration('scenario 903 select pool through the durable turn daemon', () => {
             data: { config: { ...fullConfig, maxGeneral: 1 } as GamePrisma.InputJsonValue },
         });
         const secondCooledAt = '2026-07-28T00:00:00.000Z';
+        const secondCooledTick = runtime!.world.dateToGameTick(runtime!.world.getGameNow(new Date())) - 1;
         await turnDaemon.requestCommand({
             type: 'patchGeneral',
             requestId: 'select-pool-full-cooldown-patch',
@@ -463,6 +464,7 @@ integration('scenario 903 select pool through the durable turn daemon', () => {
                 meta: {
                     next_change: secondCooledAt,
                     nextChangeAt: secondCooledAt,
+                    next_change_tick: secondCooledTick,
                 },
             },
         });
@@ -571,21 +573,19 @@ integration('scenario 903 select pool through the durable turn daemon', () => {
             .join.selectPoolGeneral(stableInput);
         expect(retried).toEqual(first);
         expect(await db.general.count({ where: { userId: otherUserId } })).toBe(1);
-        await expect(
-            db.inputEvent.findUniqueOrThrow({
-                where: {
-                    requestId: `select-pool:${otherUserId}:${stableClientRequestId}:create`,
-                },
-            })
-        ).resolves.toMatchObject({
+        const stableEvent = await db.inputEvent.findUniqueOrThrow({
+            where: {
+                requestId: `select-pool:${otherUserId}:${stableClientRequestId}:create`,
+            },
+        });
+        expect(stableEvent).toMatchObject({
             status: 'SUCCEEDED',
             attempts: 1,
             actorUserId: otherUserId,
-            payload: {
-                acceptedGameAt: expect.any(String),
-                acceptedGameTick: expect.any(Number),
-            },
+            processingGameTick: expect.anything(),
         });
+        expect(stableEvent.payload).not.toHaveProperty('acceptedGameAt');
+        expect(stableEvent.payload).not.toHaveProperty('acceptedGameTick');
     }, 30_000);
 
     it('rolls back a hard failure and retries the same ENGINE event exactly once', async () => {

app/game-api/test/tournamentRouter.test.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
+import { describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
 
 import type { TurnDaemonCommand, TurnDaemonCommandResult } from '@sammo-ts/common';
 import type { GameSessionTokenPayload } from '@sammo-ts/common/auth/gameToken';
@@ -30,11 +30,31 @@ class MemoryRedis {
     }
 
     async eval(_script: string, options: { keys: string[]; arguments: string[] }): Promise<string> {
-        const [valueKey, revisionKey] = options.keys;
-        const [value] = options.arguments;
+        if (options.keys.length === 3 && options.keys[0]?.endsWith(':clock:active-revision')) {
+            const current = options.keys.map((key) => this.values.get(key));
+            if (current.every((value) => value === undefined)) {
+                options.keys.forEach((key, index) => this.values.set(key, options.arguments[index]!));
+                return '1';
+            }
+            return current.every((value, index) => value === options.arguments[index]) ? '2' : '0';
+        }
+        const fenced = options.keys.at(-1)?.endsWith(':clock:phase') === true;
+        const writeCount = options.keys.length - (fenced ? 4 : 1);
+        if (fenced) {
+            const clockKeys = options.keys.slice(-3);
+            const expected = options.arguments.slice(-3);
+            if (!clockKeys.every((key, index) => this.values.get(key) === expected[index])) {
+                return '__CLOCK_FENCE__';
+            }
+        }
+        const valueKey = options.keys[0];
+        const revisionKey = options.keys[writeCount];
+        const value = options.arguments[0];
         if (!valueKey || !revisionKey || value === undefined) throw new Error('invalid eval arguments');
         const revision = Number(this.values.get(revisionKey) ?? '0') + 1;
-        this.values.set(valueKey, value);
+        for (let index = 0; index < writeCount; index += 1) {
+            this.values.set(options.keys[index]!, options.arguments[index]!);
+        }
         this.values.set(revisionKey, String(revision));
         return String(revision);
     }
@@ -131,6 +151,8 @@ const buildContext = (options: {
     develCost?: number;
     currentDevelCost?: number;
     rankRows?: Array<{ generalId: number; type: string; value: number }>;
+    clockPhase?: 'PREOPEN' | 'RUNNING' | 'MANUAL' | 'SUSPENDED' | 'RECONCILING';
+    requestId?: string;
 }): GameApiContext => {
     const db = {
         general: {
@@ -144,12 +166,21 @@ const buildContext = (options: {
         },
         worldState: {
             findFirst: async () => ({
+                clockBaseTime: new Date('2026-01-01T00:00:00.000Z'),
+                clockTick: 0n,
+                clockMode: 'realtime',
+                clockWallAnchor: new Date('2026-01-01T00:00:00.000Z'),
+                clockPhase: options.clockPhase ?? 'RUNNING',
+                clockRevision: 1n,
+                deadlineGeneration: 1n,
+                tickSeconds: 60,
                 config: { const: { develCost: options.develCost ?? 200 } },
                 ...(options.currentDevelCost === undefined ? {} : { meta: { develcost: options.currentDevelCost } }),
             }),
         },
     } as unknown as DatabaseClient;
     return {
+        requestId: options.requestId,
         db,
         redis: options.redis as unknown as RedisConnector['client'],
         turnDaemon: options.transport,
@@ -341,6 +372,83 @@ describe('tournament router permissions and mutations', () => {
         expect(transport.gold.get(general.id)).toBe(2_400);
     });
 
+    it('accepts a tournament bet against the frozen game deadline while the clock is suspended', async () => {
+        const redis = new MemoryRedis();
+        const transport = new TournamentTransport();
+        const general = buildGeneral(1, 'user-1', 3_000);
+        transport.gold.set(general.id, general.gold);
+        await setTournamentFixture(redis, {
+            stage: 6,
+            phase: 0,
+            type: 0,
+            auto: true,
+            openYear: 193,
+            openMonth: 1,
+            termSeconds: 60,
+            nextAt: '2026-07-26T01:00:00.000Z',
+            bettingCloseAt: '2099-01-01T00:00:00.000Z',
+        });
+        const context = buildContext({
+            redis,
+            transport,
+            generals: [general],
+            userId: 'user-1',
+            clockPhase: 'SUSPENDED',
+            requestId: 'http:suspended-tournament-bet',
+        });
+        const outerApiTransaction = vi.fn(async () => {
+            throw new Error('tournament bet must not hold an API transaction while waiting for the daemon');
+        });
+        Object.assign(context.db, { $transaction: outerApiTransaction });
+        const caller = appRouter.createCaller(context);
+
+        await expect(caller.tournament.placeBet({ targetId: 11, amount: 600 })).resolves.toEqual({ ok: true });
+        expect(transport.gold.get(general.id)).toBe(2_400);
+        expect((await caller.tournament.getBettingSummary()).myAmount).toBe(600);
+        expect(transport.commands).toContainEqual(
+            expect.objectContaining({
+                type: 'adjustGeneralResources',
+                requestId: 'http:suspended-tournament-bet:tournamentBet:resources',
+                reason: 'tournamentBet',
+            })
+        );
+        expect(outerApiTransaction).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+        expect(transport.commands).toContainEqual(
+            expect.objectContaining({
+                type: 'adjustGeneralMeta',
+                requestId: 'http:suspended-tournament-bet:tournamentBet:rank',
+                reason: 'tournamentBet',
+            })
+        );
+    });
+
+    it('rejects a tournament bet during reconciliation without debiting gold', async () => {
+        const redis = new MemoryRedis();
+        const transport = new TournamentTransport();
+        const general = buildGeneral(1, 'user-1', 3_000);
+        transport.gold.set(general.id, general.gold);
+        await setTournamentFixture(redis, {
+            stage: 6,
+            phase: 0,
+            type: 0,
+            auto: true,
+            openYear: 193,
+            openMonth: 1,
+            termSeconds: 60,
+            nextAt: '2026-07-26T01:00:00.000Z',
+            bettingCloseAt: '2099-01-01T00:00:00.000Z',
+        });
+        const caller = appRouter.createCaller(
+            buildContext({ redis, transport, generals: [general], userId: 'user-1', clockPhase: 'RECONCILING' })
+        );
+
+        await expect(caller.tournament.placeBet({ targetId: 11, amount: 600 })).rejects.toMatchObject({
+            code: 'PRECONDITION_FAILED',
+        });
+        expect(transport.gold.get(general.id)).toBe(3_000);
+        expect(transport.commands).toHaveLength(0);
+    });
+
     it('keeps another user from reading my bet identity and requires that user to own a general', async () => {
         const redis = new MemoryRedis();
         const transport = new TournamentTransport();
@@ -394,7 +502,10 @@ describe('tournament router permissions and mutations', () => {
                 roles: ['admin.tournament:che:default'],
             })
         );
-        await expect(adminCaller.tournament.getAdminStatus()).resolves.toEqual({ ok: true });
+        await expect(adminCaller.tournament.getAdminStatus()).resolves.toMatchObject({
+            ok: true,
+            clock: { reconciliationComplete: false, latestReconciliation: null },
+        });
     });
 
     it('applies the admin role boundary to every tournament mutation', async () => {
@@ -479,9 +590,7 @@ describe('tournament router permissions and mutations', () => {
             ])
         ).resolves.toEqual({ ok: true, count: 1 });
         await expect(
-            caller.tournament.setBettingEntries([
-                { generalId: general.id, targetId: rival.id, amount: 100 },
-            ])
+            caller.tournament.setBettingEntries([{ generalId: general.id, targetId: rival.id, amount: 100 }])
         ).resolves.toEqual({ ok: true, count: 1 });
         await expect(caller.tournament.seedParticipants({ generalIds: [general.id, rival.id] })).resolves.toEqual({
             ok: true,

app/game-api/test/tournamentStoreRevision.integration.test.ts

@@ -41,6 +41,9 @@ integration('TournamentStore Redis source revision', () => {
             keys.matchesKey,
             keys.bettingKey,
             keys.sourceRevisionKey,
+            keys.activeClockRevisionKey,
+            keys.deadlineGenerationKey,
+            keys.clockPhaseKey,
         ]);
         if (subscriber) {
             await subscriber.client.unsubscribe(keys.sourceRevisionChannel);
@@ -124,4 +127,48 @@ integration('TournamentStore Redis source revision', () => {
             }),
         ]);
     });
+
+    it('dual-writes deadline ticks and rejects a Redis clock revision race atomically', async () => {
+        const store = new TournamentStore(connector.client, keys);
+        await Promise.all([
+            connector.client.set(keys.activeClockRevisionKey, '7'),
+            connector.client.set(keys.deadlineGenerationKey, '3'),
+            connector.client.set(keys.clockPhaseKey, 'RUNNING'),
+        ]);
+        const clockContext = {
+            phase: 'RUNNING' as const,
+            revision: 7,
+            deadlineGeneration: 3,
+            dateToTick: (date: Date) => Math.trunc(date.getTime() / 1_000),
+        };
+        const nextAt = '2026-09-03T10:00:00.000Z';
+        await store.withClockContext(clockContext, () =>
+            store.setState({
+                stage: 6,
+                phase: 0,
+                type: 0,
+                auto: true,
+                openYear: 200,
+                openMonth: 1,
+                termSeconds: 10,
+                nextAt,
+                bettingCloseAt: '2026-09-03T09:59:50.000Z',
+            })
+        );
+        await expect(store.getState()).resolves.toMatchObject({
+            nextTick: Math.trunc(new Date(nextAt).getTime() / 1_000),
+            bettingCloseTick: Math.trunc(new Date('2026-09-03T09:59:50.000Z').getTime() / 1_000),
+            clockRevision: 7,
+            deadlineGeneration: 3,
+        });
+
+        const beforeRevision = await store.getSourceRevision();
+        await connector.client.set(keys.activeClockRevisionKey, '8');
+        await expect(
+            store.withClockContext(clockContext, () =>
+                store.setMatches([{ id: 99, stage: 7, roundIndex: 0, attackerId: 1, defenderId: 2 }])
+            )
+        ).rejects.toThrow('clock revision fence failed');
+        await expect(store.getSourceRevision()).resolves.toBe(beforeRevision);
+    });
 });

app/game-api/test/turnEngineStatus.test.ts

@@ -5,10 +5,8 @@ import { CachedTurnEngineStatus, loadTurnEngineRunning } from '../src/services/t
 describe('turn engine status projection', () => {
     it('maps Gateway profile capabilities and keeps unavailable status unknown', async () => {
         const activeLease = {
-            turnDaemonLease: {
-                findUnique: vi.fn(async () => ({ leaseUntil: new Date('2026-08-24T00:01:00.000Z') })),
-            },
-        };
+            $queryRaw: vi.fn(async () => [{ running: true }]),
+        } as any;
         const now = new Date('2026-08-24T00:00:00.000Z');
         await expect(loadTurnEngineRunning({ get: async () => 'RUNNING' }, activeLease, 'che:default', now)).resolves.toBe(
             true
@@ -36,7 +34,7 @@ describe('turn engine status projection', () => {
         await expect(
             loadTurnEngineRunning(
                 source,
-                { turnDaemonLease: { findUnique: async () => null } },
+                { $queryRaw: async () => [{ running: false }] } as any,
                 'che:default',
                 now
             )
@@ -44,11 +42,7 @@ describe('turn engine status projection', () => {
         await expect(
             loadTurnEngineRunning(
                 source,
-                {
-                    turnDaemonLease: {
-                        findUnique: async () => ({ leaseUntil: new Date('2026-08-23T23:59:59.999Z') }),
-                    },
-                },
+                { $queryRaw: async () => [{ running: false }] } as any,
                 'che:default',
                 now
             )
@@ -58,10 +52,10 @@ describe('turn engine status projection', () => {
     it('coalesces concurrent heartbeat reads and refreshes after the bounded cache window', async () => {
         let now = 1_000;
         const get = vi.fn(async () => 'RUNNING' as const);
-        const findUnique = vi.fn(async () => ({ leaseUntil: new Date('2099-01-01T00:00:00.000Z') }));
+        const queryRaw = vi.fn(async () => [{ running: true }]);
         const cache = new CachedTurnEngineStatus(
             { get },
-            { turnDaemonLease: { findUnique } },
+            { $queryRaw: queryRaw } as any,
             'che:default',
             2_000,
             () => now
@@ -75,6 +69,6 @@ describe('turn engine status projection', () => {
         now += 1;
         await expect(cache.get()).resolves.toBe(true);
         expect(get).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2);
-        expect(findUnique).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2);
+        expect(queryRaw).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2);
     });
 });

app/game-api/test/voteRouter.test.ts

@@ -230,13 +230,7 @@ describe('vote router actor and permission boundaries', () => {
 
         expect(hasPollEnded({ closed_at: null, end_at: now, end_tick: 100n }, time)).toBe(false);
         expect(hasPollEnded({ closed_at: null, end_at: now, end_tick: 99n }, time)).toBe(true);
-        expect(hasPollEnded({ closed_at: null, end_at: now, end_tick: null }, { ...time, tick: null })).toBe(false);
-        expect(
-            hasPollEnded(
-                { closed_at: null, end_at: now, end_tick: null },
-                { ...time, now: new Date(now.getTime() + 1), tick: null }
-            )
-        ).toBe(true);
+        expect(hasPollEnded({ closed_at: null, end_at: now, end_tick: null }, { ...time, tick: null })).toBe(true);
     });
 
     it('rejects unauthenticated survey access', async () => {
@@ -261,7 +255,6 @@ describe('vote router actor and permission boundaries', () => {
             voteId: 1,
             generalId: 7,
             selection: [0],
-            acceptedGameTick: 100,
         });
         expect(fixture.queryRaw.mock.calls.some(([query]) => sqlText(query).includes('INSERT INTO vote ('))).toBe(
             false
@@ -301,8 +294,6 @@ describe('vote router actor and permission boundaries', () => {
         const auth = buildAuth(['admin.survey.open']);
         const fixture = buildContext({ auth });
         const caller = appRouter.createCaller(fixture.context);
-        const windowStart = Date.now();
-
         await expect(caller.vote.addComment({ voteId: 1, text: '시각 댓글' })).resolves.toEqual({ ok: true });
         await expect(
             caller.vote.createPoll({
@@ -314,8 +305,6 @@ describe('vote router actor and permission boundaries', () => {
         ).resolves.toEqual({ ok: true });
         await expect(caller.vote.updatePoll({ voteId: 1, title: '시각 설문 수정' })).resolves.toEqual({ ok: true });
         await expect(caller.vote.closePoll({ voteId: 1 })).resolves.toEqual({ ok: true });
-        const windowEnd = Date.now();
-
         const mutationQueries = fixture.queryRaw.mock.calls
             .map(([query]) => query)
             .filter((query) => /INSERT INTO vote_comment|INSERT INTO vote_poll|UPDATE vote_poll/.test(sqlText(query)));
@@ -325,30 +314,24 @@ describe('vote router actor and permission boundaries', () => {
         const closePreviousUpdate = pollUpdates.find((query) => sqlText(query).includes('WHERE closed_at IS NULL'));
         const editPollUpdate = pollUpdates.find((query) => sqlText(query).includes('title = COALESCE'));
         const closePollUpdate = pollUpdates.find((query) => sqlText(query).includes('RETURNING id'));
-        const expectCurrentDateAt = (query: GamePrisma.Sql | undefined, index: number): Date => {
+        const expectDbWallClock = (query: GamePrisma.Sql | undefined): void => {
             expect(query).toBeDefined();
-            const value = query?.values.at(index);
-            expect(value).toBeInstanceOf(Date);
-            expect((value as Date).getTime()).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(windowStart);
-            expect((value as Date).getTime()).toBeLessThanOrEqual(windowEnd);
-            return value as Date;
+            expect(sqlText(query!)).toContain("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'");
         };
 
         expect(sqlText(commentInsert!)).toContain('created_at');
-        expectCurrentDateAt(commentInsert, -1);
+        expectDbWallClock(commentInsert);
         expect(sqlText(pollInsert!)).toContain('created_at');
         expect(sqlText(pollInsert!)).toContain('updated_at');
-        const pollCreatedAt = expectCurrentDateAt(pollInsert, -2);
-        const pollUpdatedAt = expectCurrentDateAt(pollInsert, -1);
-        expect(pollUpdatedAt).toBe(pollCreatedAt);
+        expectDbWallClock(pollInsert);
 
         expect(pollUpdates).toHaveLength(3);
         expect(sqlText(closePreviousUpdate!)).toContain('updated_at');
-        expect(expectCurrentDateAt(closePreviousUpdate, -1)).toBe(pollCreatedAt);
+        expectDbWallClock(closePreviousUpdate);
         expect(sqlText(editPollUpdate!)).toContain('updated_at');
-        expectCurrentDateAt(editPollUpdate, -2);
+        expectDbWallClock(editPollUpdate);
         expect(sqlText(closePollUpdate!)).toContain('updated_at');
-        expectCurrentDateAt(closePollUpdate, -2);
+        expectDbWallClock(closePollUpdate);
     });
 
     it('reports the current world develcost as the legacy five-times survey reward', async () => {

app/game-api/vitest.config.ts

@@ -8,5 +8,6 @@ export default defineConfig({
         environment: 'node',
         globals: true,
         include: ['test/**/*.test.ts'],
+        reporters: [process.env.SAMMO_TEST_REPORTER === 'verbose' ? 'default' : 'minimal'],
     },
 });

app/game-engine/package.json

@@ -42,6 +42,14 @@
             "types": "./dist/turn/databaseHooks.d.ts",
             "default": "./dist/turn/databaseHooks.js"
         },
+        "./turn/clockReconciliation.js": {
+            "types": "./dist/turn/clockReconciliation.d.ts",
+            "default": "./dist/turn/clockReconciliation.js"
+        },
+        "./turn/clockProjectionOutbox.js": {
+            "types": "./dist/turn/clockProjectionOutbox.d.ts",
+            "default": "./dist/turn/clockProjectionOutbox.js"
+        },
         "./turn/inMemoryWorld.js": {
             "types": "./dist/turn/inMemoryWorld.d.ts",
             "default": "./dist/turn/inMemoryWorld.js"
@@ -103,8 +111,8 @@
         "build": "tsdown -c ./tsdown.config.ts && node ../../tools/check-package-exports.mjs .",
         "dev": "tsdown -c ./tsdown.config.ts --watch",
         "start": "pnpm run build && GAME_ENGINE_ROLE=turn-daemon node dist/index.js",
-        "lint": "eslint .",
-        "lint:fix": "eslint . --fix",
+        "lint": "pnpm -w lint:target app/game-engine",
+        "lint:fix": "pnpm -w lint:target:fix app/game-engine",
         "profile:npc-unification-memory": "node scripts/profile-npc-unification-memory.mjs",
         "profile:npc-unification-timing": "node scripts/profile-npc-unification-timing.mjs",
         "profile:npc-lifecycle-memory": "node scripts/profile-npc-lifecycle-memory.mjs",

app/game-engine/src/auction/bidder.ts

@@ -60,27 +60,27 @@ export const hasAuctionClosePassed = (
     auction: { closeAt: Date; closeTick: bigint | null },
     now: Date,
     nowTick: number | null
-): boolean =>
-    auction.closeTick !== null && nowTick !== null
-        ? auction.closeTick < BigInt(nowTick)
-        : auction.closeAt.getTime() < now.getTime();
+): boolean => {
+    void now;
+    return auction.closeTick === null || nowTick === null || auction.closeTick < BigInt(nowTick);
+};
 
 export const resolveAuctionBidTiming = (
-    world: Pick<InMemoryTurnWorld, 'dateToGameTick' | 'gameTickToDate'>,
-    processingNow: Date,
-    acceptedGameTick?: number
-): { bidAt: Date; bidTick: number } =>
-    acceptedGameTick === undefined
-        ? { bidAt: processingNow, bidTick: world.dateToGameTick(processingNow) }
-        : { bidAt: world.gameTickToDate(acceptedGameTick), bidTick: acceptedGameTick };
+    world: Pick<InMemoryTurnWorld, 'gameTickToDate'>,
+    processingGameTick: number
+): { bidAt: Date; bidTick: number } => {
+    if (!Number.isSafeInteger(processingGameTick)) {
+        throw new Error('Auction bid requires an authoritative daemon processing game tick.');
+    }
+    return { bidAt: world.gameTickToDate(processingGameTick), bidTick: processingGameTick };
+};
 
 export const hasAuctionBidClosePassed = (
     auction: { closeAt: Date; closeTick: bigint | null },
-    world: Pick<InMemoryTurnWorld, 'dateToGameTick' | 'gameTickToDate'>,
-    processingNow: Date,
-    acceptedGameTick?: number
+    world: Pick<InMemoryTurnWorld, 'gameTickToDate'>,
+    processingGameTick: number
 ): boolean => {
-    const { bidAt, bidTick } = resolveAuctionBidTiming(world, processingNow, acceptedGameTick);
+    const { bidAt, bidTick } = resolveAuctionBidTiming(world, processingGameTick);
     return hasAuctionClosePassed(auction, bidAt, bidTick);
 };
 
