fix: 실행 중인 릴리스 빌드를 안전하게 중단

Gateway와 프로필 DEPLOY의 빌드 단계만 취소하고 lease와 phase 전환을 직렬화한다. 관리자 화면에 중단·재시도 절차와 회귀 검증을 추가한다.

app/gateway-api/src/adminRouter.ts

@@ -1453,7 +1453,7 @@ export const adminRouter = router({
             if (!cancelled) {
                 throw new TRPCError({
                     code: 'CONFLICT',
-                    message: 'Only queued operations can be cancelled.',
+                    message: 'Only queued operations or a DEPLOY that is still building can be cancelled.',
                 });
             }
             return { ok: true };
@@ -1626,7 +1626,10 @@ export const adminRouter = router({
             }),
         cancel: releaseAdminProcedure.input(z.object({ id: z.string().uuid() })).mutation(async ({ ctx, input }) => {
             if (!(await ctx.releases.cancelOperation(input.id))) {
-                throw new TRPCError({ code: 'CONFLICT', message: 'Only queued releases can be cancelled.' });
+                throw new TRPCError({
+                    code: 'CONFLICT',
+                    message: 'Only queued releases or a release that is still building can be cancelled.',
+                });
             }
             return { ok: true };
         }),

app/gateway-api/src/orchestrator/buildRunner.ts

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ export interface BuildResult {
     ok: boolean;
     exitCode: number | null;
     output: string;
+    aborted?: boolean;
 }
 
 export type BuildProgressEvent =
@@ -21,8 +22,13 @@ export type BuildProgressEvent =
 
 export type BuildProgressObserver = (event: BuildProgressEvent) => void | Promise<void>;
 
+export interface BuildRunOptions {
+    signal?: AbortSignal;
+    terminateGraceMs?: number;
+}
+
 export interface BuildRunner {
-    run(commands: BuildCommand[], onProgress?: BuildProgressObserver): Promise<BuildResult>;
+    run(commands: BuildCommand[], onProgress?: BuildProgressObserver, options?: BuildRunOptions): Promise<BuildResult>;
 }
 
 export const MAX_BUILD_OUTPUT_CHARS = 64 * 1024;
@@ -77,7 +83,28 @@ export const buildTurboReleaseTaskCommand = (
 const appendOutputTail = (current: string, chunk: unknown): string =>
     `${current}${String(chunk)}`.slice(-MAX_BUILD_OUTPUT_CHARS);
 
-const runCommand = (command: BuildCommand, onProgress?: BuildProgressObserver): Promise<BuildResult> =>
+const terminateChildProcess = (pid: number | undefined, signal: NodeJS.Signals): void => {
+    if (!pid) return;
+    try {
+        if (process.platform !== 'win32') {
+            process.kill(-pid, signal);
+            return;
+        }
+    } catch {
+        // Fall back to the direct child below when the process group already exited.
+    }
+    try {
+        process.kill(pid, signal);
+    } catch {
+        // The child already exited.
+    }
+};
+
+const runCommand = (
+    command: BuildCommand,
+    onProgress?: BuildProgressObserver,
+    options?: BuildRunOptions
+): Promise<BuildResult> =>
     new Promise((resolve) => {
         let progressQueue = Promise.resolve();
         const emit = (event: BuildProgressEvent) => {
@@ -89,9 +116,25 @@ const runCommand = (command: BuildCommand, onProgress?: BuildProgressObserver):
             cwd: command.cwd,
             env: command.env,
             stdio: ['ignore', 'pipe', 'pipe'],
+            detached: process.platform !== 'win32',
         });
         let output = '';
         let spawnFailed = false;
+        let aborted = false;
+        let killTimer: ReturnType<typeof setTimeout> | undefined;
+        const abort = () => {
+            if (aborted) return;
+            aborted = true;
+            output = appendOutputTail(output, '\nBuild cancelled by operator.');
+            terminateChildProcess(child.pid, 'SIGTERM');
+            killTimer = setTimeout(
+                () => terminateChildProcess(child.pid, 'SIGKILL'),
+                options?.terminateGraceMs ?? 5_000
+            );
+            killTimer.unref?.();
+        };
+        options?.signal?.addEventListener('abort', abort, { once: true });
+        if (options?.signal?.aborted) abort();
         const lineBuffers = { stdout: '', stderr: '' };
         const emitOutput = (stream: 'stdout' | 'stderr', chunk: unknown, flush = false) => {
             if (flush && !lineBuffers[stream]) return;
@@ -119,31 +162,47 @@ const runCommand = (command: BuildCommand, onProgress?: BuildProgressObserver):
             output = appendOutputTail(output, error.message);
         });
         child.on('close', (code) => {
+            options?.signal?.removeEventListener('abort', abort);
+            if (killTimer) clearTimeout(killTimer);
             emitOutput('stdout', '', true);
             emitOutput('stderr', '', true);
             const exitCode = spawnFailed ? null : code;
             emit({ type: 'COMMAND_END', command, exitCode });
             void progressQueue.then(() => {
                 resolve({
-                    ok: !spawnFailed && code === 0,
+                    ok: !aborted && !spawnFailed && code === 0,
                     exitCode,
                     output,
+                    ...(aborted ? { aborted: true } : {}),
                 });
             });
         });
     });
 