@@ -268,8 +268,15 @@ export const createAuctionBidder = async (options: {
                     reason: '경매가 종료되었습니다.',
                 };
             }
-            const processingNow = world.getGameNow(new Date());
-            const { bidAt, bidTick } = resolveAuctionBidTiming(world, processingNow, command.acceptedGameTick);
+            const convertedProcessingTick = Reflect.get(command, 'processingGameTick');
+            if (typeof convertedProcessingTick !== 'number' || !Number.isSafeInteger(convertedProcessingTick)) {
+                throw new Error('auctionBid requires an authoritative daemon processing game tick.');
+            }
+            const requestedAtWall = Reflect.get(command, 'requestedAtWall');
+            if (!(requestedAtWall instanceof Date) || Number.isNaN(requestedAtWall.getTime())) {
+                throw new Error('auctionBid requires its durable input-event wall occurrence.');
+            }
+            const { bidAt, bidTick } = resolveAuctionBidTiming(world, convertedProcessingTick);
             if (hasAuctionClosePassed(auction, bidAt, bidTick)) {
                 return {
                     type: 'auctionBid',
@@ -503,13 +510,24 @@ export const createAuctionBidder = async (options: {
                 const persistBid = async (tx: GamePrisma.TransactionClient): Promise<void> => {
                     await tx.$executeRaw(
                         GamePrisma.sql`
-                            INSERT INTO auction_bid (auction_id, general_id, amount, event_id, event_at, meta)
+                            INSERT INTO auction_bid (
+                                auction_id,
+                                general_id,
+                                amount,
+                                event_id,
+                                event_at,
+                                occurred_game_tick,
+                                requested_at_wall,
+                                meta
+                            )
                             VALUES (
                                 ${command.auctionId},
                                 ${command.generalId},
                                 ${command.amount},
                                 ${eventId},
                                 ${eventAt},
+                                ${BigInt(bidTick)},
+                                ${requestedAtWall},
                                 ${JSON.stringify({
                                     tryExtendCloseDate: command.tryExtendCloseDate ?? true,
                                     ...(auction.type === 'UNIQUE_ITEM'
@@ -529,7 +547,7 @@ export const createAuctionBidder = async (options: {
                                 close_tick = ${BigInt(world.dateToGameTick(nextCloseAt))},
                                 latest_event_id = ${eventId},
                                 latest_event_at = ${eventAt},
-                                updated_at = ${eventAt}
+                                updated_at = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'
                             WHERE id = ${command.auctionId}
                               AND status = 'OPEN'
                               AND latest_event_id = ${auction.latestEventId}
@@ -549,7 +567,7 @@ export const createAuctionBidder = async (options: {
                             GamePrisma.sql`
                                 UPDATE inheritance_point
                                 SET value = value - ${morePoint},
-                                    updated_at = ${eventAt}
+                                    updated_at = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'
                                 WHERE user_id = ${userId}
                                   AND key = 'previous'
                                   AND value >= ${morePoint}
@@ -580,11 +598,16 @@ export const createAuctionBidder = async (options: {
                             await tx.$executeRaw(
                                 GamePrisma.sql`
                                     INSERT INTO inheritance_point (user_id, key, value, updated_at)
-                                    VALUES (${prevUserId}, 'previous', ${highestBid.amount}, ${eventAt})
+                                    VALUES (
+                                        ${prevUserId},
+                                        'previous',
+                                        ${highestBid.amount},
+                                        CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'
+                                    )
                                     ON CONFLICT (user_id, key)
                                     DO UPDATE SET
                                         value = inheritance_point.value + EXCLUDED.value,
-                                        updated_at = EXCLUDED.updated_at
+                                        updated_at = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'
                                 `
                             );
                             await tx.$executeRaw(
@@ -704,6 +727,7 @@ export const createAuctionBidder = async (options: {
                 ok: true,
                 auctionId: command.auctionId,
                 closeAt: nextCloseAt.toISOString(),
+                closeTick: world.dateToGameTick(nextCloseAt),
             };
         },
         close: async (): Promise<void> => {

app/game-engine/src/auction/finalizer.ts

@@ -91,21 +91,17 @@ export const isAuctionFinalizeGenerationCurrent = (
     auction: Pick<AuctionRow, 'closeAt' | 'closeTick'>,
     command: Pick<Extract<TurnDaemonCommand, { type: 'auctionFinalize' }>, 'expectedCloseAt' | 'expectedCloseTick'>
 ): boolean => {
-    if (command.expectedCloseTick !== undefined) {
-        return auction.closeTick !== null && auction.closeTick === BigInt(command.expectedCloseTick);
-    }
-    if (command.expectedCloseAt !== undefined) {
-        return auction.closeAt.getTime() === new Date(command.expectedCloseAt).getTime();
-    }
-    return true;
+    return auction.closeTick !== null && auction.closeTick === BigInt(command.expectedCloseTick);
 };
 
 export const hasAuctionFinalizeDeadlineArrived = (
     auction: Pick<AuctionRow, 'closeAt' | 'closeTick'>,
     now: Date,
     nowTick: number
-): boolean =>
-    auction.closeTick === null ? auction.closeAt.getTime() <= now.getTime() : auction.closeTick <= BigInt(nowTick);
+): boolean => {
+    void now;
+    return auction.closeTick !== null && auction.closeTick <= BigInt(nowTick);
+};
 
 export const buildAuctionBidderSystemMessage = (options: {
     bidder: TurnGeneral;
@@ -293,7 +289,11 @@ export const createAuctionFinalizer = async (options: {
                 return { type: 'auctionFinalize', ok: true, auctionId };
             }
 
-            const now = world.getGameNow(new Date());
+            const processingGameTick = Reflect.get(command, 'processingGameTick');
+            if (typeof processingGameTick !== 'number' || !Number.isSafeInteger(processingGameTick)) {
+                throw new Error('auctionFinalize requires an authoritative daemon processing game tick.');
+            }
+            const now = world.gameTickToDate(processingGameTick);
             if (auction.status === 'OPEN') {
                 if (!isAuctionFinalizeGenerationCurrent(auction, command)) {
                     return {
@@ -303,8 +303,7 @@ export const createAuctionFinalizer = async (options: {
                         reason: '경매 마감 세대가 변경되었습니다.',
                     };
                 }
-                const nowTick = world.dateToGameTick(now);
-                if (!hasAuctionFinalizeDeadlineArrived(auction, now, nowTick)) {
+                if (!hasAuctionFinalizeDeadlineArrived(auction, now, processingGameTick)) {
                     return {
                         type: 'auctionFinalize',
                         ok: false,
@@ -316,8 +315,8 @@ export const createAuctionFinalizer = async (options: {
                     GamePrisma.sql`
                         UPDATE auction
                         SET status = 'FINALIZING',
-                            finalizing_at = ${now},
-                            updated_at = ${now}
+                            finalizing_at = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC',
+                            updated_at = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'
                         WHERE id = ${auctionId}
                           AND status = 'OPEN'
                     `
@@ -364,8 +363,8 @@ export const createAuctionFinalizer = async (options: {
                     GamePrisma.sql`
                         UPDATE auction
                         SET status = ${status},
-                            finished_at = ${now},
-                            updated_at = ${now}
+                            finished_at = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC',
+                            updated_at = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'
                         WHERE id = ${auctionId}
                     `
                 );

app/game-engine/src/auction/opener.ts

@@ -94,7 +94,11 @@ const openResourceAuction = async (
         return fail(`기본 ${hostResource === 'rice' ? '쌀' : '금'} ${minimumResource}은 거래할 수 없습니다.`);
     }
 
-    const now = world.getGameNow(new Date());
+    const processingGameTick = Reflect.get(command, 'processingGameTick');
+    if (typeof processingGameTick !== 'number' || !Number.isSafeInteger(processingGameTick)) {
+        throw new Error('auctionOpen requires an authoritative daemon processing game tick.');
+    }
+    const now = world.gameTickToDate(processingGameTick);
     const turnMinutes = Math.max(1, Math.round(world.getState().tickSeconds / 60));
     const closeAt = new Date(now.getTime() + closeTurnCnt * turnMinutes * 60_000);
     const auction = await db.auction.create({
@@ -113,7 +117,7 @@ const openResourceAuction = async (
             },
             status: 'OPEN',
             closeAt,
-            openTick: BigInt(world.dateToGameTick(now)),
+            openTick: BigInt(processingGameTick),
             closeTick: BigInt(world.dateToGameTick(closeAt)),
         },
     });
@@ -125,6 +129,7 @@ const openResourceAuction = async (
         ok: true,
         auctionId: auction.id,
         closeAt: closeAt.toISOString(),
+        closeTick: world.dateToGameTick(closeAt),
     };
 };
 
@@ -220,8 +225,16 @@ const openUniqueAuction = async (
     }
 
     const state = world.getState();
+    const processingGameTick = Reflect.get(command, 'processingGameTick');
+    if (typeof processingGameTick !== 'number' || !Number.isSafeInteger(processingGameTick)) {
+        throw new Error('auctionOpen requires an authoritative daemon processing game tick.');
+    }
+    const requestedAtWall = Reflect.get(command, 'requestedAtWall');
+    if (!(requestedAtWall instanceof Date) || Number.isNaN(requestedAtWall.getTime())) {
+        throw new Error('auctionOpen requires its durable input-event wall occurrence.');
+    }
     const turnMinutes = Math.max(1, Math.round(state.tickSeconds / 60));
-    const now = world.getGameNow(new Date());
+    const now = world.gameTickToDate(processingGameTick);
     const closeMinutes = Math.max(MIN_AUCTION_CLOSE_MINUTES, turnMinutes * COEFF_AUCTION_CLOSE_MINUTES);
     const closeAt = new Date(now.getTime() + closeMinutes * 60_000);
     const extensionLimitMinutes = Math.max(
@@ -253,7 +266,7 @@ const openUniqueAuction = async (
             },
             status: 'OPEN',
             closeAt,
-            openTick: BigInt(world.dateToGameTick(now)),
+            openTick: BigInt(processingGameTick),
             closeTick: BigInt(world.dateToGameTick(closeAt)),
             latestEventId: eventId,
             latestEventAt: now,
@@ -263,6 +276,8 @@ const openUniqueAuction = async (
                     amount: command.amount,
                     eventId,
                     eventAt: now,
+                    occurredGameTick: BigInt(processingGameTick),
+                    requestedAtWall,
                     meta: buildInitialUniqueAuctionBidMeta(alias, command.amount),
                 },
             },
@@ -308,6 +323,7 @@ const openUniqueAuction = async (
         ok: true,
         auctionId: auction.id,
         closeAt: closeAt.toISOString(),
+        closeTick: world.dateToGameTick(closeAt),
     };
 };
 

app/game-engine/src/index.ts

@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@ export * from './turn/engineStateManager.js';
 export * from './turn/inMemoryStateStore.js';
 export * from './turn/inMemoryTurnProcessor.js';
 export * from './turn/databaseHooks.js';
+export * from './turn/clockReconciliation.js';
+export * from './turn/clockProjectionOutbox.js';
 export * from './turn/joinCreateGeneralService.js';
 export * from './turn/npcPossessionService.js';
 export * from './turn/selectPoolService.js';

app/game-engine/src/lifecycle/databaseCommandQueue.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { randomUUID } from 'node:crypto';
-import { GamePrisma, type GamePrismaClient } from '@sammo-ts/infra';
+import { performance } from 'node:perf_hooks';
+import { GamePrisma, readInputEventClockCoordinate, type GamePrismaClient } from '@sammo-ts/infra';
 
 import { normalizeTurnDaemonCommand } from '../turn/commandRegistry.js';
 import type {
@@ -10,8 +11,9 @@ import type {
     TurnDaemonStatus,
 } from './types.js';
 
-const asJson = (value: unknown): GamePrisma.InputJsonValue => value as GamePrisma.InputJsonValue;
 const delay = (ms: number): Promise<void> => new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, ms));
+const serializeResult = (value: unknown): string =>
+    JSON.stringify(value, (_key, item: unknown) => (typeof item === 'bigint' ? item.toString() : item)) ?? 'null';
 
 export class DatabaseTurnDaemonCommandQueue implements TurnDaemonControlQueue, TurnDaemonCommandResponder {
     private readonly localQueue: TurnDaemonCommand[] = [];
@@ -35,8 +37,9 @@ export class DatabaseTurnDaemonCommandQueue implements TurnDaemonControlQueue, T
         return local.concat(remote);
     }
 
-    async waitUntil(deadlineMs: number | null): Promise<TurnDaemonCommand | null> {
-        while (deadlineMs === null || Date.now() < deadlineMs) {
+    async waitFor(timeoutMs: number | null): Promise<TurnDaemonCommand | null> {
+        const deadline = timeoutMs === null ? null : performance.now() + Math.max(0, timeoutMs);
+        while (deadline === null || performance.now() < deadline) {
             const local = this.localQueue.shift();
             if (local) {
                 return local;
@@ -45,7 +48,7 @@ export class DatabaseTurnDaemonCommandQueue implements TurnDaemonControlQueue, T
             if (remote[0]) {
                 return remote[0];
             }
-            const remaining = deadlineMs === null ? 100 : Math.max(1, Math.min(100, deadlineMs - Date.now()));
+            const remaining = deadline === null ? 100 : Math.max(1, Math.min(100, deadline - performance.now()));
             await delay(remaining);
         }
         return null;
@@ -84,30 +87,50 @@ export class DatabaseTurnDaemonCommandQueue implements TurnDaemonControlQueue, T
                 return;
             }
             const terminal = event.attempts >= this.maxAttempts;
-            await transaction.inputEvent.updateMany({
-                where: {
-                    requestId,
-                    target: 'ENGINE',
-                    status: 'PROCESSING',
-                    lockedBy: this.workerId,
-                    attempts: event.attempts,
-                },
-                data: {
-                    status: terminal ? 'FAILED' : 'PENDING',
-                    processingAt: null,
-                    lockedBy: null,
-                    leaseUntil: null,
-                    completedAt: terminal ? new Date() : null,
-                    result: GamePrisma.DbNull,
-                    error: message,
-                },
-            });
+            await transaction.$executeRaw(GamePrisma.sql`
+                UPDATE input_event
+                SET status = ${terminal ? 'FAILED' : 'PENDING'}::"InputEventStatus",
+                    processing_at = NULL,
+                    locked_by = NULL,
+                    lease_until = NULL,
+                    completed_at = CASE
+                        WHEN ${terminal} THEN CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'
+                        ELSE NULL
+                    END,
+                    result = NULL,
+                    error = ${message}
+                WHERE request_id = ${requestId}
+                  AND target = 'ENGINE'::"InputEventTarget"
+                  AND status = 'PROCESSING'::"InputEventStatus"
+                  AND locked_by = ${this.workerId}
+                  AND attempts = ${event.attempts}
+            `);
         });
     }
 