 export class PnpmBuildRunner implements BuildRunner {
-    async run(commands: BuildCommand[], onProgress?: BuildProgressObserver): Promise<BuildResult> {
+    async run(
+        commands: BuildCommand[],
+        onProgress?: BuildProgressObserver,
+        options?: BuildRunOptions
+    ): Promise<BuildResult> {
         let mergedOutput = '';
         for (const command of commands) {
-            const result = await runCommand(command, onProgress);
+            if (options?.signal?.aborted) {
+                return {
+                    ok: false,
+                    exitCode: null,
+                    output: appendOutputTail(mergedOutput, 'Build cancelled by operator.'),
+                    aborted: true,
+                };
+            }
+            const result = await runCommand(command, onProgress, options);
             mergedOutput = appendOutputTail(mergedOutput, result.output);
             if (!result.ok) {
                 return {
                     ok: false,
                     exitCode: result.exitCode,
                     output: mergedOutput,
+                    ...(result.aborted ? { aborted: true } : {}),
                 };
             }
         }

app/gateway-api/src/orchestrator/gatewayOrchestrator.ts

@@ -198,6 +198,7 @@ interface GatewayAdminActionResult {
 
 const OPERATION_LEASE_DURATION_MS = 10 * 60_000;
 const OPERATION_HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL_MS = 60_000;
+const OPERATION_CANCELLATION_POLL_INTERVAL_MS = 500;
 
 class OperationLeaseLostError extends Error {}
 
@@ -633,6 +634,7 @@ export class GatewayOrchestrator implements GatewayOrchestratorHandle {
     private buildInFlight = false;
     private adminActionInFlight = false;
     private operationInFlight = false;
+    private activeOperationAbortSignal?: AbortSignal;
     private readonly resetInFlight = new Set<string>();
     private readonly operationLeaseOwner = randomUUID();
     private readonly inFlightTasks = new Set<Promise<unknown>>();
@@ -975,6 +977,8 @@ export class GatewayOrchestrator implements GatewayOrchestratorHandle {
             if (!operation) {
                 return;
             }
+            const abortController = new AbortController();
+            this.activeOperationAbortSignal = abortController.signal;
             const heartbeatTimer = this.repository.renewOperationLease
                 ? setInterval(() => {
                       void this.repository
@@ -984,17 +988,36 @@ export class GatewayOrchestrator implements GatewayOrchestratorHandle {
                               this.now(),
                               OPERATION_LEASE_DURATION_MS
                           )
+                          .then((renewed) => {
+                              if (!renewed) abortController.abort();
+                          })
                           .catch((error) => {
                               console.error('[gateway-orchestrator] operation heartbeat failed', error);
                           });
                   }, OPERATION_HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL_MS)
                 : undefined;
+            const cancellationTimer = setInterval(() => {
+                void this.repository
+                    .getOperation(operation.id)
+                    .then((current) => {
+                        if (
+                            !current ||
+                            current.status !== 'RUNNING' ||
+                            current.leaseOwner !== this.operationLeaseOwner
+                        ) {
+                            abortController.abort();
+                        }
+                    })
+                    .catch(() => undefined);
+            }, OPERATION_CANCELLATION_POLL_INTERVAL_MS);
             try {
                 await this.handleOperation(operation);
             } finally {
+                clearInterval(cancellationTimer);
                 if (heartbeatTimer) {
                     clearInterval(heartbeatTimer);
                 }
+                this.activeOperationAbortSignal = undefined;
             }
         } finally {
             this.operationInFlight = false;
@@ -1442,9 +1465,11 @@ export class GatewayOrchestrator implements GatewayOrchestratorHandle {
                 ),
             ];
             await this.appendOperationLog(operationId, 'build', `${profile.profileName} 구성 요소를 빌드합니다.`);
-            const result = await this.buildRunner.run(commands, this.buildProgress(operationId, 'build'));
-            await assertLease();
+            const result = await this.buildRunner.run(commands, this.buildProgress(operationId, 'build'), {
+                signal: this.activeOperationAbortSignal,
+            });
             if (!result.ok) {
+                await assertLease();
                 const detail = result.output.slice(-4000) || 'selected workspace build failed';
                 await updateClaimedProfile({
                     buildStatus: 'FAILED',
@@ -1455,6 +1480,7 @@ export class GatewayOrchestrator implements GatewayOrchestratorHandle {
             }
 
             await this.appendOperationLog(operationId, 'switch', '기존 profile process를 정지합니다.');
+            await assertLease();
             await this.stopProfile(profile, assertLease);
             oldRuntimeStopped = true;
             const profileDatabaseUrl = this.resolveProfileDatabaseUrl(profile);
@@ -2030,7 +2056,8 @@ export class GatewayOrchestrator implements GatewayOrchestratorHandle {
         return {
             result: await this.buildRunner.run(
                 commands,
-                operationId ? this.buildProgress(operationId, 'build') : undefined
+                operationId ? this.buildProgress(operationId, 'build') : undefined,
+                { signal: this.activeOperationAbortSignal }
             ),
             workspace,
         };
@@ -2052,7 +2079,8 @@ export class GatewayOrchestrator implements GatewayOrchestratorHandle {
     ): Promise<Awaited<ReturnType<BuildRunner['run']>>> {
         return this.buildRunner.run(
             [buildProfileMigrationCommand(workspaceRoot, profileDatabaseUrl, this.processConfig.baseEnv)],
-            onProgress
+            onProgress,
+            { signal: this.activeOperationAbortSignal }
         );
     }
 
@@ -2106,7 +2134,8 @@ export class GatewayOrchestrator implements GatewayOrchestratorHandle {
                         },
                     },
                 ],
-                onProgress
+                onProgress,
+                { signal: this.activeOperationAbortSignal }
             );
         } finally {
             await fs.rm(tempDirectory, { recursive: true, force: true });