     private async claimPending(limit = 100): Promise<TurnDaemonCommand[]> {
         await this.recoverExpiredLeases();
         return this.db.$transaction(async (transaction) => {
+            const claimCoordinate = await readInputEventClockCoordinate(transaction);
+            const world = await transaction.worldState.findFirst({
+                orderBy: { id: 'asc' },
+                select: { clockPhase: true, clockRevision: true, deadlineGeneration: true, clockTick: true },
+            });
+            const gameplayAllowed = !world || world.clockPhase === 'RUNNING' || world.clockPhase === 'MANUAL';
+            const suspendedTournamentBetCommand = world?.clockPhase === 'SUSPENDED';
+            const currentRevision = world?.clockRevision ?? null;
+            const maintenanceSuspended =
+                world?.clockPhase === 'SUSPENDED' &&
+                Boolean(
+                    await transaction.clockSuspension.findFirst({
+                        where: {
+                            status: 'SUSPENDED',
+                            source: 'MAINTENANCE',
+                            sourceRevision: world.clockRevision,
+                        },
+                        select: { id: true },
+                    })
+                );
             const rows = await transaction.$queryRaw<
                 Array<{
                     sequence: bigint;
@@ -115,6 +138,9 @@ export class DatabaseTurnDaemonCommandQueue implements TurnDaemonControlQueue, T
                     eventType: string;
                     payload: unknown;
                     createdAt: Date;
+                    acceptedGameTick: bigint | null;
+                    acceptedClockRevision: bigint | null;
+                    acceptedDeadlineGeneration: bigint | null;
                 }>
             >(GamePrisma.sql`
                 SELECT
@@ -122,10 +148,71 @@ export class DatabaseTurnDaemonCommandQueue implements TurnDaemonControlQueue, T
                     "request_id" AS "requestId",
                     "event_type" AS "eventType",
                     "payload",
-                    "created_at" AS "createdAt"
+                    "created_at" AS "createdAt",
+                    "accepted_game_tick" AS "acceptedGameTick",
+                    "accepted_clock_revision" AS "acceptedClockRevision",
+                    "accepted_deadline_generation" AS "acceptedDeadlineGeneration"
                 FROM "input_event"
                 WHERE "target" = 'ENGINE'::"InputEventTarget"
                   AND "status" = 'PENDING'::"InputEventStatus"
+                  AND (
+                      ${gameplayAllowed}
+                      OR "event_type" = 'getStatus'
+                      OR (
+                          ${suspendedTournamentBetCommand}
+                          AND "event_type" IN ('adjustGeneralResources', 'adjustGeneralMeta')
+                          AND "payload" ->> 'reason' IN ('tournamentBet', 'tournamentBetRollback')
+                      )
+                      OR (
+                          ${maintenanceSuspended}
+                          AND "event_type" IN (
+                              'inheritanceAction',
+                              'dropItem',
+                              'changePermission',
+                              'appoint',
+                              'setNationSetting',
+                              'setNpcPolicy',
+                              'shiftSchedule'
+                          )
+                      )
+                      OR (
+                          ${maintenanceSuspended}
+                          AND "event_type" = 'messageRespond'
+                          AND "payload" ->> 'messageId' ~ '^[1-9][0-9]*$'
+                          AND EXISTS (
+                              SELECT 1
+                              FROM "message_action" AS pending_action
+                              WHERE pending_action."message_id" = ("input_event"."payload" ->> 'messageId')::integer
+                                AND pending_action."status" = 'PENDING'
+                                AND pending_action."clock_revision" = ${currentRevision}
+                                AND pending_action."deadline_generation" = ${world?.deadlineGeneration ?? null}
+                          )
+                      )
+                      OR (
+                          ${world?.clockPhase === 'SUSPENDED'}
+                          AND "event_type" = 'messageRespond'
+                          AND "payload" ->> 'messageId' ~ '^[1-9][0-9]*$'
+                          AND EXISTS (
+                              SELECT 1
+                              FROM "message" AS pending_message
+                              JOIN "message_action" AS pending_action
+                                ON pending_action."message_id" = pending_message."id"
+                              WHERE pending_message."id" = ("input_event"."payload" ->> 'messageId')::integer
+                                AND pending_message."message" #>> '{option,action}' = 'raiseInvader'
+                                AND pending_action."action_type" = 'raiseInvader'
+                                AND pending_action."status" = 'PENDING'
+                                AND pending_action."clock_revision" = ${currentRevision}
+                                AND pending_action."deadline_generation" = ${world?.deadlineGeneration ?? null}
+                          )
+                          AND EXISTS (
+                              SELECT 1
+                              FROM "clock_suspension" AS active_suspension
+                              WHERE active_suspension."status" = 'SUSPENDED'
+                                AND active_suspension."source" = 'UNIFICATION_WAIT'
+                                AND active_suspension."source_revision" = ${currentRevision}
+                          )
+                      )
+                  )
                 ORDER BY "sequence" ASC
                 FOR UPDATE SKIP LOCKED
                 LIMIT ${limit}
@@ -133,41 +220,93 @@ export class DatabaseTurnDaemonCommandQueue implements TurnDaemonControlQueue, T
             if (rows.length === 0) {
                 return [];
             }
-            await transaction.inputEvent.updateMany({
-                where: {
-                    sequence: { in: rows.map((row) => row.sequence) },
-                    target: 'ENGINE',
-                    status: 'PENDING',
-                },
-                data: {
-                    status: 'PROCESSING',
-                    processingAt: new Date(),
-                    lockedBy: this.workerId,
-                    leaseUntil: new Date(Date.now() + this.leaseDurationMs),
-                    attempts: { increment: 1 },
-                },
-            });
+            const appliedSuspensions = currentRevision
+                ? await transaction.clockSuspension.findMany({
+                      where: { status: 'APPLIED', targetRevision: { lte: currentRevision } },
+                      orderBy: { sourceRevision: 'asc' },
+                      select: { sourceRevision: true, targetRevision: true, shiftTicks: true },
+                  })
+                : [];
+            const convertTick = (row: (typeof rows)[number]): bigint | null | undefined => {
+                if (row.eventType === 'getStatus') return row.acceptedGameTick ?? claimCoordinate.gameTick;
+                if (row.acceptedGameTick === null || row.acceptedClockRevision === null || currentRevision === null) {
+                    return claimCoordinate.gameTick;
+                }
+                if (row.acceptedClockRevision > currentRevision) return undefined;
+                let revision = row.acceptedClockRevision;
+                let tick = row.acceptedGameTick;
+                while (revision < currentRevision) {
+                    const step = appliedSuspensions.find((entry) => entry.sourceRevision === revision);
+                    if (!step || step.shiftTicks === null || step.targetRevision !== revision + 1n) return undefined;
+                    tick += step.shiftTicks;
+                    revision = step.targetRevision;
+                }
+                return tick;
+            };
+            const processableRows = rows
+                .map((row) => ({ row, processingGameTick: convertTick(row) }))
+                .filter(
+                    (entry): entry is { row: (typeof rows)[number]; processingGameTick: bigint | null } =>
+                        entry.processingGameTick !== undefined
+                );
+            for (const { row, processingGameTick } of processableRows) {
+                await transaction.$executeRaw(GamePrisma.sql`
+                    UPDATE input_event
+                    SET status = 'PROCESSING'::"InputEventStatus",
+                        processing_at = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC',
+                        accepted_game_tick = COALESCE(accepted_game_tick, ${processingGameTick}),
+                        accepted_clock_revision = COALESCE(accepted_clock_revision, ${currentRevision}),
+                        accepted_deadline_generation = COALESCE(
+                            accepted_deadline_generation,
+                            ${world?.deadlineGeneration ?? null}
+                        ),
+                        processing_game_tick = ${processingGameTick},
+                        processing_clock_revision = ${currentRevision},
+                        processing_deadline_generation = ${world?.deadlineGeneration ?? null},
+                        locked_by = ${this.workerId},
+                        lease_until = (CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC')
+                            + ${this.leaseDurationMs} * INTERVAL '1 millisecond',
+                        attempts = attempts + 1
+                    WHERE sequence = ${row.sequence}
+                `);
+            }
 
             const commands: TurnDaemonCommand[] = [];
-            for (const row of rows) {
+            for (const { row, processingGameTick } of processableRows) {
                 const command = normalizeTurnDaemonCommand({
                     requestId: row.requestId,
                     sentAt: row.createdAt.toISOString(),
                     command: row.payload as TurnDaemonCommand,
                 });
                 if (!command) {
-                    await transaction.inputEvent.update({
-                        where: { sequence: row.sequence },
-                        data: {
-                            status: 'FAILED',
-                            error: `Invalid command payload for ${row.eventType}`,
-                            completedAt: new Date(),
-                            lockedBy: null,
-                            leaseUntil: null,
-                        },
-                    });
+                    await transaction.$executeRaw(GamePrisma.sql`
+                        UPDATE input_event
+                        SET status = 'FAILED'::"InputEventStatus",
+                            error = ${`Invalid command payload for ${row.eventType}`},
+                            completed_at = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC',
+                            locked_by = NULL,
+                            lease_until = NULL
+                        WHERE sequence = ${row.sequence}
+                    `);
                     continue;
                 }
+                if (processingGameTick !== null) {
+                    const value = Number(processingGameTick);
+                    if (!Number.isSafeInteger(value)) {
+                        await transaction.$executeRaw(GamePrisma.sql`
+                            UPDATE input_event
+                            SET status = 'FAILED'::"InputEventStatus",
+                                error = 'Converted processing game tick is outside the safe integer range.',
+                                completed_at = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC',
+                                locked_by = NULL,
+                                lease_until = NULL
+                            WHERE sequence = ${row.sequence}
+                        `);
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    Reflect.set(command, 'processingGameTick', value);
+                }
+                Reflect.set(command, 'requestedAtWall', row.createdAt);
                 commands.push(command);
             }
             return commands;
@@ -175,23 +314,20 @@ export class DatabaseTurnDaemonCommandQueue implements TurnDaemonControlQueue, T
     }
 
     private async complete(requestId: string, result: unknown): Promise<void> {
-        const completed = await this.db.inputEvent.updateMany({
-            where: {
-                requestId,
-                target: 'ENGINE',
-                status: 'PROCESSING',
-                lockedBy: this.workerId,
-            },
-            data: {
-                status: 'SUCCEEDED',
-                result: asJson(result),
-                completedAt: new Date(),
-                error: null,
-                lockedBy: null,
-                leaseUntil: null,
-            },
-        });
-        if (completed.count > 0) {
+        const completed = await this.db.$executeRaw(GamePrisma.sql`
+            UPDATE input_event
+            SET status = 'SUCCEEDED'::"InputEventStatus",
+                result = CAST(${serializeResult(result)} AS jsonb),
+                completed_at = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC',
+                error = NULL,
+                locked_by = NULL,
+                lease_until = NULL
+            WHERE request_id = ${requestId}
+              AND target = 'ENGINE'::"InputEventTarget"
+              AND status = 'PROCESSING'::"InputEventStatus"
+              AND locked_by = ${this.workerId}
+        `);
+        if (completed > 0) {
             return;
         }
         // Database hooks commit mutation results atomically with game state and
@@ -212,19 +348,15 @@ export class DatabaseTurnDaemonCommandQueue implements TurnDaemonControlQueue, T
     }
 
     private async recoverExpiredLeases(): Promise<void> {
-        const now = new Date();
-        await this.db.inputEvent.updateMany({
-            where: {
-                target: 'ENGINE',
-                status: 'PROCESSING',
-                leaseUntil: { lt: now },
-            },
-            data: {
-                status: 'PENDING',
-                processingAt: null,
-                lockedBy: null,
-                leaseUntil: null,
-            },
-        });
+        await this.db.$executeRaw(GamePrisma.sql`
+            UPDATE input_event
+            SET status = 'PENDING'::"InputEventStatus",
+                processing_at = NULL,
+                locked_by = NULL,
+                lease_until = NULL
+            WHERE target = 'ENGINE'::"InputEventTarget"
+              AND status = 'PROCESSING'::"InputEventStatus"
+              AND lease_until < CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'
+        `);
     }
 }

app/game-engine/src/lifecycle/databaseTurnDaemonLease.ts

@@ -86,9 +86,9 @@ export class DatabaseTurnDaemonLease {
             VALUES (
                 ${this.profile},
                 ${this.ownerId},
-                CURRENT_TIMESTAMP + (${this.leaseDurationMs} * INTERVAL '1 millisecond'),
+                (CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC') + (${this.leaseDurationMs} * INTERVAL '1 millisecond'),
                 1,
-                CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
+                CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'
             )
             ON CONFLICT ("profile") DO UPDATE
             SET
@@ -99,10 +99,10 @@ export class DatabaseTurnDaemonLease {
                         THEN "turn_daemon_lease"."fencing_epoch"
                     ELSE "turn_daemon_lease"."fencing_epoch" + 1
                 END,
-                "heartbeat_at" = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
+                "heartbeat_at" = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'
             WHERE
                 "turn_daemon_lease"."owner_id" = EXCLUDED."owner_id"
-                OR "turn_daemon_lease"."lease_until" <= CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
+                OR "turn_daemon_lease"."lease_until" <= CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'
             RETURNING "profile", "owner_id", "fencing_epoch"
         `);
         const row = rows[0];
@@ -141,13 +141,13 @@ export class DatabaseTurnDaemonLease {
             const rows = await this.db.$queryRaw<LeaseRow[]>(GamePrisma.sql`
                 UPDATE "turn_daemon_lease"
                 SET
-                    "lease_until" = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP + (${this.leaseDurationMs} * INTERVAL '1 millisecond'),
-                    "heartbeat_at" = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
+                    "lease_until" = (CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC') + (${this.leaseDurationMs} * INTERVAL '1 millisecond'),
+                    "heartbeat_at" = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'
                 WHERE
                     "profile" = ${token.profile}
                     AND "owner_id" = ${token.ownerId}
                     AND "fencing_epoch" = ${token.fencingEpoch}
-                    AND "lease_until" > CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
+                    AND "lease_until" > CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'
                 RETURNING "profile", "owner_id", "fencing_epoch"
             `);
             if (rows.length === 0) {
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ export class DatabaseTurnDaemonLease {
                 "profile" = ${token.profile}
                 AND "owner_id" = ${token.ownerId}
                 AND "fencing_epoch" = ${token.fencingEpoch}
-                AND "lease_until" > CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
+                AND "lease_until" > CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'
             FOR UPDATE
         `);
         if (rows.length === 0) {
@@ -196,7 +196,8 @@ export class DatabaseTurnDaemonLease {
         }
         await this.db.$executeRaw(GamePrisma.sql`
             UPDATE "turn_daemon_lease"
-            SET "lease_until" = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, "heartbeat_at" = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
+            SET "lease_until" = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC',
+                "heartbeat_at" = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'
             WHERE
                 "profile" = ${token.profile}
                 AND "owner_id" = ${token.ownerId}

app/game-engine/src/lifecycle/inMemoryControlQueue.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import type { TurnDaemonCommand, TurnDaemonControlQueue } from './types.js';
 
 type Waiter = {
-    deadlineMs: number | null;
+    timeoutMs: number | null;
     resolve: (command: TurnDaemonCommand | null) => void;
     timeoutId?: ReturnType<typeof setTimeout>;
 };
@@ -32,14 +32,14 @@ export class InMemoryControlQueue implements TurnDaemonControlQueue {
         return drained;
     }
 
-    async waitUntil(deadlineMs: number | null): Promise<TurnDaemonCommand | null> {
+    async waitFor(timeoutMs: number | null): Promise<TurnDaemonCommand | null> {
         if (this.queue.length > 0) {
             return this.queue.shift() ?? null;
         }
         return new Promise((resolve) => {
-            const waiter: Waiter = { deadlineMs, resolve };
-            if (deadlineMs !== null) {
-                const delay = Math.max(0, deadlineMs - Date.now());
+            const waiter: Waiter = { timeoutMs, resolve };
+            if (timeoutMs !== null) {
+                const delay = Math.max(0, timeoutMs);
                 waiter.timeoutId = setTimeout(() => {
                     this.removeWaiter(waiter);
                     resolve(null);

app/game-engine/src/lifecycle/redisCommandStream.ts

@@ -92,14 +92,14 @@ export class RedisTurnDaemonCommandStream implements TurnDaemonControlQueue, Tur
         return drained.concat(remote);
     }
 
-    async waitUntil(deadlineMs: number | null): Promise<TurnDaemonCommand | null> {
+    async waitFor(timeoutMs: number | null): Promise<TurnDaemonCommand | null> {
         if (this.localQueue.length > 0) {
             return this.localQueue.shift() ?? null;
         }
 
-        const blockMs = deadlineMs === null ? 0 : Math.max(0, deadlineMs - Date.now());
-        const cappedBlockMs = deadlineMs === null ? 0 : Math.min(blockMs, 1000);
-        if (deadlineMs !== null && blockMs === 0) {
+        const blockMs = timeoutMs === null ? 0 : Math.max(0, timeoutMs);
+        const cappedBlockMs = timeoutMs === null ? 0 : Math.min(blockMs, 1000);
+        if (timeoutMs !== null && blockMs === 0) {
             return null;
         }
 

app/game-engine/src/lifecycle/turnDaemonLifecycle.ts

@@ -172,7 +172,20 @@ export class TurnDaemonLifecycle {
 
             const nowMs = this.clock.nowMs();
             const wallNow = new Date(nowMs);
-            const gameClock = await this.stateStore.loadGameClock?.(wallNow);
+            let gameClock = await this.stateStore.loadGameClock?.(wallNow);
+            if (gameClock?.phase === 'PREOPEN' && this.stateStore.promotePreopenAtOpening) {
+                await this.stateStore.promotePreopenAtOpening(wallNow);
+                gameClock = await this.stateStore.loadGameClock?.(wallNow);
+            }
+            if (
+                gameClock?.phase &&
+                gameClock.phase !== 'RUNNING' &&
+                gameClock.phase !== 'MANUAL'
+            ) {
+                this.status.nextTurnTime = undefined;
+                await this.clock.sleepMs(500);
+                continue;
+            }
             if (gameClock?.mode === 'manual') {
                 // Ref observes all generals due before one monthly boundary in
                 // a single snapshot. Manual mode advances directly to that
@@ -209,7 +222,7 @@ export class TurnDaemonLifecycle {
                 continue;
             }
 
-            const command = await this.controlQueue.waitUntil(nowMs + (nextTurnMs - gameNowMs));
+            const command = await this.controlQueue.waitFor(Math.max(0, nextTurnMs - gameNowMs));
             if (command) {
                 await this.handleCommand(command);
             }
@@ -255,7 +268,7 @@ export class TurnDaemonLifecycle {
     }
 
     private async waitForResume(): Promise<void> {
-        const command = await this.controlQueue.waitUntil(null);
+        const command = await this.controlQueue.waitFor(null);
         if (command) {
             await this.handleCommand(command);
         }

app/game-engine/src/lifecycle/types.ts

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import type {
     TurnRunResult,
 } from '@sammo-ts/common';
 import type { GamePrisma } from '@sammo-ts/infra';
-import type { GameClockMode } from '@sammo-ts/common';
+import type { GameClockMode, GameClockPhase } from '@sammo-ts/common';
 
 export type {
     RunReason,
@@ -29,6 +29,12 @@ export interface TurnDaemonCommandHandler {
 
 export interface TurnDaemonCommandExecutionContext {
     db?: GamePrisma.TransactionClient;
+    clockOperationAuthority?: {
+        kind: 'DAEMON';
+        profileName: string;
+        ownerId: string;
+        fencingEpoch: bigint;
+    };
 }
 
 export interface TurnDaemonCommandResponder {
@@ -60,7 +66,14 @@ export interface TurnStateStore {
     loadCheckpoint(): Promise<TurnCheckpoint | undefined>;
     saveCheckpoint(checkpoint?: TurnCheckpoint): Promise<void>;
     shouldHaltScheduledRuns?(): Promise<boolean>;
-    loadGameClock?(wallNow?: Date): Promise<{ mode: GameClockMode; now: Date }>;
+    loadGameClock?(wallNow?: Date): Promise<{
+        mode: GameClockMode;
+        now: Date;
+        phase?: GameClockPhase;
+        revision?: number;
+        deadlineGeneration?: number;
+    }>;
+    promotePreopenAtOpening?(wallNow: Date): Promise<boolean>;
     shouldRebaseRealtimeBacklog?(wallNow: Date): Promise<boolean>;
     rebaseRealtimeBacklog?(wallNow: Date): Promise<RealtimeBacklogRebaseResult | null>;
     advanceGameClockTo?(target: Date, wallNow: Date): Promise<void>;
@@ -69,7 +82,7 @@ export interface TurnStateStore {
 export interface TurnDaemonControlQueue {
     enqueue(command: TurnDaemonCommand): void;
     drain(): Promise<TurnDaemonCommand[]>;
-    waitUntil(deadlineMs: number | null): Promise<TurnDaemonCommand | null>;
+    waitFor(timeoutMs: number | null): Promise<TurnDaemonCommand | null>;
     getDepth(): number;
 }
 

app/game-engine/src/scenario/scenarioSeeder.ts

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import {
     type InputJsonValue,
     type TurnEngineEventCreateManyInput,
 } from '@sammo-ts/infra';
-import { GameClock, asNumber, asRecord, type GameClockMode } from '@sammo-ts/common';
+import { GameClock, asNumber, asRecord, type GameClockMode, type GameClockPhase } from '@sammo-ts/common';
 import {
     buildScenarioBootstrap,
     resolveScenarioGeneralDeathMonth,
@@ -94,6 +94,17 @@ export const calculateInitialTurnTick = (
     return clock.addTicks(baseTick, offsetTicks);
 };
 
+export const resolveInitialClockPhase = (
+    mode: GameClockMode,
+    seededAtWall: Date,
+    scheduledOpenAtWall: Date
+): GameClockPhase => {
+    if (mode === 'manual') {
+        return 'MANUAL';
+    }
+    return scheduledOpenAtWall.getTime() > seededAtWall.getTime() ? 'PREOPEN' : 'RUNNING';
+};
+
 const formatDateTime = (date: Date): string => {
     const pad = (value: number): string => String(value).padStart(2, '0');
     return [
@@ -234,14 +245,20 @@ export const seedScenarioToDatabase = async (options: ScenarioSeedOptions): Prom
     // A realtime season prepared before its formal opening must not consume
     // wall time while users are only allowed to edit reserved commands.
     const initialClockWallAnchor = install?.openAt && install.openAt.getTime() > now.getTime() ? install.openAt : now;
+    const initialClockPhase = resolveInitialClockPhase(gameClockMode, now, initialClockWallAnchor);
     const initialClock = new GameClock({
         baseTime: startState.startTime,
         tick: 0,
         mode: gameClockMode,
         wallAnchor: initialClockWallAnchor,
         turnSeconds: tickSeconds,
+        phase: initialClockPhase,
+        revision: 1,
     });
-    const initialClockTick = initialClock.dateToTick(now);
+    // The formal opening wall instant is always logical tick zero. PREOPEN may
+    // project signed negative observed ticks, but executable seed schedules are
+    // derived from this zero coordinate rather than from the seed wall time.
+    const initialClockTick = 0;
 
     const { seed, warnings } = buildScenarioBootstrap({
         scenario: scenarioDefinition,
@@ -327,6 +344,10 @@ export const seedScenarioToDatabase = async (options: ScenarioSeedOptions): Prom
     }
 
     worldMeta.hiddenSeed = hiddenSeed;
+    worldMeta.seededAtWall = now.toISOString();
+    worldMeta.scheduledOpenAtWall = initialClockWallAnchor.toISOString();
+    worldMeta.projectedGameDateAtOpening = initialClock.baseTime.toISOString();
+    worldMeta.calendarStart = startState.startTime.toISOString();
 
     if (install?.preopenAt) {
         worldMeta.preopenAt = formatDateTime(install.preopenAt);
@@ -420,6 +441,9 @@ export const seedScenarioToDatabase = async (options: ScenarioSeedOptions): Prom
                         clockMode: gameClockMode,
                         clockWallAnchor: initialClock.wallAnchor,
                         lastTurnTick: BigInt(initialClockTick),
+                        clockPhase: initialClockPhase,
+                        clockRevision: 1n,
+                        deadlineGeneration: 1n,
                         config: asJson({ ...scenarioConfig, ...worldConfig }),
                         meta: asJson(worldMeta),
                     },
@@ -590,13 +614,14 @@ export const seedScenarioToDatabase = async (options: ScenarioSeedOptions): Prom
                             weaponCode: general.weapon ?? 'None',
                             bookCode: general.book ?? 'None',
                             itemCode: general.item ?? 'None',
-                            turnTime: new Date(
-                                now.getTime() +
-                                    Math.floor(
-                                        (typeof general.meta.initialTurnOffsetMicros === 'number'
-                                            ? general.meta.initialTurnOffsetMicros
-                                            : 0) / 1_000
-                                    )
+                            turnTime: initialClock.tickToDate(
+                                calculateInitialTurnTick(
+                                    initialClock,
+                                    initialClockTick,
+                                    typeof general.meta.initialTurnOffsetMicros === 'number'
+                                        ? general.meta.initialTurnOffsetMicros
+                                        : 0
+                                )
                             ),
                             turnTick: BigInt(
                                 calculateInitialTurnTick(

app/game-engine/src/turn/actionableMessageResponse.ts

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import type { ImmediateGeneralActionExecutor } from './reservedTurnHandler.js';
 import { buildCommandEnv } from './reservedTurnCommands.js';
 import type { InMemoryReservedTurnStore } from './reservedTurnStore.js';
 import type { TurnEvent } from './types.js';
+import { reconcileClockSuspensionInTransaction, type ClockReconciliationResult } from './clockReconciliation.js';
 
 type ActionableMessageType = 'scout' | 'raiseInvader';
 