app/gateway-api/src/orchestrator/gatewayReleaseRepository.ts

@@ -208,13 +208,18 @@ export const createGatewayReleaseRepository = (prisma: GatewayPrismaClient): Gat
         return rows.map(mapLog);
     },
     async appendOperationLog(id, input) {
-        const row = await prisma.gatewayReleaseLog.create({
-            data: {
-                operationId: id,
-                level: input.level,
-                phase: input.phase.slice(0, 64),
-                message: input.message.slice(0, 4_000),
-            },
+        const row = await prisma.$transaction(async (tx) => {
+            await tx.$queryRaw<Array<{ id: string }>>`
+                SELECT "id" FROM "gateway_release_operation" WHERE "id" = ${id} FOR UPDATE
+            `;
+            return tx.gatewayReleaseLog.create({
+                data: {
+                    operationId: id,
+                    level: input.level,
+                    phase: input.phase.slice(0, 64),
+                    message: input.message.slice(0, 4_000),
+                },
+            });
         });
         return mapLog(row);
     },
@@ -367,11 +372,48 @@ export const createGatewayReleaseRepository = (prisma: GatewayPrismaClient): Gat
         });
     },
     async cancelOperation(id) {
-        const updated = await prisma.gatewayReleaseOperation.updateMany({
-            where: { id, status: 'QUEUED' },
-            data: { status: 'CANCELLED', completedAt: new Date() },
+        const count = await prisma.$transaction(async (tx) => {
+            const rows = await tx.$queryRaw<Array<{ status: GatewayOperationStatus }>>`
+                SELECT "status"
+                FROM "gateway_release_operation"
+                WHERE "id" = ${id}
+                FOR UPDATE
+            `;
+            const operation = rows[0];
+            if (!operation || (operation.status !== 'QUEUED' && operation.status !== 'RUNNING')) return 0;
+            if (operation.status === 'RUNNING') {
+                const latestLog = await tx.gatewayReleaseLog.findFirst({
+                    where: { operationId: id },
+                    orderBy: { id: 'desc' },
+                    select: { phase: true },
+                });
+                if (!latestLog || !['claim', 'resolve', 'workspace', 'build'].includes(latestLog.phase)) return 0;
+            }
+            const updated = await tx.gatewayReleaseOperation.updateMany({
+                where: { id, status: operation.status },
+                data: {
+                    status: 'CANCELLED',
+                    completedAt: new Date(),
+                    leaseOwner: null,
+                    leaseUntil: null,
+                    heartbeatAt: null,
+                },
+            });
+            if (updated.count !== 1) return 0;
+            await tx.gatewayReleaseLog.create({
+                data: {
+                    operationId: id,
+                    level: 'INFO',
+                    phase: 'cancel',
+                    message:
+                        operation.status === 'RUNNING'
+                            ? '실행 중인 Gateway 빌드를 중단했습니다. 현재 active release는 유지됩니다.'
+                            : '대기 중인 Gateway 릴리스를 취소했습니다.',
+                },
+            });
+            return 1;
         });
-        return updated.count === 1;
+        return count === 1;
     },
     async retryOperation(id, requestedBy) {
         const row = await prisma.$transaction(async (tx) => {

app/gateway-api/src/orchestrator/profileRepository.ts

@@ -586,13 +586,18 @@ export const createGatewayProfileRepository = (prisma: GatewayPrismaClient): Gat
         return rows.map(mapOperationLog);
     },
     async appendOperationLog(id, input) {
-        const row = await prisma.gatewayOperationLog.create({
-            data: {
-                operationId: id,
-                level: input.level,
-                phase: input.phase.slice(0, 64),
-                message: input.message.slice(0, 4_000),
-            },
+        const row = await prisma.$transaction(async (tx) => {
+            await tx.$queryRaw<Array<{ id: string }>>`
+                SELECT "id" FROM "gateway_operation" WHERE "id" = ${id} FOR UPDATE
+            `;
+            return tx.gatewayOperationLog.create({
+                data: {
+                    operationId: id,
+                    level: input.level,
+                    phase: input.phase.slice(0, 64),
+                    message: input.message.slice(0, 4_000),
+                },
+            });
         });
         return mapOperationLog(row);
     },
@@ -805,21 +810,61 @@ export const createGatewayProfileRepository = (prisma: GatewayPrismaClient): Gat
     },
     async cancelOperation(id: string): Promise<boolean> {
         const count = await prisma.$transaction(async (tx) => {
+            const rows = await tx.$queryRaw<Array<{ status: GatewayOperationStatus; type: GatewayOperationType }>>`
+                SELECT "status", "type"
+                FROM "gateway_operation"
+                WHERE "id" = ${id}
+                FOR UPDATE
+            `;
+            const operation = rows[0];
+            if (!operation || (operation.status !== 'QUEUED' && operation.status !== 'RUNNING')) return 0;
+
+            let runningBuildCancelled = false;
+            if (operation.status === 'RUNNING') {
+                if (operation.type !== 'DEPLOY') return 0;
+                const latestLog = await tx.gatewayOperationLog.findFirst({
+                    where: { operationId: id },
+                    orderBy: { id: 'desc' },
+                    select: { phase: true },
+                });
+                if (!latestLog || !['claim', 'resolve', 'workspace', 'build'].includes(latestLog.phase)) return 0;
+                runningBuildCancelled = true;
+            }
+
             const result = await tx.gatewayOperation.updateMany({
-                where: { id, status: 'QUEUED' },
-                data: { status: 'CANCELLED', completedAt: new Date() },
+                where: { id, status: operation.status },
+                data: {
+                    status: 'CANCELLED',
+                    completedAt: new Date(),
+                    leaseOwner: null,
+                    leaseUntil: null,
+                    heartbeatAt: null,
+                },
             });
-            if (result.count === 1) {
-                await tx.gatewayOperationLog.create({
+            if (result.count !== 1) return 0;
+            if (runningBuildCancelled) {
+                await tx.gatewayProfile.updateMany({
+                    where: { operations: { some: { id } } },
                     data: {
-                        operationId: id,
-                        level: 'INFO',
-                        phase: 'cancel',
-                        message: '대기 중인 작업이 취소되었습니다.',
+                        buildStatus: 'SUCCEEDED',
+                        buildRequestedAt: null,
+                        buildStartedAt: null,
+                        buildCompletedAt: null,
+                        buildError: null,
                     },
                 });
             }
-            return result.count;
+            await tx.gatewayOperationLog.create({
+                data: {
+                    operationId: id,
+                    level: 'INFO',
+                    phase: 'cancel',
+                    message: runningBuildCancelled
+                        ? '실행 중인 빌드를 중단했습니다. 기존 runtime과 DB는 유지됩니다.'
+                        : '대기 중인 작업이 취소되었습니다.',
+                },
+            });
+            return 1;
         });
         return count === 1;
     },