@@ -17,6 +18,10 @@ interface MessageRow {
     type: string;
     time: Date;
     validUntil: Date;
+    actionType: string;
+    actionStatus: string;
+    createdGameTick: bigint;
+    expiresGameTick: bigint | null;
     message: unknown;
 }
 
@@ -93,15 +98,21 @@ const invalidateMessageIds = async (
     db: GamePrisma.TransactionClient,
     world: InMemoryTurnWorld,
     ids: number[],
-    now: Date
+    now: Date,
+    authoritativeGameTick?: bigint
 ): Promise<void> => {
     const uniqueIds = [...new Set(ids.filter((id) => Number.isInteger(id) && id > 0))];
     if (uniqueIds.length === 0) return;
+    const resolvedGameTick = authoritativeGameTick ?? BigInt(world.dateToGameTick(now));
+    await db.messageAction.updateMany({
+        where: { messageId: { in: uniqueIds }, status: 'PENDING' },
+        data: { status: 'RESOLVED', resolvedGameTick },
+    });
     await db.message.updateMany({
         where: { id: { in: uniqueIds } },
         data: {
             validUntil: now,
-            validUntilTick: BigInt(world.dateToGameTick(now)),
+            validUntilTick: resolvedGameTick,
         },
     });
 };
@@ -112,40 +123,53 @@ const validateActor = async (options: {
     requestId?: string;
     userId: string;
     generalId: number;
-}): Promise<Date> => {
+}): Promise<{ processingGameTick: number }> => {
     const actor = options.world.getGeneralById(options.generalId);
     if (!actor || actor.userId !== options.userId) {
         throw new Error('messageRespond general owner does not match command user.');
     }
-    if (!options.requestId) return new Date();
+    if (!options.requestId) {
+        throw new Error('messageRespond requires a durable ENGINE input event requestId.');
+    }
     const event = await options.db.inputEvent.findUnique({
         where: { requestId: options.requestId },
-        select: { actorUserId: true, target: true, eventType: true, createdAt: true },
+        select: { actorUserId: true, target: true, eventType: true, processingGameTick: true },
     });
     if (!event) throw new Error(`ENGINE input event ${options.requestId} is missing.`);
     if (event.actorUserId !== options.userId || event.target !== 'ENGINE' || event.eventType !== 'messageRespond') {
         throw new Error('ENGINE input event actor or type does not match messageRespond.');
     }
-    return event.createdAt;
+    const processingGameTick = event.processingGameTick;
+    if (processingGameTick === null || !Number.isSafeInteger(Number(processingGameTick))) {
+        throw new Error('messageRespond requires an authoritative processing game tick.');
+    }
+    return { processingGameTick: Number(processingGameTick) };
 };
 
 const fetchMessageForUpdate = async (
     db: GamePrisma.TransactionClient,
-    world: InMemoryTurnWorld,
     messageId: number,
-    now: Date
+    currentGameTick: number
 ): Promise<MessageRow | null> => {
-    const currentTick = BigInt(world.dateToGameTick(now));
     const rows = await db.$queryRaw<MessageRow[]>(GamePrisma.sql`
-        SELECT id, mailbox, type, time, valid_until AS "validUntil", message
-        FROM message
-        WHERE id = ${messageId}
-          AND (
-              (valid_until_tick IS NOT NULL AND valid_until_tick > ${currentTick})
-              OR (valid_until_tick IS NULL AND valid_until > ${now})
-          )
+        SELECT
+            envelope.id,
+            envelope.mailbox,
+            envelope.type,
+            envelope.time,
+            envelope.valid_until AS "validUntil",
+            action.action_type AS "actionType",
+            action.status AS "actionStatus",
+            action.created_game_tick AS "createdGameTick",
+            action.expires_game_tick AS "expiresGameTick",
+            envelope.message
+        FROM message AS envelope
+        JOIN message_action AS action ON action.message_id = envelope.id
+        WHERE envelope.id = ${messageId}
+          AND action.status = 'PENDING'
+          AND (action.expires_game_tick IS NULL OR action.expires_game_tick > ${BigInt(currentGameTick)})
         LIMIT 1
-        FOR UPDATE
+        FOR UPDATE OF envelope, action
     `);
     return rows[0] ?? null;
 };
@@ -164,7 +188,7 @@ const respondToScout = async (options: {
     if (row.type !== 'private' || row.mailbox !== actorId || payload.dest.generalId !== actorId) {
         return { ok: false, action: 'scout', reason: '올바른 수신자가 아닙니다.' };
     }
-    if (row.validUntil.getTime() <= row.time.getTime() || isLegacyTruthy(asRecord(payload.option).used)) {
+    if (row.actionStatus !== 'PENDING' || row.actionType !== 'scout' || isLegacyTruthy(asRecord(payload.option).used)) {
         return { ok: false, action: 'scout', reason: '유효하지 않은 등용장입니다.' };
     }
 
@@ -185,18 +209,17 @@ const respondToScout = async (options: {
         }
 
         const otherRows = await db.$queryRaw<Array<{ id: number }>>(GamePrisma.sql`
-            SELECT id
-            FROM message
-            WHERE mailbox = ${payload.src.generalId}
-              AND type = 'private'
-              AND dest = mailbox
-              AND id <> ${row.id}
-              AND (
-                  (valid_until_tick IS NOT NULL AND valid_until_tick > ${BigInt(world.dateToGameTick(now))})
-                  OR (valid_until_tick IS NULL AND valid_until > ${now})
-              )
-              AND message->'option'->>'action' = 'scout'
-            FOR UPDATE
+            SELECT envelope.id
+            FROM message AS envelope
+            JOIN message_action AS action ON action.message_id = envelope.id
+            WHERE envelope.mailbox = ${payload.src.generalId}
+              AND envelope.type = 'private'
+              AND envelope.dest = envelope.mailbox
+              AND envelope.id <> ${row.id}
+              AND action.status = 'PENDING'
+              AND (action.expires_game_tick IS NULL OR action.expires_game_tick > ${BigInt(world.dateToGameTick(now))})
+              AND action.action_type = 'scout'
+            FOR UPDATE OF envelope, action
         `);
         await invalidateMessageIds(db, world, [row.id, ...otherRows.map(({ id }) => id)], now);
         world.queueMessage({
@@ -251,6 +274,18 @@ const respondToRaiseInvader = async (options: {
     payload: MessagePayload;
     now: Date;
     loadArchivedNationMaxId?: (serverId: string) => Promise<number>;
+    clockOperationAuthority?: {
+        kind: 'DAEMON';
+        profileName: string;
+        ownerId: string;
+        fencingEpoch: bigint;
+    };
+    reconcileUnificationWait?: (input: {
+        db: GamePrisma.TransactionClient;
+        suspensionId: string;
+        profileName: string;
+        authority: NonNullable<Parameters<typeof reconcileClockSuspensionInTransaction>[0]['authority']>;
+    }) => Promise<ClockReconciliationResult>;
 }): Promise<ActionableMessageResponseResult> => {
     const { db, world, reservedTurns, actorId, response, row, payload, now } = options;
     if (row.type !== 'private' || row.mailbox !== actorId || payload.dest.generalId !== actorId) {
@@ -272,6 +307,22 @@ const respondToRaiseInvader = async (options: {
     if (!reservedTurns) {
         throw new Error('RaiseInvader message response requires the reserved-turn store.');
     }
+    const suspensionId =
+        typeof state.meta.unificationClockSuspensionId === 'string' ? state.meta.unificationClockSuspensionId : null;
+    if (!suspensionId || !options.clockOperationAuthority) {
+        throw new Error('RaiseInvader requires a daemon-authorized UNIFICATION_WAIT suspension.');
+    }
+    const reconcile =
+        options.reconcileUnificationWait ??
+        ((input) => reconcileClockSuspensionInTransaction({ ...input, allowUnificationWait: true }));
+    const alignment = await reconcile({
+        db,
+        suspensionId,
+        profileName: options.clockOperationAuthority.profileName,
+        authority: options.clockOperationAuthority,
+    });
+    world.applyClockReconciliation(alignment);
+    const alignedState = world.getState();
     const args = asRecord(payload.option).args;
     if (!Array.isArray(args) || args.length !== 4 || args.some((value) => typeof value !== 'number')) {
         return { ok: false, action: 'raiseInvader', reason: '이민족 소환 인자가 올바르지 않습니다.' };
@@ -281,22 +332,44 @@ const respondToRaiseInvader = async (options: {
         reservedTurns,
         env: buildCommandEnv(world.getScenarioConfig(), world.getUnitSet()),
         loadArchivedNationMaxId: options.loadArchivedNationMaxId,
+        clockWallNow: alignment.resumeWallAt,
     });
     const event: TurnEvent = { id: 0, targetCode: 'month', priority: 0, condition: true, action: [], meta: {} };
     await handler(
         args,
         {
-            year: state.currentYear,
-            month: state.currentMonth,
-            startyear: asNumber(state.meta.startYear, state.currentYear),
+            year: alignedState.currentYear,
+            month: alignedState.currentMonth,
+            startyear: asNumber(alignedState.meta.startYear, alignedState.currentYear),
             currentEventID: 0,
-            // Ref uses the frozen game_env.turntime while unification is paused.
-            // `now` is the realtime game projection and can be hours ahead after
-            // a long response wait, delaying every newly summoned invader turn.
-            turnTime: state.lastTurnTime,
+            // The exact reconciliation snapshot is the authority even when the
+            // turn rate stays unchanged. Using the pre-reconciliation cursor here
+            // would create immediately overdue invader turns after a long wait.
+            turnTime: alignedState.lastTurnTime,
         },
         event
     );
+    const resolvedGameTick = BigInt(alignment.alignedTick);
+    if (resolvedGameTick < row.createdGameTick) {
+        throw new Error(
+            `RaiseInvader resolved tick ${resolvedGameTick} precedes prompt tick ${row.createdGameTick}; clock authority is inconsistent.`
+        );
+    }
+    const promptRows = await db.$queryRaw<Array<{ id: number }>>(GamePrisma.sql`
+        SELECT message_id AS id
+        FROM message_action
+        WHERE action_type = 'raiseInvader'
+          AND status = 'PENDING'
+          AND created_game_tick = ${row.createdGameTick}
+        FOR UPDATE
+    `);
+    await invalidateMessageIds(
+        db,
+        world,
+        promptRows.map(({ id }) => id),
+        world.gameTickToDate(alignment.alignedTick),
+        resolvedGameTick
+    );
     return { ok: true, action: 'raiseInvader', reason: 'success' };
 };
 
@@ -311,14 +384,27 @@ export const respondToActionableMessage = async (options: {
     messageId: number;
     response: boolean;
     loadArchivedNationMaxId?: (serverId: string) => Promise<number>;
+    clockOperationAuthority?: {
+        kind: 'DAEMON';
+        profileName: string;
+        ownerId: string;
+        fencingEpoch: bigint;
+    };
+    reconcileUnificationWait?: (input: {
+        db: GamePrisma.TransactionClient;
+        suspensionId: string;
+        profileName: string;
+        authority: NonNullable<Parameters<typeof reconcileClockSuspensionInTransaction>[0]['authority']>;
+    }) => Promise<ClockReconciliationResult>;
 }): Promise<ActionableMessageResponseResult> => {
-    const acceptedAt = await validateActor(options);
-    const now = options.world.getGameNow(acceptedAt);
-    const row = await fetchMessageForUpdate(options.db, options.world, options.messageId, now);
+    const accepted = await validateActor(options);
+    const now = options.world.gameTickToDate(accepted.processingGameTick);
+    const row = await fetchMessageForUpdate(options.db, options.messageId, accepted.processingGameTick);
     if (!row) return { ok: false, reason: '존재하지 않는 메시지입니다.' };
     const payload = parsePayload(row.message);
     if (!payload) return { ok: false, reason: '응답할 수 없는 메시지입니다.' };
     const action = asRecord(payload.option).action;
+    if (action !== row.actionType) return { ok: false, reason: '메시지 행동 상태가 일치하지 않습니다.' };
     if (action === 'scout') {
         return await respondToScout({ ...options, actorId: options.generalId, row, payload, now });
     }

app/game-engine/src/turn/ai/generalAi/core.ts

@@ -488,6 +488,23 @@ export class GeneralAI {
         return message;
     }
 
+    syncGeneralAfterNationAction(general: TurnGeneral): void {
+        const meta = { ...general.meta } as Record<string, unknown>;
+        for (const key of [
+            'fullLeadership',
+            'fullStrength',
+            'fullIntelligence',
+            'effectiveLeadership',
+            'effectiveStrength',
+            'effectiveIntelligence',
+        ]) {
+            if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(this.general.meta, key)) {
+                meta[key] = this.general.meta[key];
+            }
+        }
+        this.general = { ...general, meta: meta as TurnGeneral['meta'] };
+    }
+
     chooseGeneralTurn(reservedTurn: ReservedTurnEntry): AiCommandCandidate | null {
         this.updateInstance();
         if (!this.worldRef) {
@@ -1198,6 +1215,13 @@ export class GeneralAI {
                 ) {
                     continue;
                 }
+                const oldChief = this.chiefGenerals[11];
+                if (oldChief && oldChief.id !== candidate.id) {
+                    oldChief.officerLevel = 1;
+                    oldChief.meta = { ...oldChief.meta, officer_city: 0 };
+                    this.promotionPatches.push({ generalId: oldChief.id, officerLevel: 1, officerCity: 0 });
+                    effectiveOfficerLevel.set(oldChief.id, 1);
+                }
                 const permission = penalty.noAmbassador === true ? undefined : 'ambassador';
                 candidate.officerLevel = 11;
                 candidate.meta = {

app/game-engine/src/turn/ai/generalAi/nation/diplomacy.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import type { GeneralAI } from '../core.js';
 import { asRecord, joinYearMonth, parseYearMonth, readMetaNumber } from '../../aiUtils.js';
-import { resolveDiplomacyMessageValidUntilTick } from '@sammo-ts/logic';
+import { resolveDiplomacyMessageValidUntilTick, resolveNonAggressionMaxEndYear } from '@sammo-ts/logic';
 import { isNeighbor } from '@sammo-ts/logic/world/distance.js';
 import { resolveNationIncome } from './helpers.js';
 
@@ -99,7 +99,8 @@ export const do불가침제의 = (ai: GeneralAI) => {
         return null;
     }
 
-    const [targetYear, targetMonth] = parseYearMonth(Math.floor(yearMonth + diplomatMonth));
+    const maxEndMonth = joinYearMonth(resolveNonAggressionMaxEndYear(ai.world.currentYear), 12);
+    const [targetYear, targetMonth] = parseYearMonth(Math.min(Math.floor(yearMonth + diplomatMonth), maxEndMonth));
     const result = ai.buildNationCandidate(
         'che_불가침제의',
         { destNationId, year: targetYear, month: targetMonth },

app/game-engine/src/turn/ai/policies.ts

@@ -61,10 +61,9 @@ export const AVAILABLE_INSTANT_TURN: Record<string, boolean> = {
     NPC전방발령: true,
 };
 
-export type UserRulerAutomationFeature = 'diplomacy' | 'war' | 'promotion' | 'finance' | 'capital';
+export type UserRulerAutomationFeature = 'war' | 'promotion' | 'finance' | 'capital';
 
 const USER_RULER_AUTOMATION_META_KEY = {
-    diplomacy: 'use_auto_nation_diplomacy',
     war: 'use_auto_nation_war',
     promotion: 'use_auto_nation_promotion',
     finance: 'use_auto_nation_finance',
@@ -72,7 +71,6 @@ const USER_RULER_AUTOMATION_META_KEY = {
 } as const satisfies Record<UserRulerAutomationFeature, string>;
 
 const USER_RULER_ACTION_FEATURE: Readonly<Record<string, UserRulerAutomationFeature>> = {
-    불가침제의: 'diplomacy',
     선전포고: 'war',
     천도: 'capital',
 };