app/gateway-api/test/buildRunner.test.ts

@@ -145,4 +145,28 @@ describe('PnpmBuildRunner', () => {
             { type: 'COMMAND_END' },
         ]);
     });
+
+    it('terminates a running build process group when the operation is cancelled', async () => {
+        const runner = new PnpmBuildRunner();
+        const abortController = new AbortController();
+        const startedAt = Date.now();
+        const timer = setTimeout(() => abortController.abort(), 50);
+
+        const result = await runner.run(
+            [
+                {
+                    command: process.execPath,
+                    args: ['-e', "setInterval(() => process.stdout.write('still-running\\n'), 25);"],
+                    cwd: process.cwd(),
+                },
+            ],
+            undefined,
+            { signal: abortController.signal, terminateGraceMs: 100 }
+        );
+        clearTimeout(timer);
+
+        expect(result).toMatchObject({ ok: false, aborted: true });
+        expect(result.output).toContain('Build cancelled by operator.');
+        expect(Date.now() - startedAt).toBeLessThan(2_000);
+    });
 });

app/gateway-api/test/profileOperationLease.integration.test.ts

@@ -249,6 +249,72 @@ describeDatabase('gateway operation lease and profile serialization', () => {
         ).resolves.toMatchObject({ status: 'SUCCEEDED' });
     });
 
+    it('cancels only a running profile DEPLOY build and fences its worker lease', async () => {
+        const operation = await repository.createOperation({
+            profileName,
+            type: 'DEPLOY',
+            sourceMode: 'BRANCH',
+            sourceRef: 'main',
+            requestedBy: 'admin',
+        });
+        const now = new Date('2030-01-01T00:00:00.000Z');
+        await repository.claimNextOperation(now, { ownerId: 'worker-a', durationMs: 10_000 });
+        await repository.updateProfileForOperation?.(operation.id, 'worker-a', profileName, {
+            buildStatus: 'RUNNING',
+            buildError: 'temporary build output',
+        });
+        await repository.appendOperationLog(operation.id, {
+            level: 'INFO',
+            phase: 'build',
+            message: 'building profile',
+        });
+
+        await expect(repository.cancelOperation(operation.id)).resolves.toBe(true);
+        await expect(repository.getOperation(operation.id)).resolves.toMatchObject({
+            status: 'CANCELLED',
+            leaseOwner: undefined,
+        });
+        await expect(repository.getProfile(profileName)).resolves.toMatchObject({
+            buildStatus: 'SUCCEEDED',
+            buildError: undefined,
+        });
+        await expect(repository.renewOperationLease?.(operation.id, 'worker-a', now, 10_000)).resolves.toBe(false);
+    });
+
+    it('cancels a running Gateway build but rejects cancellation after migration starts', async () => {
+        const buildOperation = await releaseRepository.createOperation({
+            type: 'DEPLOY',
+            sourceMode: 'BRANCH',
+            sourceRef: 'main',
+            requestedBy: 'admin',
+        });
+        const now = new Date('2030-01-01T00:00:00.000Z');
+        await releaseRepository.claimNextOperation(now, { ownerId: 'release-worker', durationMs: 10_000 });
+        await releaseRepository.appendOperationLog(buildOperation.id, {
+            level: 'INFO',
+            phase: 'build',
+            message: 'building Gateway',
+        });
+        await expect(releaseRepository.cancelOperation(buildOperation.id)).resolves.toBe(true);
+        await expect(
+            releaseRepository.renewOperationLease(buildOperation.id, 'release-worker', now, 10_000)
+        ).resolves.toBe(false);
+
+        const migrationOperation = await releaseRepository.createOperation({
+            type: 'DEPLOY',
+            sourceMode: 'BRANCH',
+            sourceRef: 'main',
+            requestedBy: 'admin',
+        });
+        await releaseRepository.claimNextOperation(now, { ownerId: 'release-worker', durationMs: 10_000 });
+        await releaseRepository.appendOperationLog(migrationOperation.id, {
+            level: 'INFO',
+            phase: 'migration',
+            message: 'migrating Gateway',
+        });
+        await expect(releaseRepository.cancelOperation(migrationOperation.id)).resolves.toBe(false);
+    });
+
     it('pins retry to the first resolved commit and preserves its install generation', async () => {
         const operation = await repository.createOperation({
             profileName,

app/gateway-frontend/e2e/server-operations.spec.ts

@@ -457,6 +457,33 @@ const installFixture = async (page: Page, state: FixtureState) => {
                 state.operations = [operation, ...state.operations];
                 return response(operation);
             }
+            if (name === 'admin.operations.cancel') {
+                const id = JSON.stringify(body).match(/[0-9a-f]{8}-[0-9a-f-]{27,}/u)?.[0];
+                state.operations = state.operations.map((operation) =>
+                    operation.id === id ? { ...operation, status: 'CANCELLED' as const } : operation
+                );
+                return response({ ok: true });
+            }
+            if (name === 'admin.releases.cancel') {
+                const id = JSON.stringify(body).match(/[0-9a-f]{8}-[0-9a-f-]{27,}/u)?.[0];
+                state.gatewayOperations = state.gatewayOperations.map((operation) =>
+                    operation.id === id ? { ...operation, status: 'CANCELLED' as const } : operation
+                );
+                return response({ ok: true });
+            }
+            if (name === 'admin.releases.retry') {
+                const previous = state.gatewayOperations[0];
+                if (!previous) throw new Error('Release retry fixture is missing');
+                const retried = {
+                    ...previous,
+                    id: 'aaaaaaaa-aaaa-4aaa-8aaa-aaaaaaaaaaaa',
+                    status: 'QUEUED' as const,
+                    sourceMode: 'COMMIT' as const,
+                    sourceRef: previous.resolvedCommitSha ?? previous.sourceRef,
+                };
+                state.gatewayOperations = [retried, ...state.gatewayOperations];
+                return response(retried);
+            }
             throw new Error(`Unhandled tRPC operation: ${name}`);
         });
         await route.fulfill({
@@ -1203,6 +1230,77 @@ test('scenario-only operator resets the server-selected version without Git or G
     expect(JSON.stringify(request?.body)).not.toContain('"sourceRef"');
 });
 