app/game-engine/src/turn/clockProjectionOutbox.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,341 @@
+import { createHash } from 'node:crypto';
+
+import { GameClock, parseGameClockPhase } from '@sammo-ts/common';
+import {
+    CLOCK_OPERATION_PERSISTENCE_LOCK,
+    GamePrisma,
+    acquireGameSchemaAdvisoryXactLock,
+    type GamePrismaClient,
+} from '@sammo-ts/infra';
+
+export interface ClockProjectionRedis {
+    get(key: string): Promise<string | null>;
+    eval(script: string, options: { keys: string[]; arguments: string[] }): Promise<unknown>;
+}
+
+interface ClaimedOutboxRow {
+    id: bigint;
+}
+
+interface DbWallRow {
+    wallNow: Date;
+}
+
+interface ProjectionPayload {
+    version: 1;
+    profileName: string;
+    suspensionId: string;
+    sourceRevision: number;
+    targetRevision: number;
+    deadlineGeneration: number;
+    shiftTicks: number;
+    projectionDeltaMilliseconds: number;
+    clockBaseTime: string;
+    ticksPerSecond: number;
+}
+
+interface TournamentProjectionState {
+    stage?: number;
+    nextAt?: string;
+    nextTick?: number;
+    bettingCloseAt?: string;
+    bettingCloseTick?: number;
+    clockRevision?: number;
+    deadlineGeneration?: number;
+    [key: string]: unknown;
+}
+
+const APPLY_CLOCK_PROJECTION_SCRIPT = `
+local active = redis.call('GET', KEYS[1])
+if active == ARGV[2] then
+  if redis.call('GET', KEYS[5]) == ARGV[4] and redis.call('GET', KEYS[2]) == ARGV[3] then
+    return 2
+  end
+  return -3
+end
+if active and active ~= ARGV[1] then
+  return -1
+end
+if ARGV[5] ~= '__NONE__' and redis.call('GET', KEYS[4]) ~= ARGV[5] then
+  return -2
+end
+redis.call('DEL', KEYS[3])
+local count = tonumber(ARGV[7])
+local offset = 8
+for index = 1, count do
+  redis.call('ZADD', KEYS[3], ARGV[offset], ARGV[offset + 1])
+  offset = offset + 2
+end
+if ARGV[5] ~= '__NONE__' then
+  redis.call('SET', KEYS[4], ARGV[6])
+end
+redis.call('SET', KEYS[1], ARGV[2])
+redis.call('SET', KEYS[2], ARGV[3])
+redis.call('SET', KEYS[5], ARGV[4])
+redis.call('SET', KEYS[6], 'RUNNING')
+return 1
+`;
+
+const safeInteger = (value: unknown, label: string): number => {
+    const result = typeof value === 'bigint' ? Number(value) : value;
+    if (typeof result !== 'number' || !Number.isSafeInteger(result)) {
+        throw new Error(`${label} must be a safe integer.`);
+    }
+    return result;
+};
+
+const canonicalize = (value: unknown): unknown => {
+    if (typeof value === 'bigint') return value.toString();
+    if (Array.isArray(value)) return value.map(canonicalize);
+    if (value && typeof value === 'object') {
+        return Object.fromEntries(
+            Object.entries(value as Record<string, unknown>)
+                .sort(([left], [right]) => left.localeCompare(right))
+                .map(([key, item]) => [key, canonicalize(item)])
+        );
+    }
+    return value;
+};
+
+const stableJson = (value: unknown): string => JSON.stringify(canonicalize(value));
+
+const checksum = (value: unknown): string => createHash('sha256').update(stableJson(value)).digest('hex');
+
+const readDbWall = async (db: GamePrisma.TransactionClient): Promise<Date> => {
+    const rows = await db.$queryRaw<DbWallRow[]>(GamePrisma.sql`
+        SELECT (CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC')::timestamp(3) AS "wallNow"
+    `);
+    if (!rows[0]?.wallNow) throw new Error('Failed to read PostgreSQL wall time for the projection outbox.');
+    return rows[0].wallNow;
+};
+
+const parsePayload = (value: GamePrisma.JsonValue): ProjectionPayload => {
+    if (!value || typeof value !== 'object' || Array.isArray(value)) {
+        throw new Error('Clock projection outbox payload must be an object.');
+    }
+    const payload = value as Record<string, unknown>;
+    if (payload.version !== 1 || typeof payload.profileName !== 'string' || typeof payload.suspensionId !== 'string') {
+        throw new Error('Clock projection outbox payload identity is invalid.');
+    }
+    if (typeof payload.clockBaseTime !== 'string') {
+        throw new Error('Clock projection outbox is missing its projection base.');
+    }
+    return {
+        version: 1,
+        profileName: payload.profileName,
+        suspensionId: payload.suspensionId,
+        sourceRevision: safeInteger(payload.sourceRevision, 'sourceRevision'),
+        targetRevision: safeInteger(payload.targetRevision, 'targetRevision'),
+        deadlineGeneration: safeInteger(payload.deadlineGeneration, 'deadlineGeneration'),
+        shiftTicks: safeInteger(payload.shiftTicks, 'shiftTicks'),
+        projectionDeltaMilliseconds: safeInteger(payload.projectionDeltaMilliseconds, 'projectionDeltaMilliseconds'),
+        clockBaseTime: payload.clockBaseTime,
+        ticksPerSecond: safeInteger(payload.ticksPerSecond, 'ticksPerSecond'),
+    };
+};
+
+const claimNext = async (db: GamePrismaClient, workerId: string) =>
+    db.$transaction(async (transaction) => {
+        const rows = await transaction.$queryRaw<ClaimedOutboxRow[]>(GamePrisma.sql`
+            SELECT id
+            FROM clock_projection_outbox
+            WHERE available_at <= (CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC')
+              AND (
+                status IN ('PENDING', 'FAILED')
+                OR (status = 'APPLYING' AND locked_at < (CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC') - INTERVAL '30 seconds')
+              )
+            ORDER BY id
+            LIMIT 1
+            FOR UPDATE SKIP LOCKED
+        `);
+        const id = rows[0]?.id;
+        if (id === undefined) return null;
+        const lockedAt = await readDbWall(transaction);
+        return transaction.clockProjectionOutbox.update({
+            where: { id },
+            data: {
+                status: 'APPLYING',
+                attempts: { increment: 1 },
+                lockedAt,
+                lockedBy: workerId,
+                lastError: null,
+            },
+        });
+    });
+
+const projectTournamentState = (
+    raw: string | null,
+    payload: ProjectionPayload,
+    clock: GameClock
+): { expected: string; next: string } | null => {
+    if (!raw) return null;
+    const parsed = JSON.parse(raw) as TournamentProjectionState;
+    const active = typeof parsed.stage === 'number' && parsed.stage > 0;
+    if (active && parsed.nextAt && !Number.isSafeInteger(parsed.nextTick)) {
+        throw new Error('Active tournament nextAt lacks the authoritative nextTick dual-write.');
+    }
+    if (active && parsed.bettingCloseAt && !Number.isSafeInteger(parsed.bettingCloseTick)) {
+        throw new Error('Active tournament bettingCloseAt lacks the authoritative bettingCloseTick dual-write.');
+    }
+    const next: TournamentProjectionState = {
+        ...parsed,
+        clockRevision: payload.targetRevision,
+        deadlineGeneration: payload.deadlineGeneration,
+    };
+    if (Number.isSafeInteger(parsed.nextTick)) {
+        next.nextTick = parsed.nextTick! + payload.shiftTicks;
+        next.nextAt = clock.tickToDate(next.nextTick).toISOString();
+    }
+    if (Number.isSafeInteger(parsed.bettingCloseTick)) {
+        next.bettingCloseTick = parsed.bettingCloseTick! + payload.shiftTicks;
+        next.bettingCloseAt = clock.tickToDate(next.bettingCloseTick).toISOString();
+    }
+    return { expected: raw, next: JSON.stringify(next) };
+};
+
+const recordFailure = async (db: GamePrismaClient, outboxId: bigint, error: unknown): Promise<void> => {
+    const message = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
+    await db.$executeRaw(GamePrisma.sql`
+        UPDATE clock_projection_outbox
+        SET status = 'FAILED',
+            locked_at = NULL,
+            locked_by = NULL,
+            last_error = ${message.slice(0, 4_000)},
+            available_at = (CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC') + INTERVAL '1 second'
+        WHERE id = ${outboxId} AND status = 'APPLYING'
+    `);
+};
+
+export const applyNextClockProjection = async (options: {
+    db: GamePrismaClient;
+    redis: ClockProjectionRedis;
+    workerId: string;
+}): Promise<'IDLE' | 'APPLIED' | 'RECOVERED'> => {
+    if (!options.workerId.trim()) throw new Error('Clock projection worker ID is required.');
+    const outbox = await claimNext(options.db, options.workerId);
+    if (!outbox) return 'IDLE';
+    try {
+        const payload = parsePayload(outbox.payload);
+        if (checksum(outbox.payload) !== outbox.checksum) {
+            throw new Error('Clock projection outbox checksum verification failed.');
+        }
+        if (outbox.targetRevision !== BigInt(payload.targetRevision)) {
+            throw new Error('Clock projection payload revision differs from its outbox row.');
+        }
+        const world = await options.db.worldState.findUniqueOrThrow({ where: { id: outbox.worldStateId } });
+        if (
+            parseGameClockPhase(world.clockPhase) !== 'RECONCILING' ||
+            world.clockRevision !== outbox.targetRevision ||
+            world.deadlineGeneration !== BigInt(payload.deadlineGeneration) ||
+            !world.clockBaseTime
+        ) {
+            throw new Error('Clock projection DB phase/revision/generation fence failed.');
+        }
+        const clock = new GameClock({
+            baseTime: new Date(payload.clockBaseTime),
+            tick: safeInteger(world.clockTick, 'world clock tick'),
+            mode: world.clockMode === 'manual' ? 'manual' : 'realtime',
+            wallAnchor: world.clockWallAnchor ?? new Date(),
+            turnSeconds: world.tickSeconds,
+            phase: 'RECONCILING',
+            revision: payload.targetRevision,
+        });
+        if (clock.ticksPerSecond !== payload.ticksPerSecond) {
+            throw new Error('Clock projection rate differs from the durable outbox payload.');
+        }
+        const auctions = await options.db.auction.findMany({
+            where: { status: { in: ['OPEN', 'FINALIZING'] } },
+            orderBy: { id: 'asc' },
+            select: { id: true, closeTick: true },
+        });
+        const timers = auctions.map((auction) => {
+            if (auction.closeTick === null) {
+                throw new Error(`Active auction ${auction.id} lacks closeTick during projection rebuild.`);
+            }
+            return { score: safeInteger(auction.closeTick, `auction ${auction.id} closeTick`), id: String(auction.id) };
+        });
+        const prefix = `sammo:${payload.profileName}`;
+        const tournamentKey = `${prefix}:tournament:state`;
+        const tournament = projectTournamentState(await options.redis.get(tournamentKey), payload, clock);
+        const result = await options.redis.eval(APPLY_CLOCK_PROJECTION_SCRIPT, {
+            keys: [
+                `${prefix}:clock:active-revision`,
+                `${prefix}:clock:deadline-generation`,
+                `${prefix}:auction:timer`,
+                tournamentKey,
+                `${prefix}:clock:projection-checksum`,
+                `${prefix}:clock:phase`,
+            ],
+            arguments: [
+                String(payload.sourceRevision),
+                String(payload.targetRevision),
+                String(payload.deadlineGeneration),
+                outbox.checksum,
+                tournament?.expected ?? '__NONE__',
+                tournament?.next ?? '__NONE__',
+                String(timers.length),
+                ...timers.flatMap(({ score, id }) => [String(score), id]),
+            ],
+        });
+        const applied = Number(result);
+        if (applied === -1) throw new Error('Redis active clock revision does not match the outbox source revision.');
+        if (applied === -2) throw new Error('Redis tournament state changed while rebuilding its projection.');
+        if (applied === -3) throw new Error('Redis target revision exists without the expected projection checksum.');
+        if (applied !== 1 && applied !== 2)
+            throw new Error(`Unexpected Redis clock projection result: ${String(result)}`);
+
+        await options.db.$transaction(async (transaction) => {
+            await acquireGameSchemaAdvisoryXactLock(transaction, CLOCK_OPERATION_PERSISTENCE_LOCK);
+            await transaction.$queryRaw<ClaimedOutboxRow[]>(GamePrisma.sql`
+                SELECT id FROM world_state WHERE id = ${outbox.worldStateId} FOR UPDATE
+            `);
+            const finalized = await transaction.worldState.updateMany({
+                where: {
+                    id: outbox.worldStateId,
+                    clockPhase: 'RECONCILING',
+                    clockRevision: outbox.targetRevision,
+                    deadlineGeneration: BigInt(payload.deadlineGeneration),
+                },
+                data: { clockPhase: 'RUNNING' },
+            });
+            if (finalized.count !== 1) {
+                throw new Error('Clock projection final RUNNING transition fence failed.');
+            }
+            const appliedAt = await readDbWall(transaction);
+            await transaction.clockProjectionOutbox.update({
+                where: { id: outbox.id },
+                data: { status: 'APPLIED', appliedAt, lockedAt: null, lockedBy: null, lastError: null },
+            });
+            if (outbox.suspensionId) {
+                await transaction.clockSuspension.update({
+                    where: { id: outbox.suspensionId },
+                    data: { status: 'APPLIED' },
+                });
+            }
+        });
+        return applied === 2 ? 'RECOVERED' : 'APPLIED';
+    } catch (error) {
+        await recordFailure(options.db, outbox.id, error);
+        throw error;
+    }
+};
+
+export const loadClockReconciliationReadiness = async (db: GamePrismaClient) => {
+    const world = await db.worldState.findFirst({
+        orderBy: { id: 'asc' },
+        select: { clockPhase: true, clockRevision: true, deadlineGeneration: true },
+    });
+    const incompleteOutboxCount = await db.clockProjectionOutbox.count({ where: { status: { not: 'APPLIED' } } });
+    if (!world) {
+        return { ready: false, phase: null, revision: null, deadlineGeneration: null, incompleteOutboxCount };
+    }
+    const phase = parseGameClockPhase(world.clockPhase);
+    return {
+        ready: phase !== 'RECONCILING' && incompleteOutboxCount === 0,
+        gameplayEnabled: phase === 'RUNNING' || phase === 'MANUAL',
+        phase,
+        revision: safeInteger(world.clockRevision, 'clock revision'),
+        deadlineGeneration: safeInteger(world.deadlineGeneration, 'deadline generation'),
+        incompleteOutboxCount,
+    };
+};

app/game-engine/src/turn/clockReconciliation.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,1044 @@
+import { createHash } from 'node:crypto';
+
+import {
+    GAME_TICKS_PER_TURN,
+    MAX_SAFE_GAME_TICK,
+    GameClock,
+    buildClockAlignmentPlan,
+    parseClockAlignmentPolicy,
+    parseGameClockPhase,
+    type ClockAlignmentPolicy,
+} from '@sammo-ts/common';
+import {
+    CLOCK_OPERATION_PERSISTENCE_LOCK,
+    GENERAL_ACCESS_PERSISTENCE_LOCK,
+    GamePrisma,
+    acquireGameSchemaAdvisoryXactLock,
+    type GamePrismaClient,
+} from '@sammo-ts/infra';
+
+export type ClockSuspensionSource = 'MAINTENANCE' | 'OPEN_DELAY' | 'UNIFICATION_WAIT' | 'RECOVERY';
+
+export type ClockOperationAuthority =
+    | { kind: 'DAEMON'; profileName: string; ownerId: string; fencingEpoch: bigint }
+    | { kind: 'OFFLINE'; profileName: string; reason: string };
+
+export interface ClockSuspensionResult {
+    suspensionId: string;
+    phase: 'SUSPENDED';
+    sourceRevision: number;
+    targetRevision: number;
+    cutTick: number;
+    cutWallAt: Date;
+}
+
+export interface ClockReconciliationResult {
+    suspensionId: string;
+    phase: 'RECONCILING';
+    sourceRevision: number;
+    targetRevision: number;
+    deadlineGeneration: number;
+    gapTicks: number;
+    catchUpTicks: number;
+    shiftTicks: number;
+    alignedTick: number;
+    resumeWallAt: Date;
+}
+
+interface DbWallRow {
+    wallNow: Date;
+}
+
+interface LeaseFenceRow {
+    ownerId: string;
+    fencingEpoch: bigint;
+    valid: boolean;
+}
+
+interface IdRow {
+    id: number;
+}
+
+interface TextIdRow {
+    id: string;
+}
+
+interface ParticipantSnapshot {
+    key: string;
+    policy: 'SHIFT' | 'KEEP' | 'REBUILD';
+    checksum: string;
+    count: number;
+}
+
+const asJson = (value: unknown): GamePrisma.InputJsonValue => value as GamePrisma.InputJsonValue;
+
+const safeNumber = (value: bigint, label: string): number => {
+    const result = Number(value);
+    if (!Number.isSafeInteger(result)) {
+        throw new Error(`${label} is outside the JavaScript safe integer range: ${value}`);
+    }
+    return result;
+};
+
+const canonicalize = (value: unknown): unknown => {
+    if (typeof value === 'bigint') return value.toString();
+    if (Array.isArray(value)) return value.map(canonicalize);
+    if (value && typeof value === 'object') {
+        return Object.fromEntries(
+            Object.entries(value as Record<string, unknown>)
+                .sort(([left], [right]) => left.localeCompare(right))
+                .map(([key, item]) => [key, canonicalize(item)])
+        );
+    }
+    return value;
+};
+
+const stableJson = (value: unknown): string => JSON.stringify(canonicalize(value));
+
+const checksum = (value: unknown): string => createHash('sha256').update(stableJson(value)).digest('hex');
+
+const aggregateChecksum = (participants: readonly ParticipantSnapshot[]): string =>
+    checksum(participants.map(({ key, policy, checksum: value, count }) => ({ key, policy, checksum: value, count })));
+
+const readDbWall = async (db: GamePrisma.TransactionClient): Promise<Date> => {
+    const rows = await db.$queryRaw<DbWallRow[]>(GamePrisma.sql`
+        SELECT (CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC')::timestamp(3) AS "wallNow"
+    `);
+    const wallNow = rows[0]?.wallNow;
+    if (!wallNow || Number.isNaN(wallNow.getTime())) {
+        throw new Error('Failed to read the PostgreSQL wall clock.');
+    }
+    return wallNow;
+};
+
+export const readClockDatabaseWall = readDbWall;
+
+const isRetryableSerializableClockError = (error: unknown): boolean => {
+    if (!error || typeof error !== 'object') return false;
+    const value = error as { code?: unknown; message?: unknown; meta?: unknown };
+    const meta =
+        value.meta && typeof value.meta === 'object'
+            ? (value.meta as { code?: unknown; message?: unknown })
+            : undefined;
+    const code = typeof value.code === 'string' ? value.code : '';
+    const databaseCode = typeof meta?.code === 'string' ? meta.code : '';
+    const message = [value.message, meta?.message]
+        .filter((entry): entry is string => typeof entry === 'string')
+        .join(' ');
+    return (
+        code === 'P2034' ||
+        code === '40001' ||
+        databaseCode === '40001' ||
+        message.includes('40001') ||
+        message.includes('could not serialize access')
+    );
+};
+
+const runSerializableClockOperation = async <T>(operation: () => Promise<T>): Promise<T> => {
+    const maxAttempts = 3;
+    for (let attempt = 1; ; attempt += 1) {
+        try {
+            return await operation();
+        } catch (error) {
+            if (attempt >= maxAttempts || !isRetryableSerializableClockError(error)) {
+                throw error;
+            }
+            await new Promise<void>((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, attempt * 10));
+        }
+    }
+};
+
+const verifyAuthority = async (db: GamePrisma.TransactionClient, authority: ClockOperationAuthority): Promise<void> => {
+    const rows = await db.$queryRaw<LeaseFenceRow[]>(GamePrisma.sql`
+        SELECT owner_id AS "ownerId",
+               fencing_epoch AS "fencingEpoch",
+               lease_until > (CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC') AS valid
+        FROM turn_daemon_lease
+        WHERE profile = ${authority.profileName}
+        FOR UPDATE
+    `);
+    const lease = rows[0];
+    if (authority.kind === 'OFFLINE') {
+        if (!authority.reason.trim()) {
+            throw new Error('Offline clock operations require an audit reason.');
+        }
+        if (lease?.valid) {
+            throw new Error(`Clock operation requires the ${authority.profileName} daemon lease to be offline.`);
+        }
+        return;
+    }
+    if (!lease?.valid || lease.ownerId !== authority.ownerId || lease.fencingEpoch !== authority.fencingEpoch) {
+        throw new Error(`Stale turn-daemon fencing authority for profile ${authority.profileName}.`);
+    }
+};
+
+const lockWorld = async (db: GamePrisma.TransactionClient): Promise<number> => {
+    const rows = await db.$queryRaw<IdRow[]>(GamePrisma.sql`
+        SELECT id FROM world_state ORDER BY id LIMIT 2 FOR UPDATE
+    `);
+    if (rows.length !== 1) {
+        throw new Error(`Clock reconciliation requires exactly one world_state row; found ${rows.length}.`);
+    }
+    return rows[0]!.id;
+};
+
+const lockParticipants = async (db: GamePrisma.TransactionClient, _cutTick: bigint): Promise<void> => {
+    await db.$queryRaw<IdRow[]>(GamePrisma.sql`SELECT id FROM general ORDER BY id FOR UPDATE`);
+    await db.$queryRaw<IdRow[]>(GamePrisma.sql`
+        SELECT id FROM auction
+        WHERE status IN ('OPEN'::auction_status, 'FINALIZING'::auction_status)
+        ORDER BY id FOR UPDATE
+    `);
+    await db.$queryRaw<IdRow[]>(GamePrisma.sql`
+        SELECT bid.id
+        FROM auction_bid AS bid
+        JOIN auction ON auction.id = bid.auction_id
+        WHERE auction.status IN ('OPEN'::auction_status, 'FINALIZING'::auction_status)
+        ORDER BY bid.id FOR UPDATE OF bid
+    `);
+    await db.$queryRaw<IdRow[]>(GamePrisma.sql`
+        SELECT message_id AS id FROM message_action
+        WHERE status = 'PENDING'
+        ORDER BY message_id FOR UPDATE
+    `);
+    await db.$queryRaw<IdRow[]>(GamePrisma.sql`SELECT id FROM inheritance_ledger ORDER BY id FOR UPDATE`);
+    await db.$queryRaw<IdRow[]>(GamePrisma.sql`
+        SELECT id FROM vote_poll WHERE closed_at IS NULL ORDER BY id FOR UPDATE
+    `);
+    await db.$queryRaw<IdRow[]>(GamePrisma.sql`
+        SELECT id FROM select_pool WHERE general_id IS NULL ORDER BY id FOR UPDATE
+    `);
+    await db.$queryRaw<TextIdRow[]>(GamePrisma.sql`
+        SELECT owner_user_id AS id FROM select_npc_token ORDER BY owner_user_id FOR UPDATE
+    `);
+};
+
+const readParticipantSnapshots = async (
+    db: GamePrisma.TransactionClient,
+    worldStateId: number,
+    cutTick: bigint
+): Promise<ParticipantSnapshot[]> => {
+    const [world, generals, auctions, auctionBids, messages, inheritanceEffects, votes, pool, npcTokens, commands] =
+        await Promise.all([
+            db.worldState.findUniqueOrThrow({
+                where: { id: worldStateId },
+                select: {
+                    clockTick: true,
+                    clockRevision: true,
+                    deadlineGeneration: true,
+                    lastTurnTick: true,
+                    meta: true,
+                },
+            }),
+            db.general.findMany({
+                orderBy: { id: 'asc' },
+                select: { id: true, turnTick: true, recentWarTick: true, meta: true },
+            }),
+            db.auction.findMany({
+                where: { status: { in: ['OPEN', 'FINALIZING'] } },
+                orderBy: { id: 'asc' },
+                select: { id: true, status: true, openTick: true, closeTick: true },
+            }),
+            db.auctionBid.findMany({
+                where: { auction: { status: { in: ['OPEN', 'FINALIZING'] } } },
+                orderBy: { id: 'asc' },
+                select: { id: true, occurredGameTick: true },
+            }),
+            db.messageAction.findMany({
+                where: { status: 'PENDING' },
+                orderBy: { messageId: 'asc' },
+                select: {
+                    messageId: true,
+                    createdGameTick: true,
+                    expiresGameTick: true,
+                    clockRevision: true,
+                    deadlineGeneration: true,
+                },
+            }),
+            db.inheritanceLedger.findMany({
+                orderBy: { id: 'asc' },
+                select: { id: true, appliedClockRevision: true, appliedDeadlineGeneration: true },
+            }),
+            db.votePoll.findMany({
+                where: { closedAt: null },
+                orderBy: { id: 'asc' },
+                select: { id: true, startTick: true, endTick: true },
+            }),
+            db.selectPoolEntry.findMany({
+                where: { generalId: null },
+                orderBy: { id: 'asc' },
+                select: { id: true, reservedUntilTick: true },
+            }),
+            db.npcSelectionToken.findMany({
+                orderBy: { ownerUserId: 'asc' },
+                select: { ownerUserId: true, validUntilTick: true, pickMoreFromTick: true },
+            }),
+            db.inputEvent.findMany({
+                where: { status: { in: ['PENDING', 'PROCESSING'] } },
+                orderBy: { sequence: 'asc' },
+                select: { sequence: true, acceptedGameTick: true, acceptedClockRevision: true },
+            }),
+        ]);
+    const snapshot = (key: string, policy: ParticipantSnapshot['policy'], rows: unknown[]): ParticipantSnapshot => ({
+        key,
+        policy,
+        checksum: checksum(rows),
+        count: rows.length,
+    });
+    const meta = world.meta && typeof world.meta === 'object' && !Array.isArray(world.meta) ? world.meta : {};
+    return [
+        snapshot('world-clock', 'REBUILD', [
+            {
+                clockTick: world.clockTick,
+                clockRevision: world.clockRevision,
+                deadlineGeneration: world.deadlineGeneration,
+            },
+        ]),
+        snapshot('turn-cursor', 'SHIFT', [{ lastTurnTick: world.lastTurnTick }]),
+        snapshot(
+            'general-next-turn',
+            'SHIFT',
+            generals.map(({ id, turnTick }) => ({ id, turnTick }))
+        ),
+        snapshot(
+            'general-recent-war-occurrence',
+            'KEEP',
+            generals.map(({ id, recentWarTick }) => ({ id, recentWarTick }))
+        ),
+        snapshot(
+            'selection-reselection-deadline',
+            'SHIFT',
+            generals.flatMap(({ id, meta: generalMeta }) => {
+                const raw =
+                    generalMeta && typeof generalMeta === 'object' && !Array.isArray(generalMeta)
+                        ? Reflect.get(generalMeta, 'next_change_tick')
+                        : null;
+                const value = typeof raw === 'number' ? raw : typeof raw === 'string' ? Number(raw) : Number.NaN;
+                return Number.isSafeInteger(value) && BigInt(value) >= cutTick ? [{ id, nextChangeTick: value }] : [];
+            })
+        ),
+        snapshot(
+            'auction-open-occurrence',
+            'KEEP',
+            auctions.map(({ id, openTick }) => ({ id, openTick }))
+        ),
+        snapshot(
+            'auction-deadline',
+            'SHIFT',
+            auctions.map(({ id, status, closeTick }) => ({ id, status, closeTick }))
+        ),
+        snapshot('auction-bid-occurrence', 'KEEP', auctionBids),
+        snapshot(
+            'auction-finalizing-recovery',
+            'REBUILD',
+            auctions.map(({ id, status }) => ({ id, status }))
+        ),
+        snapshot(
+            'message-action-occurrence',
+            'KEEP',
+            messages.map(({ messageId, createdGameTick }) => ({ messageId, createdGameTick }))
+        ),
+        snapshot(
+            'message-action-expiry',
+            'SHIFT',
+            messages
+                .filter(({ expiresGameTick }) => expiresGameTick !== null && expiresGameTick >= cutTick)
+                .map(({ messageId, expiresGameTick }) => ({ messageId, expiresGameTick }))
+        ),
+        snapshot(
+            'message-action-clock-coordinate',
+            'REBUILD',
+            messages.map(({ messageId, clockRevision, deadlineGeneration }) => ({
+                messageId,
+                clockRevision,
+                deadlineGeneration,
+            }))
+        ),
+        snapshot('inheritance-effect-coordinate', 'KEEP', inheritanceEffects),
+        snapshot(
+            'vote-start-occurrence',
+            'KEEP',
+            votes.map(({ id, startTick }) => ({ id, startTick }))
+        ),
+        snapshot(
+            'vote-end-deadline',
+            'SHIFT',
+            votes.map(({ id, endTick }) => ({ id, endTick }))
+        ),
+        snapshot('select-pool-reservation', 'SHIFT', pool),
+        snapshot('npc-selection-window', 'SHIFT', npcTokens),
+        snapshot('daemon-command-coordinate', 'KEEP', commands),
+        snapshot('movable-json-rule-anchors', 'SHIFT', [
+            {
+                lastTurnTime: Reflect.get(meta, 'lastTurnTime'),
+                turntime: Reflect.get(meta, 'turntime'),
+                starttime: Reflect.get(meta, 'starttime'),
+                tnmt_time: Reflect.get(meta, 'tnmt_time'),
+            },
+        ]),
+    ];
+};
+
+const persistInitialParticipants = async (
+    db: GamePrisma.TransactionClient,
+    suspensionId: string,
+    participants: readonly ParticipantSnapshot[]
+): Promise<void> => {
+    for (const participant of participants) {
+        await db.clockReconciliationParticipant.create({
+            data: {
+                suspensionId,
+                participantKey: participant.key,
+                policy: participant.policy,
+                beforeChecksum: participant.checksum,
+                afterChecksum: participant.checksum,
+                affectedCount: 0,
+            },
+        });
+    }
+};
+
+/**
+ * Locks every registered participant before an enclosing transaction mutates
+ * the world into a suspended state. The caller must already hold the daemon,
+ * clock-operation, general-access, and world-row lock prefix.
+ */
+export const prepareClockSuspensionUnderHeldLocks = async (options: {
+    db: GamePrisma.TransactionClient;
+    cutTick: number;
+    cutWallAt?: Date;
+}): Promise<{ cutWallAt: Date }> => {
+    if (!Number.isSafeInteger(options.cutTick)) {
+        throw new Error(`Clock suspension cut tick is outside the safe integer range: ${options.cutTick}.`);
+    }
+    const cutWallAt = options.cutWallAt ? new Date(options.cutWallAt.getTime()) : await readDbWall(options.db);
+    await lockParticipants(options.db, BigInt(options.cutTick));
+    return { cutWallAt };
+};
+
+/**
+ * Persists the ledger after all suspension-boundary gameplay writes have been
+ * staged in the same transaction. Lock acquisition belongs to
+ * prepareClockSuspensionUnderHeldLocks and must happen first.
+ */
+export const persistClockSuspensionLedgerUnderHeldLocks = async (options: {
+    db: GamePrisma.TransactionClient;
+    suspensionId: string;
+    worldStateId: number;
+    profileName: string;
+    source: ClockSuspensionSource;
+    cutTick: number;
+    cutWallAt: Date;
+    rateTicksPerSecond: number;
+    sourceRevision: number;
+    policy?: ClockAlignmentPolicy;
+    catchUpTicks?: number;
+}): Promise<void> => {
+    if (!options.suspensionId.trim() || options.suspensionId.length > 64) {
+        throw new Error('Clock suspension ID must contain 1-64 characters.');
+    }
+    const policy = options.policy ?? 'EXACT';
+    const catchUpTicks = options.catchUpTicks ?? 0;
+    if (!Number.isSafeInteger(catchUpTicks) || catchUpTicks < 0) {
+        throw new Error('Clock suspension catch-up ticks must be a non-negative safe integer.');
+    }
+    const existing = await options.db.clockSuspension.findUnique({ where: { id: options.suspensionId } });
+    if (existing) {
+        if (
+            existing.worldStateId !== options.worldStateId ||
+            existing.source !== options.source ||
+            existing.sourceRevision !== BigInt(options.sourceRevision)
+        ) {
+            throw new Error(`Clock suspension ID ${options.suspensionId} is already bound to another operation.`);
+        }
+        return;
+    }
+    const world = await options.db.worldState.findUniqueOrThrow({ where: { id: options.worldStateId } });
+    if (
+        parseGameClockPhase(world.clockPhase) !== 'SUSPENDED' ||
+        world.clockRevision !== BigInt(options.sourceRevision)
+    ) {
+        throw new Error('Clock suspension ledger requires a matching durable SUSPENDED world revision.');
+    }
+    const participants = await readParticipantSnapshots(options.db, options.worldStateId, BigInt(options.cutTick));
+    await options.db.clockSuspension.create({
+        data: {
+            id: options.suspensionId,
+            worldStateId: options.worldStateId,
+            source: options.source,
+            policy,
+            status: 'SUSPENDED',
+            sourceRevision: BigInt(options.sourceRevision),
+            targetRevision: BigInt(options.sourceRevision + 1),
+            cutTick: BigInt(options.cutTick),
+            cutWallAt: options.cutWallAt,
+            rateTicksPerSecond: options.rateTicksPerSecond,
+            catchUpTicks: BigInt(catchUpTicks),
+            participantChecksumBefore: aggregateChecksum(participants),
+            detail: asJson({ authority: 'DAEMON', profileName: options.profileName }),
+        },
+    });
+    await persistInitialParticipants(options.db, options.suspensionId, participants);
+};
+
+const shiftMetaDate = (value: unknown, deltaMilliseconds: number): unknown => {
+    if (typeof value !== 'string' || !value.trim()) return value;
+    const parsed = new Date(value);
+    if (Number.isNaN(parsed.getTime())) return value;
+    return new Date(parsed.getTime() + deltaMilliseconds).toISOString();
+};
+
+const shiftedMeta = (value: GamePrisma.JsonValue, deltaMilliseconds: number): GamePrisma.InputJsonValue => {
+    const meta = value && typeof value === 'object' && !Array.isArray(value) ? { ...value } : {};
+    for (const key of ['lastTurnTime', 'turntime', 'starttime', 'tnmt_time'] as const) {
+        if (Object.hasOwn(meta, key)) {
+            Reflect.set(meta, key, shiftMetaDate(Reflect.get(meta, key), deltaMilliseconds));
+        }
+    }
+    return asJson(meta);
+};
+
+const assertShiftFits = (participants: readonly ParticipantSnapshot[], shiftTicks: number): void => {
+    if (!Number.isSafeInteger(shiftTicks) || shiftTicks < 0) {
+        throw new Error(`Invalid reconciliation shift: ${shiftTicks}`);
+    }
+    // Checksums retain stringified values for audit; actual row ranges are
+    // checked by PostgreSQL BIGINT and the world aligned tick is checked by the
+    // shared GameClock plan. The sentinel expiry is deliberately never shifted.
+    if (participants.some((participant) => !participant.checksum)) {
+        throw new Error('Participant snapshot is incomplete.');
+    }
+};
+
+const assertScheduleRanges = async (db: GamePrisma.TransactionClient, shiftTicks: number): Promise<void> => {
+    const shift = BigInt(shiftTicks);
+    const maximum = BigInt(MAX_SAFE_GAME_TICK) - shift;
+    const [general, reselection, auction, message, vote, pool, npcValid, npcMore] = await Promise.all([
+        db.general.aggregate({ _max: { turnTick: true }, where: { turnTick: { not: null } } }),
+        db.$queryRaw<Array<{ maxTick: bigint | null }>>(GamePrisma.sql`
+            SELECT MAX((meta->>'next_change_tick')::bigint) AS "maxTick"
+            FROM general
+            WHERE meta->>'next_change_tick' ~ '^-?[0-9]+$'
+        `),
+        db.auction.aggregate({
+            _max: { closeTick: true },
+            where: { status: { in: ['OPEN', 'FINALIZING'] }, closeTick: { not: null } },
+        }),
+        db.messageAction.aggregate({
+            _max: { expiresGameTick: true },
+            where: { status: 'PENDING', expiresGameTick: { not: null } },
+        }),
+        db.votePoll.aggregate({ _max: { endTick: true }, where: { closedAt: null, endTick: { not: null } } }),
+        db.selectPoolEntry.aggregate({
+            _max: { reservedUntilTick: true },
+            where: { generalId: null, reservedUntilTick: { not: null } },
+        }),
+        db.npcSelectionToken.aggregate({ _max: { validUntilTick: true }, where: { validUntilTick: { not: null } } }),
+        db.npcSelectionToken.aggregate({
+            _max: { pickMoreFromTick: true },
+            where: { pickMoreFromTick: { not: null } },
+        }),
+    ]);
+    const values: Array<[string, bigint | null]> = [
+        ['general.turn_tick', general._max.turnTick],
+        ['general.meta.next_change_tick', reselection[0]?.maxTick ?? null],
+        ['auction.close_tick', auction._max.closeTick],
+        ['message_action.expires_game_tick', message._max.expiresGameTick],
+        ['vote_poll.end_tick', vote._max.endTick],
+        ['select_pool.reserved_until_tick', pool._max.reservedUntilTick],
+        ['select_npc_token.valid_until_tick', npcValid._max.validUntilTick],
+        ['select_npc_token.pick_more_from_tick', npcMore._max.pickMoreFromTick],
+    ];
+    for (const [label, value] of values) {
+        if (value !== null && value > maximum) {
+            throw new Error(`${label} would exceed the safe game tick range after reconciliation.`);
+        }
+    }
+};
+
+const applyParticipantShift = async (
+    db: GamePrisma.TransactionClient,
+    worldStateId: number,
+    cutTick: bigint,
+    alignedTick: bigint,
+    targetRevision: bigint,
+    targetGeneration: bigint,
+    shiftTicks: bigint,
+    projectionDeltaMilliseconds: number,
+    resumeWallAt: Date
+): Promise<Map<string, number>> => {
+    const affected = new Map<string, number>();
+    const world = await db.worldState.findUniqueOrThrow({ where: { id: worldStateId }, select: { meta: true } });
+    const cursor = await db.worldState.updateMany({
+        where: { id: worldStateId, lastTurnTick: { not: null } },
+        data: { lastTurnTick: { increment: shiftTicks } },
+    });
+    affected.set('turn-cursor', cursor.count);
+    affected.set(
+        'general-next-turn',
+        await db.$executeRaw(GamePrisma.sql`
+            UPDATE general
+            SET turn_tick = turn_tick + ${shiftTicks},
+                turn_time = turn_time + ${projectionDeltaMilliseconds} * INTERVAL '1 millisecond'
+            WHERE turn_tick IS NOT NULL
+        `)
+    );
+    affected.set(
+        'selection-reselection-deadline',
+        await db.$executeRaw(GamePrisma.sql`
+            UPDATE general
+            SET meta = jsonb_set(
+                jsonb_set(
+                    jsonb_set(
+                        meta,
+                        '{next_change_tick}',
+                        to_jsonb((meta->>'next_change_tick')::bigint + ${shiftTicks}),
+                        true
+                    ),
+                    '{next_change}',
+                    to_jsonb(((meta->>'next_change')::timestamp
+                        + ${projectionDeltaMilliseconds} * INTERVAL '1 millisecond')::text),
+                    true
+                ),
+                '{nextChangeAt}',
+                to_jsonb(((meta->>'nextChangeAt')::timestamp
+                    + ${projectionDeltaMilliseconds} * INTERVAL '1 millisecond')::text),
+                true
+            )
+            WHERE meta->>'next_change_tick' ~ '^-?[0-9]+$'
+              AND (meta->>'next_change_tick')::bigint >= ${cutTick}
+        `)
+    );
+    affected.set(
+        'auction-deadline',
+        await db.$executeRaw(GamePrisma.sql`
+            UPDATE auction
+            SET close_tick = close_tick + ${shiftTicks},
+                close_at = close_at + ${projectionDeltaMilliseconds} * INTERVAL '1 millisecond'
+            WHERE status IN ('OPEN'::auction_status, 'FINALIZING'::auction_status)
+              AND close_tick IS NOT NULL
+        `)
+    );
+    affected.set(
+        'message-action-clock-coordinate',
+        (
+            await db.messageAction.updateMany({
+                where: { status: 'PENDING' },
+                data: {
+                    clockRevision: targetRevision,
+                    deadlineGeneration: targetGeneration,
+                },
+            })
+        ).count
+    );
+    affected.set(
+        'message-action-expiry',
+        await db.$executeRaw(GamePrisma.sql`
+            WITH shifted AS (
+                UPDATE message_action
+                SET expires_game_tick = expires_game_tick + ${shiftTicks},
+                    clock_revision = ${targetRevision},
+                    deadline_generation = ${targetGeneration},
+                    updated_at_wall = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'
+                WHERE status = 'PENDING'
+                  AND expires_game_tick IS NOT NULL
+                  AND expires_game_tick >= ${cutTick}
+                RETURNING message_id, expires_game_tick
+            )
+            UPDATE message AS envelope
+            SET valid_until_tick = shifted.expires_game_tick,
+                valid_until = envelope.valid_until
+                    + ${projectionDeltaMilliseconds} * INTERVAL '1 millisecond'
+            FROM shifted
+            WHERE envelope.id = shifted.message_id
+        `)
+    );
+    affected.set(
+        'vote-end-deadline',
+        await db.$executeRaw(GamePrisma.sql`
+            UPDATE vote_poll
+            SET end_tick = end_tick + ${shiftTicks},
+                end_at = end_at + ${projectionDeltaMilliseconds} * INTERVAL '1 millisecond'
+            WHERE closed_at IS NULL AND end_tick IS NOT NULL
+        `)
+    );
+    affected.set(
+        'select-pool-reservation',
+        await db.$executeRaw(GamePrisma.sql`
+            UPDATE select_pool
+            SET reserved_until_tick = reserved_until_tick + ${shiftTicks},
+                reserved_until = reserved_until + ${projectionDeltaMilliseconds} * INTERVAL '1 millisecond'
+            WHERE general_id IS NULL AND reserved_until_tick IS NOT NULL
+        `)
+    );
+    affected.set(
+        'npc-selection-window',
+        await db.$executeRaw(GamePrisma.sql`
+            UPDATE select_npc_token
+            SET valid_until_tick = CASE
+                    WHEN valid_until_tick IS NULL THEN NULL ELSE valid_until_tick + ${shiftTicks} END,
+                valid_until = CASE
+                    WHEN valid_until_tick IS NULL THEN valid_until
+                    ELSE valid_until + ${projectionDeltaMilliseconds} * INTERVAL '1 millisecond' END,
+                pick_more_from_tick = CASE
+                    WHEN pick_more_from_tick IS NULL THEN NULL ELSE pick_more_from_tick + ${shiftTicks} END,
+                pick_more_from = CASE
+                    WHEN pick_more_from_tick IS NULL THEN pick_more_from
+                    ELSE pick_more_from + ${projectionDeltaMilliseconds} * INTERVAL '1 millisecond' END
+            WHERE valid_until_tick IS NOT NULL OR pick_more_from_tick IS NOT NULL
+        `)
+    );
+    await db.worldState.update({
+        where: { id: worldStateId },
+        data: {
+            clockTick: alignedTick,
+            clockWallAnchor: resumeWallAt,
+            clockPhase: 'RECONCILING',
+            clockRevision: targetRevision,
+            deadlineGeneration: targetGeneration,
+            meta: shiftedMeta(world.meta, projectionDeltaMilliseconds),
+        },
+    });
+    affected.set('world-clock', 1);
+    affected.set('movable-json-rule-anchors', 1);
+    affected.set('auction-finalizing-recovery', 0);
+    return affected;
+};
+
+export const startClockSuspension = async (options: {
+    db: GamePrismaClient;
+    suspensionId: string;
+    source: ClockSuspensionSource;
+    authority: ClockOperationAuthority;
+    policy?: ClockAlignmentPolicy;
+    catchUpTicks?: number;
+}): Promise<ClockSuspensionResult> => {
+    if (!options.suspensionId.trim() || options.suspensionId.length > 64) {
+        throw new Error('Clock suspension ID must contain 1-64 characters.');
+    }
+    const policy = options.policy ?? 'EXACT';
+    const catchUpTicks = options.catchUpTicks ?? 0;
+    if (!Number.isSafeInteger(catchUpTicks) || catchUpTicks < 0) {
+        throw new Error('Clock suspension catch-up ticks must be a non-negative safe integer.');
+    }
+    return runSerializableClockOperation(() =>
+        options.db.$transaction(
+            async (db) => {
+                await verifyAuthority(db, options.authority);
+                await acquireGameSchemaAdvisoryXactLock(db, CLOCK_OPERATION_PERSISTENCE_LOCK);
+                await acquireGameSchemaAdvisoryXactLock(db, GENERAL_ACCESS_PERSISTENCE_LOCK);
+                const worldStateId = await lockWorld(db);
+                const existing = await db.clockSuspension.findUnique({ where: { id: options.suspensionId } });
+                if (existing) {
+                    if (
+                        existing.worldStateId !== worldStateId ||
+                        existing.source !== options.source ||
+                        existing.policy !== policy
+                    ) {
+                        throw new Error(
+                            `Clock suspension ID ${options.suspensionId} is already bound to another operation.`
+                        );
+                    }
+                    if (existing.status !== 'SUSPENDED') {
+                        throw new Error(
+                            `Clock suspension ${options.suspensionId} already advanced to ${existing.status}.`
+                        );
+                    }
+                    return {
+                        suspensionId: existing.id,
+                        phase: 'SUSPENDED' as const,
+                        sourceRevision: safeNumber(existing.sourceRevision, 'source revision'),
+                        targetRevision: safeNumber(existing.targetRevision, 'target revision'),
+                        cutTick: safeNumber(existing.cutTick, 'cut tick'),
+                        cutWallAt: existing.cutWallAt,
+                    };
+                }
+                const world = await db.worldState.findUniqueOrThrow({ where: { id: worldStateId } });
+                const phase = parseGameClockPhase(world.clockPhase);
+                if (phase !== 'RUNNING') {
+                    throw new Error(`Clock suspension can start only from RUNNING; current phase is ${phase}.`);
+                }
+                if (!world.clockBaseTime || world.clockTick === null || !world.clockWallAnchor) {
+                    throw new Error('Clock suspension requires a fully initialized logical game clock.');
+                }
+                const cutWallAt = await readDbWall(db);
+                const storedTick = safeNumber(world.clockTick, 'world clock tick');
+                const sourceRevision = safeNumber(world.clockRevision, 'world clock revision');
+                const clock = new GameClock({
+                    baseTime: world.clockBaseTime,
+                    tick: storedTick,
+                    mode: world.clockMode === 'manual' ? 'manual' : 'realtime',
+                    wallAnchor: world.clockWallAnchor,
+                    turnSeconds: world.tickSeconds,
+                    phase,
+                    revision: sourceRevision,
+                });
+                const cutTick = clock.nowTick(cutWallAt);
+                await lockParticipants(db, BigInt(cutTick));
+                await db.worldState.update({
+                    where: { id: worldStateId },
+                    data: { clockPhase: 'SUSPENDED', clockTick: BigInt(cutTick), clockWallAnchor: cutWallAt },
+                });
+                const participants = await readParticipantSnapshots(db, worldStateId, BigInt(cutTick));
+                await db.clockSuspension.create({
+                    data: {
+                        id: options.suspensionId,
+                        worldStateId,
+                        source: options.source,
+                        policy,
+                        status: 'SUSPENDED',
+                        sourceRevision: BigInt(sourceRevision),
+                        targetRevision: BigInt(sourceRevision + 1),
+                        cutTick: BigInt(cutTick),
+                        cutWallAt,
+                        rateTicksPerSecond: GAME_TICKS_PER_TURN / world.tickSeconds,
+                        catchUpTicks: BigInt(catchUpTicks),
+                        participantChecksumBefore: aggregateChecksum(participants),
+                        detail: asJson({
+                            authority: options.authority.kind,
+                            profileName: options.authority.profileName,
+                        }),
+                    },
+                });
+                await persistInitialParticipants(db, options.suspensionId, participants);
+                return {
+                    suspensionId: options.suspensionId,
+                    phase: 'SUSPENDED',
+                    sourceRevision,
+                    targetRevision: sourceRevision + 1,
+                    cutTick,
+                    cutWallAt,
+                };
+            },
+            { isolationLevel: 'Serializable', maxWait: 10_000, timeout: 30_000 }
+        )
+    );
+};
+
+/**
+ * Continues a suspension inside a transaction whose caller already verified
+ * daemon authority and acquired the clock/general-access lock prefix.
+ */
+export const reconcileClockSuspensionInTransaction = async (options: {
+    db: GamePrisma.TransactionClient;
+    suspensionId: string;
+    profileName: string;
+    allowUnificationWait?: boolean;
+    authority?: ClockOperationAuthority;
+    /** Deterministic fixture seam; production must always use PostgreSQL CURRENT_TIMESTAMP. */
+    testResumeWallAt?: Date;
+}): Promise<ClockReconciliationResult> => {
+    const db = options.db;
+    const worldStateId = await lockWorld(db);
+    const suspension = await db.clockSuspension.findUniqueOrThrow({ where: { id: options.suspensionId } });
+    if (suspension.worldStateId !== worldStateId) {
+        throw new Error('Clock suspension belongs to another world state.');
+    }
+    if (suspension.status === 'RECONCILING' || suspension.status === 'APPLIED') {
+        if (
+            suspension.gapTicks === null ||
+            suspension.shiftTicks === null ||
+            suspension.alignedTick === null ||
+            !suspension.resumeWallAt
+        ) {
+            throw new Error('Persisted clock reconciliation result is incomplete.');
+        }
+        const world = await db.worldState.findUniqueOrThrow({ where: { id: worldStateId } });
+        return {
+            suspensionId: suspension.id,
+            phase: 'RECONCILING' as const,
+            sourceRevision: safeNumber(suspension.sourceRevision, 'source revision'),
+            targetRevision: safeNumber(suspension.targetRevision, 'target revision'),
+            deadlineGeneration: safeNumber(world.deadlineGeneration, 'deadline generation'),
+            gapTicks: safeNumber(suspension.gapTicks, 'gap ticks'),
+            catchUpTicks: safeNumber(suspension.catchUpTicks, 'catch-up ticks'),
+            shiftTicks: safeNumber(suspension.shiftTicks, 'shift ticks'),
+            alignedTick: safeNumber(suspension.alignedTick, 'aligned tick'),
+            resumeWallAt: suspension.resumeWallAt,
+        };
+    }
+    if (suspension.status !== 'SUSPENDED') {
+        throw new Error(`Clock suspension cannot reconcile from status ${suspension.status}.`);
+    }
+    const world = await db.worldState.findUniqueOrThrow({ where: { id: worldStateId } });
+    const phase = parseGameClockPhase(world.clockPhase);
+    if (phase !== 'SUSPENDED' || world.clockRevision !== suspension.sourceRevision) {
+        throw new Error('Clock reconciliation phase or source revision fence failed.');
+    }
+    const worldMeta =
+        world.meta && typeof world.meta === 'object' && !Array.isArray(world.meta)
+            ? (world.meta as Record<string, unknown>)
+            : {};
+    const united = Number(worldMeta.isunited ?? worldMeta.isUnited ?? 0);
+    if (suspension.source === 'UNIFICATION_WAIT' || united >= 2) {
+        if (!options.allowUnificationWait || options.authority?.kind !== 'DAEMON') {
+            throw new Error('Unification wait requires the daemon-authorized atomic alignment-and-invader workflow.');
+        }
+        await verifyAuthority(db, options.authority);
+    }
+    const cutTick = safeNumber(suspension.cutTick, 'cut tick');
+    await lockParticipants(db, suspension.cutTick);
+    if (options.testResumeWallAt && process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'test') {
+        throw new Error('A clock reconciliation wall override is allowed only in tests.');
+    }
+    const resumeWallAt = options.testResumeWallAt ? new Date(options.testResumeWallAt.getTime()) : await readDbWall(db);
+    const plan = buildClockAlignmentPlan({
+        policy: parseClockAlignmentPolicy(suspension.policy),
+        sourceRevision: safeNumber(suspension.sourceRevision, 'source revision'),
+        cutTick,
+        cutWall: suspension.cutWallAt,
+        resumeWall: resumeWallAt,
+        ticksPerSecond: suspension.rateTicksPerSecond,
+        catchUpTicks: safeNumber(suspension.catchUpTicks, 'catch-up ticks'),
+    });
+    const before = await readParticipantSnapshots(db, worldStateId, suspension.cutTick);
+    assertShiftFits(before, plan.shiftTicks);
+    await assertScheduleRanges(db, plan.shiftTicks);
+    const projectionDeltaMilliseconds = Math.trunc((plan.shiftTicks * 1_000) / suspension.rateTicksPerSecond);
+    if (!Number.isSafeInteger(projectionDeltaMilliseconds)) {
+        throw new Error('Clock reconciliation projection delta is outside the safe integer range.');
+    }
+    const targetGeneration = world.deadlineGeneration + 1n;
+    const affected = await applyParticipantShift(
+        db,
+        worldStateId,
+        suspension.cutTick,
+        BigInt(plan.alignedTick),
+        BigInt(plan.targetRevision),
+        targetGeneration,
+        BigInt(plan.shiftTicks),
+        projectionDeltaMilliseconds,
+        resumeWallAt
+    );
+    const after = await readParticipantSnapshots(db, worldStateId, suspension.cutTick);
+    const afterByKey = new Map(after.map((participant) => [participant.key, participant]));
+    for (const participant of before) {
+        const next = afterByKey.get(participant.key);
+        if (!next) throw new Error(`Missing post-reconciliation participant: ${participant.key}`);
+        if (participant.policy === 'KEEP' && participant.checksum !== next.checksum) {
+            throw new Error(`KEEP participant changed during reconciliation: ${participant.key}`);
+        }
+        await db.clockReconciliationParticipant.upsert({
+            where: {
+                suspensionId_participantKey: {
+                    suspensionId: suspension.id,
+                    participantKey: participant.key,
+                },
+            },
+            create: {
+                suspensionId: suspension.id,
+                participantKey: participant.key,
+                policy: participant.policy,
+                beforeChecksum: participant.checksum,
+                afterChecksum: next.checksum,
+                affectedCount: affected.get(participant.key) ?? 0,
+            },
+            update: {
+                policy: participant.policy,
+                beforeChecksum: participant.checksum,
+                afterChecksum: next.checksum,
+                affectedCount: affected.get(participant.key) ?? 0,
+            },
+        });
+    }
+    const outboxPayload = {
+        version: 1,
+        profileName: options.profileName,
+        suspensionId: suspension.id,
+        sourceRevision: plan.sourceRevision,
+        targetRevision: plan.targetRevision,
+        deadlineGeneration: safeNumber(targetGeneration, 'deadline generation'),
+        shiftTicks: plan.shiftTicks,
+        projectionDeltaMilliseconds,
+        clockBaseTime: world.clockBaseTime!.toISOString(),
+        ticksPerSecond: suspension.rateTicksPerSecond,
+    };
+    await db.clockProjectionOutbox.create({
+        data: {
+            worldStateId,
+            suspensionId: suspension.id,
+            targetRevision: BigInt(plan.targetRevision),
+            status: 'PENDING',
+            payload: asJson(outboxPayload),
+            checksum: checksum(outboxPayload),
+        },
+    });
+    await db.clockSuspension.update({
+        where: { id: suspension.id },
+        data: {
+            status: 'RECONCILING',
+            resumeWallAt,
+            gapTicks: BigInt(plan.gapTicks),
+            shiftTicks: BigInt(plan.shiftTicks),
+            alignedTick: BigInt(plan.alignedTick),
+            participantChecksumBefore: aggregateChecksum(before),
+            participantChecksumAfter: aggregateChecksum(after),
+        },
+    });
+    return {
+        suspensionId: suspension.id,
+        phase: 'RECONCILING',
+        sourceRevision: plan.sourceRevision,
+        targetRevision: plan.targetRevision,
+        deadlineGeneration: safeNumber(targetGeneration, 'deadline generation'),
+        gapTicks: plan.gapTicks,
+        catchUpTicks: plan.catchUpTicks,
+        shiftTicks: plan.shiftTicks,
+        alignedTick: plan.alignedTick,
+        resumeWallAt,
+    };
+};
+
+/** Finalizes an atomic unification workflow after an optional rate change. */
+export const refreshClockProjectionForFinalClockUnderHeldLocks = async (options: {
+    db: GamePrisma.TransactionClient;
+    suspensionId: string;
+    clockBaseTime: Date;
+    tickSeconds: number;
+}): Promise<void> => {
+    if (GAME_TICKS_PER_TURN % options.tickSeconds !== 0) {
+        throw new Error(`Final clock rate cannot represent an integer tick: ${options.tickSeconds}.`);
+    }
+    const outbox = await options.db.clockProjectionOutbox.findFirstOrThrow({
+        where: { suspensionId: options.suspensionId, status: 'PENDING' },
+        orderBy: { id: 'asc' },
+    });
+    const payload =
+        outbox.payload && typeof outbox.payload === 'object' && !Array.isArray(outbox.payload)
+            ? { ...(outbox.payload as Record<string, unknown>) }
+            : null;
+    if (!payload || payload.suspensionId !== options.suspensionId) {
+        throw new Error('Unification clock projection outbox payload is invalid.');
+    }
+    payload.clockBaseTime = options.clockBaseTime.toISOString();
+    payload.ticksPerSecond = GAME_TICKS_PER_TURN / options.tickSeconds;
+    await options.db.clockProjectionOutbox.update({
+        where: { id: outbox.id },
+        data: { payload: asJson(payload), checksum: checksum(payload) },
+    });
+};
+
+export const reconcileClockSuspension = async (options: {
+    db: GamePrismaClient;
+    suspensionId: string;
+    authority: ClockOperationAuthority;
+    /** Deterministic fixture seam; production must always use PostgreSQL CURRENT_TIMESTAMP. */
+    testResumeWallAt?: Date;
+}): Promise<ClockReconciliationResult> =>
+    runSerializableClockOperation(() =>
+        options.db.$transaction(
+            async (db) => {
+                await verifyAuthority(db, options.authority);
+                await acquireGameSchemaAdvisoryXactLock(db, CLOCK_OPERATION_PERSISTENCE_LOCK);
+                await acquireGameSchemaAdvisoryXactLock(db, GENERAL_ACCESS_PERSISTENCE_LOCK);
+                return reconcileClockSuspensionInTransaction({
+                    db,
+                    suspensionId: options.suspensionId,
+                    profileName: options.authority.profileName,
+                    authority: options.authority,
+                    ...(options.testResumeWallAt ? { testResumeWallAt: options.testResumeWallAt } : {}),
+                });
+            },
+            { isolationLevel: 'Serializable', maxWait: 10_000, timeout: 30_000 }
+        )
+    );