+test('stops a running profile build while keeping the existing runtime available', async ({ page }) => {
+    const operation: Operation = {
+        id: '12121212-1212-4212-8212-121212121212',
+        profileName: 'che:default',
+        type: 'DEPLOY',
+        status: 'RUNNING',
+        sourceMode: 'COMMIT',
+        sourceRef: '0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef01234567',
+        payload: {},
+        requestedBy: 'admin',
+        createdAt: '2026-08-20T01:00:00.000Z',
+        updatedAt: '2026-08-20T01:00:01.000Z',
+    };
+    const state: FixtureState = {
+        operations: [operation],
+        gatewayOperations: [],
+        runtimeRunning: true,
+        requestBodies: [],
+        profileLogsEmpty: true,
+    };
+    await installFixture(page, state);
+    page.on('dialog', (dialog) => dialog.accept());
+
+    await page.goto('admin/servers/che%3Adefault/version');
+    await expect(page.getByTestId('profile-build-recovery-guide')).toContainText('기존 profile runtime과 게임 DB는');
+    await page.getByRole('button', { name: '빌드 중단' }).click();
+
+    await expect(page.getByText('프로필 빌드를 중단했습니다.').first()).toBeVisible();
+    await expect(page.getByTestId('operations-table').getByText('CANCELLED', { exact: true })).toBeVisible();
+    expect(state.requestBodies.some((entry) => entry.operation === 'admin.operations.cancel')).toBe(true);
+});
+
+test('stops and retries a running Gateway build from the release GUI', async ({ page }) => {
+    const state: FixtureState = {
+        operations: [],
+        gatewayOperations: [
+            {
+                id: '34343434-3434-4434-8434-343434343434',
+                type: 'DEPLOY',
+                status: 'RUNNING',
+                sourceMode: 'COMMIT',
+                sourceRef: 'aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa',
+                resolvedCommitSha: 'aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa',
+                payload: {},
+                requestedBy: 'admin',
+                createdAt: '2026-08-20T01:00:00.000Z',
+                updatedAt: '2026-08-20T01:00:01.000Z',
+            },
+        ],
+        runtimeRunning: true,
+        requestBodies: [],
+        gatewayLogsEmpty: true,
+    };
+    await installFixture(page, state);
+    page.on('dialog', (dialog) => dialog.accept());
+
+    await page.goto('admin/releases');
+    await expect(page.getByTestId('gateway-build-recovery-guide')).toContainText(
+        'migration 또는 process 전환이 시작된 뒤에는'
+    );
+    await page.getByRole('button', { name: '빌드 중단' }).click();
+    await expect(page.getByText('Gateway 빌드를 중단했습니다.').first()).toBeVisible();
+    await expect(page.getByTestId('gateway-release-table').getByText('CANCELLED', { exact: true })).toBeVisible();
+
+    await page.getByRole('button', { name: '재시도' }).click();
+    await expect(page.getByText('Gateway 릴리스 재시도 작업을 등록했습니다.').first()).toBeVisible();
+    await expect(page.getByTestId('gateway-release-table').getByText('QUEUED', { exact: true })).toBeVisible();
+    expect(state.requestBodies.some((entry) => entry.operation === 'admin.releases.cancel')).toBe(true);
+    expect(state.requestBodies.some((entry) => entry.operation === 'admin.releases.retry')).toBe(true);
+});
+
 test('controls gateway deployment and rollback through the external controller queue', async ({ page }, testInfo) => {
     const state: FixtureState = {
         operations: [],

app/gateway-frontend/src/views/ServerOperationsView.vue

@@ -546,6 +546,37 @@ const requestGatewayRollback = async () => {
     }
 };
 
+const cancelGatewayRelease = async (operation: GatewayReleaseOperation) => {
+    clearStatus();
+    const prompt =
+        operation.status === 'RUNNING'
+            ? '실행 중인 Gateway 빌드를 중단하시겠습니까? process 전환 또는 migration이 시작된 뒤에는 중단할 수 없습니다.'
+            : '대기 중인 Gateway 릴리스를 취소하시겠습니까?';
+    if (!window.confirm(prompt)) return;
+    try {
+        await adminClient.releases.cancel.mutate({ id: operation.id });
+        selectedGatewayOperationId.value = operation.id;
+        message.value =
+            operation.status === 'RUNNING' ? 'Gateway 빌드를 중단했습니다.' : 'Gateway 릴리스를 취소했습니다.';
+        await loadState(true);
+    } catch (error) {
+        errorMessage.value = error instanceof Error ? error.message : 'Gateway 릴리스 중단에 실패했습니다.';
+    }
+};
+
+const retryGatewayRelease = async (operation: GatewayReleaseOperation) => {
+    clearStatus();
+    if (!window.confirm('같은 고정 커밋으로 Gateway 릴리스를 다시 실행하시겠습니까?')) return;
+    try {
+        const retried = await adminClient.releases.retry.mutate({ id: operation.id });
+        selectedGatewayOperationId.value = retried.id;
+        message.value = 'Gateway 릴리스 재시도 작업을 등록했습니다.';
+        await loadState(true);
+    } catch (error) {
+        errorMessage.value = error instanceof Error ? error.message : 'Gateway 릴리스 재시도에 실패했습니다.';
+    }
+};
+
 const loadScenarios = async () => {
     clearStatus();
     if (form.sourceMode !== 'CURRENT' && !form.sourceRef.trim()) {
@@ -688,13 +719,17 @@ const requestGameCancellation = async () => {
 