app/game-engine/src/turn/commandRegistry.ts

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ const zAuctionFinalize = z.object({
     type: z.literal('auctionFinalize'),
     auctionId: zFiniteNumber,
     expectedCloseAt: z.string().refine(isCanonicalIsoTimestamp).optional(),
-    expectedCloseTick: zSafeInteger.optional(),
+    expectedCloseTick: zSafeInteger,
 });
 
 const zAuctionOpen = z.object({
@@ -60,7 +60,6 @@ const zAuctionBid = z.object({
     auctionId: zFiniteNumber,
     generalId: zFiniteNumber,
     amount: zFiniteNumber,
-    acceptedGameTick: zSafeInteger.optional(),
     tryExtendCloseDate: z.boolean().optional(),
 });
 
@@ -132,6 +131,15 @@ const zMessageRespond = z.object({
     response: z.boolean(),
 });
 
+const zSyncDiplomaticResponse = z.object({
+    type: z.literal('syncDiplomaticResponse'),
+    userId: z.string().min(1),
+    generalId: z.number().int().positive(),
+    messageId: z.number().int().positive(),
+    nationIds: z.array(z.number().int().positive()).max(4),
+    cityIds: z.array(z.number().int().positive()).max(256),
+});
+
 const zVacation = z.object({
     type: z.literal('vacation'),
     userId: z.string().min(1),
@@ -142,12 +150,11 @@ const zSetMySetting = z.object({
     type: z.literal('setMySetting'),
     userId: z.string().min(1),
     generalId: zFiniteNumber,
-    settings: z.object({
+    settings: z.strictObject({
         tnmt: z.number().int().optional(),
         defence_train: z.number().int().optional(),
         use_treatment: z.number().int().optional(),
         use_auto_nation_turn: z.number().int().optional(),
-        use_auto_nation_diplomacy: z.number().int().optional(),
         use_auto_nation_war: z.number().int().optional(),
         use_auto_nation_promotion: z.number().int().optional(),
         use_auto_nation_finance: z.number().int().optional(),
@@ -428,7 +435,7 @@ const zSelectPoolReserve = z
         requestId: z.string().optional(),
         userId: z.string().min(1),
         seedOwnerIdentity: z.union([z.string().min(1), zFiniteNumber]),
-        acceptedGameAt: z.string().refine(isCanonicalIsoTimestamp),
+        acceptedGameAt: z.string().refine(isCanonicalIsoTimestamp).optional(),
         acceptedGameTick: zFiniteNumber.int().min(Number.MIN_SAFE_INTEGER).max(Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER).optional(),
     })
     .strict();
@@ -611,6 +618,14 @@ const normalizeMessageRespond: CommandNormalizer<'messageRespond'> = (envelope)
     return { ...command, requestId: envelope.requestId };
 };
 
+const normalizeSyncDiplomaticResponse: CommandNormalizer<'syncDiplomaticResponse'> = (envelope) => {
+    const command = parseWith(zSyncDiplomaticResponse, envelope.command);
+    if (!command) {
+        return null;
+    }
+    return { ...command, requestId: envelope.requestId };
+};
+
 const normalizeVacation: CommandNormalizer<'vacation'> = (envelope) => {
     const command = parseWith(zVacation, envelope.command);
     if (!command) {
@@ -861,6 +876,7 @@ const normalizers: CommandNormalizerMap = {
     buildNationCandidate: normalizeBuildNationCandidate,
     instantRetreat: normalizeInstantRetreat,
     messageRespond: normalizeMessageRespond,
+    syncDiplomaticResponse: normalizeSyncDiplomaticResponse,
     vacation: normalizeVacation,
     setMySetting: normalizeSetMySetting,
     dropItem: normalizeDropItem,

app/game-engine/src/turn/databaseHooks.ts

@@ -1,10 +1,13 @@
 import {
     acquireGameSchemaAdvisoryXactLock,
+    CLOCK_OPERATION_PERSISTENCE_LOCK,
     createGamePostgresConnector,
+    GENERAL_ACCESS_PERSISTENCE_LOCK,
     GamePrisma,
     writeReadModelChangeJournal,
     enqueuePrivateMessageWebPush,
     enqueueWebPushOutboxEvents,
+    persistMessageEnvelope,
     type InputJsonValue,
     type ReadModelJournalWriteResult,
     type TurnEngineCityUpdateInput,
@@ -54,12 +57,22 @@ import { persistUnificationFinalization } from './unificationPersistence.js';
 import { buildOldNationArchiveData } from './oldNationArchive.js';
 import { persistYearbookSnapshot } from './yearbookPersistence.js';
 import { buildTurnWebPushEvents, captureWebPushTurnBaseline } from './webPushEvents.js';
+import {
+    persistClockSuspensionLedgerUnderHeldLocks,
+    prepareClockSuspensionUnderHeldLocks,
+    readClockDatabaseWall,
+    refreshClockProjectionForFinalClockUnderHeldLocks,
+} from './clockReconciliation.js';
+import { applyNextClockProjection, type ClockProjectionRedis } from './clockProjectionOutbox.js';
+import { synchronizeRuntimeClockAuthorityUnderHeldLock } from './runtimeClockAuthoritySync.js';
 
 export interface DatabaseTurnHooks {
     hooks: TurnDaemonHooks;
     takeCommittedReadModelChanges(): RealtimeReadModelChanges | null;
     takeCommittedReadModelChangeReceipt(): CommittedReadModelChangeReceipt | null;
     close(): Promise<void>;
+    applyClockProjection(redis: ClockProjectionRedis, workerId: string): Promise<boolean>;
+    synchronizeClockAuthority(): Promise<boolean>;
 }
 
 export interface CommittedReadModelChangeReceipt {
@@ -121,6 +134,10 @@ const CLOCK_ONLY_WORLD_META_KEYS = new Set([
     'clock_base_time',
     'clockMode',
     'clock_mode',
+    'clockPhase',
+    'clock_phase',
+    'clockRevision',
+    'clock_revision',
     'clockTick',
     'clock_tick',
     'clockWallAnchor',
@@ -134,6 +151,8 @@ const CLOCK_ONLY_WORLD_META_KEYS = new Set([
     'last_turn_tick',
     'lastTurnTime',
     'last_turn_time',
+    'deadlineGeneration',
+    'deadline_generation',
     'lease',
     'leaseOwner',
     'lease_owner',
@@ -1121,9 +1140,19 @@ export const createDatabaseTurnHooks = async (
             clockMode: state.clockMode ?? 'manual',
             clockWallAnchor: state.clockWallAnchor ?? state.lastTurnTime,
             lastTurnTick: BigInt(state.lastTurnTick ?? world.dateToGameTick(state.lastTurnTime)),
+            clockPhase: state.clockPhase ?? (state.clockMode === 'realtime' ? 'RUNNING' : 'MANUAL'),
+            clockRevision: BigInt(state.clockRevision ?? 1),
+            deadlineGeneration: BigInt(state.deadlineGeneration ?? 1),
             config: asJson(world.getWorldConfig()),
             meta: asJson(state.meta),
         };
+        const writesGeneralAccess =
+            accessScoreResetGeneralIds.length > 0 ||
+            lifecycleEvents.length > 0 ||
+            deletedGenerals.length > 0 ||
+            generals.some(
+                (general) => typeof general.refreshScoreTotal === 'number' && Number.isFinite(general.refreshScoreTotal)
+            );
         const persist = async (
             prisma: GamePrisma.TransactionClient
         ): Promise<{
@@ -1156,6 +1185,129 @@ export const createDatabaseTurnHooks = async (
             // world mutation. A stale daemon can finish calculating, but it can
             // never commit after another owner has advanced the epoch.
             await options?.turnDaemonLease?.assertActive(prisma);
+            await acquireGameSchemaAdvisoryXactLock(prisma, CLOCK_OPERATION_PERSISTENCE_LOCK);
+            if (writesGeneralAccess) {
+                // General-access API writers take this lock before touching
+                // world rows. Clock operations use the same global order.
+                await acquireGameSchemaAdvisoryXactLock(prisma, GENERAL_ACCESS_PERSISTENCE_LOCK);
+            }
+            const persistedClock = await prisma.$queryRaw<
+                Array<{
+                    clock_phase: string;
+                    clock_revision: bigint;
+                    deadline_generation: bigint;
+                    clock_initialized: boolean;
+                    opening_reached: boolean;
+                }>
+            >(GamePrisma.sql`
+                SELECT clock_phase,
+                       clock_revision,
+                       deadline_generation,
+                       clock_base_time IS NOT NULL
+                           AND clock_tick IS NOT NULL
+                           AND clock_wall_anchor IS NOT NULL
+                           AND last_turn_tick IS NOT NULL AS clock_initialized,
+                       clock_wall_anchor <= CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AS opening_reached
+                FROM world_state
+                WHERE id = ${state.id}
+                FOR UPDATE
+            `);
+            const durableClock = persistedClock[0];
+            if (!durableClock) {
+                throw new Error(`world_state ${state.id} is missing during a fenced turn flush.`);
+            }
+            const expectedPhase = state.clockPhase ?? (state.clockMode === 'realtime' ? 'RUNNING' : 'MANUAL');
+            const expectedRevision = BigInt(state.clockRevision ?? 1);
+            const expectedGeneration = BigInt(state.deadlineGeneration ?? 1);
+            // Match worldLoader's dual-read boundary: a legacy row is not an
+            // authoritative RUNNING clock merely because the newly-added phase
+            // column has its database default. Its first fenced flush installs
+            // the complete MANUAL snapshot atomically.
+            const durablePhase = durableClock.clock_initialized ? durableClock.clock_phase : 'MANUAL';
+            const stateMeta = asRecord(state.meta);
+            const unificationSuspensionId =
+                typeof stateMeta.unificationClockSuspensionId === 'string'
+                    ? stateMeta.unificationClockSuspensionId
+                    : null;
+            const openingPhaseTransition =
+                durableClock.clock_initialized &&
+                durablePhase === 'PREOPEN' &&
+                expectedPhase === 'RUNNING' &&
+                durableClock.opening_reached;
+            const unificationSuspensionTransition =
+                durableClock.clock_initialized &&
+                durablePhase === 'RUNNING' &&
+                expectedPhase === 'SUSPENDED' &&
+                Number(stateMeta.isunited ?? stateMeta.isUnited ?? 0) === 2 &&
+                Boolean(unificationSuspensionId);
+            const completionPhaseTransition =
+                durableClock.clock_initialized &&
+                durablePhase === 'RUNNING' &&
+                expectedPhase === 'COMPLETED' &&
+                Number(stateMeta.isunited ?? stateMeta.isUnited ?? 0) >= 2;
+            if (
+                (!openingPhaseTransition &&
+                    !unificationSuspensionTransition &&
+                    !completionPhaseTransition &&
+                    durablePhase !== expectedPhase) ||
+                durableClock.clock_revision !== expectedRevision ||
+                durableClock.deadline_generation !== expectedGeneration
+            ) {
+                throw new Error(
+                    `Game clock fence changed before flush: expected ${expectedPhase}@${expectedRevision}/${expectedGeneration}, ` +
+                        `found ${durablePhase}@${durableClock.clock_revision}/${durableClock.deadline_generation}.`
+                );
+            }
+            const unificationCutWallAt = unificationSuspensionTransition ? await readClockDatabaseWall(prisma) : null;
+            const unificationCutTick = unificationCutWallAt
+                ? world.dateToGameTick(world.getGameNow(unificationCutWallAt))
+                : null;
+            const suspensionPreparation =
+                unificationCutTick !== null
+                    ? await prepareClockSuspensionUnderHeldLocks({
+                          db: prisma,
+                          cutTick: unificationCutTick,
+                          cutWallAt: unificationCutWallAt!,
+                      })
+                    : null;
+            if (commandCompletion) {
+                const commandFence = await prisma.$queryRaw<
+                    Array<{
+                        status: string;
+                        processing_clock_revision: bigint | null;
+                        processing_deadline_generation: bigint | null;
+                    }>
+                >(GamePrisma.sql`
+                    SELECT status,
+                           processing_clock_revision,
+                           processing_deadline_generation
+                    FROM input_event
+                    WHERE request_id = ${commandCompletion.requestId}
+                      AND target = 'ENGINE'::"InputEventTarget"
+                    FOR UPDATE
+                `);
+                const event = commandFence[0];
+                const unificationRevisionTransition =
+                    commandCompletion.result.type === 'messageRespond' &&
+                    commandCompletion.result.ok &&
+                    commandCompletion.result.action === 'raiseInvader' &&
+                    expectedPhase === 'RECONCILING' &&
+                    event?.processing_clock_revision !== null &&
+                    event?.processing_deadline_generation !== null &&
+                    event?.processing_clock_revision + 1n === expectedRevision &&
+                    event?.processing_deadline_generation + 1n === expectedGeneration;
+                if (
+                    !event ||
+                    event.status !== 'PROCESSING' ||
+                    (!unificationRevisionTransition &&
+                        (event.processing_clock_revision !== expectedRevision ||
+                            event.processing_deadline_generation !== expectedGeneration))
+                ) {
+                    throw new Error(
+                        `Input event processing clock fence changed before commit: ${commandCompletion.requestId}.`
+                    );
+                }
+            }
             let neutralAuctionsToCreate = pendingNeutralAuctions;
             if (pendingNeutralAuctions.length > 0) {
                 const latestRegistrationKey =
@@ -1260,6 +1412,35 @@ export const createDatabaseTurnHooks = async (
                         END
                     WHERE start_tick IS NOT NULL OR end_tick IS NOT NULL
                 `);
+                await prisma.$executeRaw(GamePrisma.sql`
+                    UPDATE select_pool
+                    SET reserved_until = CASE
+                            WHEN reserved_until_tick IS NULL THEN reserved_until
+                            ELSE CAST(${baseTime} AS timestamp)
+                                + (reserved_until_tick / ${ticksPerSecond}) * INTERVAL '1 second'
+                                + (((reserved_until_tick % ${ticksPerSecond}) * 1000) / ${ticksPerSecond})
+                                    * INTERVAL '1 millisecond'
+                        END
+                    WHERE reserved_until_tick IS NOT NULL
+                `);
+                await prisma.$executeRaw(GamePrisma.sql`
+                    UPDATE select_npc_token
+                    SET valid_until = CASE
+                            WHEN valid_until_tick IS NULL THEN valid_until
+                            ELSE CAST(${baseTime} AS timestamp)
+                                + (valid_until_tick / ${ticksPerSecond}) * INTERVAL '1 second'
+                                + (((valid_until_tick % ${ticksPerSecond}) * 1000) / ${ticksPerSecond})
+                                    * INTERVAL '1 millisecond'
+                        END,
+                        pick_more_from = CASE
+                            WHEN pick_more_from_tick IS NULL THEN pick_more_from
+                            ELSE CAST(${baseTime} AS timestamp)
+                                + (pick_more_from_tick / ${ticksPerSecond}) * INTERVAL '1 second'
+                                + (((pick_more_from_tick % ${ticksPerSecond}) * 1000) / ${ticksPerSecond})
+                                    * INTERVAL '1 millisecond'
+                        END
+                    WHERE valid_until_tick IS NOT NULL OR pick_more_from_tick IS NOT NULL
+                `);
             }
 
             for (const betting of pendingNationBettingOpens) {
@@ -1684,37 +1865,18 @@ export const createDatabaseTurnHooks = async (
                 await sendMessage(
                     {
                         insertMessage: async (draft: MessageRecordDraft) => {
-                            const toTickOrNull = (date: Date): bigint | null => {
-                                try {
-                                    return BigInt(world.dateToGameTick(date));
-                                } catch {
-                                    // Legacy messages may use year 9999 as an
-                                    // effectively-unbounded expiry, beyond the
-                                    // safe JavaScript tick range.
-                                    return null;
-                                }
-                            };
-                            const rows = await prisma.$queryRaw<Array<{ id: number }>>`
-                                INSERT INTO message (
-                                    mailbox, type, src, dest, time, time_tick, valid_until, valid_until_tick, message
-                                )
-                                VALUES (
-                                    ${draft.mailbox},
-                                    ${draft.msgType},
-                                    ${draft.srcId},
-                                    ${draft.destId},
-                                    ${draft.time},
-                                    ${toTickOrNull(draft.time)},
-                                    ${draft.validUntil},
-                                    ${toTickOrNull(draft.validUntil)},
-                                    CAST(${JSON.stringify(draft.payload)} AS jsonb)
-                                )
-                                RETURNING id
-                            `;
-                            const id = rows[0]?.id;
-                            if (!id) {
-                                throw new Error('Failed to persist turn message.');
-                            }
+                            const clock = world.getGameClockState();
+                            const action = draft.payload.option && Reflect.get(draft.payload.option, 'action');
+                            const expiresGameTick =
+                                typeof action !== 'string' || draft.validUntil.getUTCFullYear() >= 9000
+                                    ? null
+                                    : BigInt(world.dateToGameTick(draft.validUntil));
+                            const id = await persistMessageEnvelope(prisma, draft, {
+                                occurredGameTick: BigInt(world.dateToGameTick(draft.time)),
+                                clockRevision: BigInt(clock.revision),
+                                deadlineGeneration: BigInt(clock.deadlineGeneration),
+                                expiresGameTick,
+                            });
                             await enqueuePrivateMessageWebPush(prisma, draft, id);
                             persistedMessageMailboxes.push(draft.mailbox);
                             return id;
@@ -1727,6 +1889,41 @@ export const createDatabaseTurnHooks = async (
             if (options?.reservedTurns && persistedReservedTurnChanges) {
                 await options.reservedTurns.persistChanges(prisma, persistedReservedTurnChanges);
             }
+            if (suspensionPreparation && unificationSuspensionId) {
+                const cutTick = unificationCutTick!;
+                await prisma.worldState.update({
+                    where: { id: state.id },
+                    data: {
+                        clockTick: BigInt(cutTick),
+                        clockWallAnchor: suspensionPreparation.cutWallAt,
+                    },
+                });
+                await persistClockSuspensionLedgerUnderHeldLocks({
+                    db: prisma,
+                    suspensionId: unificationSuspensionId,
+                    worldStateId: state.id,
+                    profileName: options?.profileName ?? 'default',
+                    source: 'UNIFICATION_WAIT',
+                    cutTick,
+                    cutWallAt: suspensionPreparation.cutWallAt,
+                    rateTicksPerSecond: GAME_TICKS_PER_TURN / state.tickSeconds,
+                    sourceRevision: state.clockRevision ?? 1,
+                });
+            }
+            if (
+                commandCompletion?.result.type === 'messageRespond' &&
+                commandCompletion.result.ok &&
+                commandCompletion.result.action === 'raiseInvader' &&
+                unificationSuspensionId &&
+                state.clockPhase === 'RECONCILING'
+            ) {
+                await refreshClockProjectionForFinalClockUnderHeldLocks({
+                    db: prisma,
+                    suspensionId: unificationSuspensionId,
+                    clockBaseTime: state.clockBaseTime ?? state.lastTurnTime,
+                    tickSeconds: state.tickSeconds,
+                });
+            }
             if (commandCompletion) {
                 await prisma.inputEvent.update({
                     where: { requestId: commandCompletion.requestId },
@@ -1812,6 +2009,11 @@ export const createDatabaseTurnHooks = async (
         },
         executeCommand: async (requestId, execute) => {
             const committed = await prisma.$transaction(async (transaction) => {
+                await options?.turnDaemonLease?.assertActive(transaction);
+                await acquireGameSchemaAdvisoryXactLock(transaction, CLOCK_OPERATION_PERSISTENCE_LOCK);
+                await acquireGameSchemaAdvisoryXactLock(transaction, GENERAL_ACCESS_PERSISTENCE_LOCK);
+                await synchronizeRuntimeClockAuthorityUnderHeldLock(transaction, world);
+                const leaseToken = options?.turnDaemonLease?.getToken();
                 const directLogFloor =
                     (
                         await transaction.logEntry.findFirst({
@@ -1819,7 +2021,19 @@ export const createDatabaseTurnHooks = async (
                             select: { id: true },
                         })
                     )?.id ?? 0;
-                const result = await execute({ db: transaction });
+                const result = await execute({
+                    db: transaction,
+                    ...(leaseToken
+                        ? {
+                              clockOperationAuthority: {
+                                  kind: 'DAEMON' as const,
+                                  profileName: leaseToken.profile,
+                                  ownerId: leaseToken.ownerId,
+                                  fencingEpoch: leaseToken.fencingEpoch,
+                              },
+                          }
+                        : {}),
+                });
                 const persisted = await persistChanges(transaction, { requestId, result }, directLogFloor);
                 return { result, persisted };
             }, transactionOptions);
@@ -1835,6 +2049,20 @@ export const createDatabaseTurnHooks = async (
             return takeCommittedReceipt()?.changes ?? null;
         },
         takeCommittedReadModelChangeReceipt: takeCommittedReceipt,
+        applyClockProjection: async (redis, workerId) => {
+            await applyNextClockProjection({ db: prisma, redis, workerId });
+            const clock = await prisma.worldState.findFirst({
+                orderBy: { id: 'asc' },
+                select: { clockPhase: true },
+            });
+            return clock?.clockPhase === 'RUNNING' || clock?.clockPhase === 'MANUAL';
+        },
+        synchronizeClockAuthority: () =>
+            prisma.$transaction(async (transaction) => {
+                await options?.turnDaemonLease?.assertActive(transaction);
+                await acquireGameSchemaAdvisoryXactLock(transaction, CLOCK_OPERATION_PERSISTENCE_LOCK);
+                return synchronizeRuntimeClockAuthorityUnderHeldLock(transaction, world);
+            }, transactionOptions),
         close: () => connector.disconnect(),
     };
 };

app/game-engine/src/turn/gatewayAdminActions.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { createGatewayPostgresConnector } from '@sammo-ts/infra';
+import { createGatewayPostgresConnector, GatewayPrisma } from '@sammo-ts/infra';
 import { isRecord } from '@sammo-ts/common';
 
 export type GatewayAdminActionStatus = 'REQUESTED' | 'PARTIAL' | 'APPLIED' | 'FAILED' | 'IGNORED';
@@ -119,23 +119,28 @@ export const createGatewayAdminActionConsumer = async (
                 continue;
             }
             const terminal = result.status !== 'PARTIAL';
-            const updated = await prisma.gatewayRuntimeAction.updateMany({
-                where: {
-                    id: action.id,
-                    status: { in: ['REQUESTED', 'PARTIAL'] },
-                },
-                data: {
-                    status: result.status,
-                    detail: result.detail ?? null,
-                    handler: 'turn-daemon',
-                    handledAt: terminal ? new Date() : null,
-                    attempts: { increment: 1 },
-                    nextAttemptAt: terminal
-                        ? null
-                        : new Date(Date.now() + Math.min(60_000, 1_000 * 2 ** Math.min(action.attempts, 6))),
-                },
-            });
-            if (terminal && updated.count > 0) {
+            const retryDelayMs = Math.min(60_000, 1_000 * 2 ** Math.min(action.attempts, 6));
+            const updated = await prisma.$queryRaw<Array<{ id: string }>>(GatewayPrisma.sql`
+                UPDATE gateway_runtime_action
+                SET status = ${result.status}::"GatewayRuntimeActionStatus",
+                    detail = ${result.detail ?? null},
+                    handler = 'turn-daemon',
+                    handled_at = CASE
+                        WHEN ${terminal} THEN CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'
+                        ELSE NULL
+                    END,
+                    attempts = attempts + 1,
+                    next_attempt_at = CASE
+                        WHEN ${terminal} THEN NULL
+                        ELSE (CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC')
+                            + ${retryDelayMs} * INTERVAL '1 millisecond'
+                    END,
+                    updated_at = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'
+                WHERE id = ${action.id}
+                  AND status IN ('REQUESTED'::"GatewayRuntimeActionStatus", 'PARTIAL'::"GatewayRuntimeActionStatus")
+                RETURNING id
+            `);
+            if (terminal && updated.length > 0) {
                 await options.onActionApplied?.(actionRecord, result);
             }
         }

app/game-engine/src/turn/gatewayProfileGate.ts

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+import { performance } from 'node:perf_hooks';
+
 import { gatewayProfileCapabilities, type GatewayProfileStatus } from '@sammo-ts/common';
 import { createGatewayPostgresConnector } from '@sammo-ts/infra';
 
@@ -15,6 +17,7 @@ export interface GatewayProfileGate {
 }
 
 const DEFAULT_CACHE_MS = 2000;
+const PROFILE_STATUSES_MARKABLE_AS_PAUSED = ['PREOPEN', 'RUNNING', 'PAUSED'] as const;
 
 export const createGatewayProfileGate = async (options: GatewayProfileGateOptions): Promise<GatewayProfileGate> => {
     const connector = createGatewayPostgresConnector({
@@ -42,7 +45,7 @@ export const createGatewayProfileGate = async (options: GatewayProfileGateOption
     return {
         // 게이트웨이 프로필 상태를 읽어 턴 실행을 멈춰야 하는지 판단한다.
         async shouldPause(): Promise<boolean> {
-            const now = Date.now();
+            const now = performance.now();
             if (now - lastCheckedAt < (options.cacheMs ?? DEFAULT_CACHE_MS)) {
                 return cachedPause;
             }
@@ -53,8 +56,11 @@ export const createGatewayProfileGate = async (options: GatewayProfileGateOption
         async markPaused(error?: unknown): Promise<void> {
             const message = error instanceof Error ? error.message : error ? String(error) : null;
             try {
-                await prisma.gatewayProfile.update({
-                    where: { profileName: options.profileName },
+                await prisma.gatewayProfile.updateMany({
+                    where: {
+                        profileName: options.profileName,
+                        status: { in: [...PROFILE_STATUSES_MARKABLE_AS_PAUSED] },
+                    },
                     data: {
                         status: 'PAUSED',
                         lastError: message,