 const cancelOperation = async (operation: Operation) => {
     clearStatus();
-    if (!window.confirm('대기 중인 작업을 취소하시겠습니까?')) {
+    const prompt =
+        operation.status === 'RUNNING'
+            ? '실행 중인 프로필 빌드를 중단하시겠습니까? 기존 runtime과 게임 DB는 유지됩니다.'
+            : '대기 중인 작업을 취소하시겠습니까?';
+    if (!window.confirm(prompt)) {
         return;
     }
     try {
         await adminClient.operations.cancel.mutate({ id: operation.id });
         selectedProfileOperationId.value = operation.id;
-        message.value = '작업을 취소했습니다.';
+        message.value = operation.status === 'RUNNING' ? '프로필 빌드를 중단했습니다.' : '작업을 취소했습니다.';
         await loadState(true);
     } catch (error) {
         errorMessage.value = error instanceof Error ? error.message : '작업 취소에 실패했습니다.';
@@ -1191,6 +1226,14 @@ onBeforeUnmount(() => {
                 class="rounded-lg border border-violet-800/70 bg-zinc-900 p-5 space-y-4"
                 data-testid="gateway-release-panel"
             >
+                <div
+                    class="rounded border border-amber-800/80 bg-amber-950/30 px-4 py-3 text-sm text-amber-100"
+                    data-testid="gateway-build-recovery-guide"
+                >
+                    <strong>빌드가 멈춘 경우:</strong> 로그의 마지막 단계가 build일 때만
+                    <strong>빌드 중단</strong>을 누르고 CANCELLED를 확인한 뒤 <strong>재시도</strong>하세요.
+                    migration 또는 process 전환이 시작된 뒤에는 DB와 runtime 보호를 위해 중단할 수 없습니다.
+                </div>
                 <div class="flex flex-col gap-2 md:flex-row md:items-center md:justify-between">
                     <div>
                         <h3 class="text-lg font-semibold">Gateway 릴리스</h3>
@@ -1388,6 +1431,24 @@ onBeforeUnmount(() => {
                                                         : '오류 보기'
                                                 }}
                                             </button>
+                                            <button
+                                                v-if="operation.status === 'QUEUED' || operation.status === 'RUNNING'"
+                                                type="button"
+                                                class="rounded border border-red-800 px-2 py-1 text-red-300 hover:bg-red-950 focus-visible:outline focus-visible:outline-2 focus-visible:outline-offset-2 focus-visible:outline-red-400"
+                                                @click="cancelGatewayRelease(operation)"
+                                            >
+                                                {{ operation.status === 'RUNNING' ? '빌드 중단' : '취소' }}
+                                            </button>
+                                            <button
+                                                v-else-if="
+                                                    operation.status === 'FAILED' || operation.status === 'CANCELLED'
+                                                "
+                                                type="button"
+                                                class="rounded border border-amber-700 px-2 py-1 text-amber-300 hover:bg-amber-950 focus-visible:outline focus-visible:outline-2 focus-visible:outline-offset-2 focus-visible:outline-amber-400"
+                                                @click="retryGatewayRelease(operation)"
+                                            >
+                                                재시도
+                                            </button>
                                         </div>
                                     </td>
                                 </tr>
@@ -1476,6 +1537,14 @@ onBeforeUnmount(() => {
             </section>
 
             <section v-if="mode !== 'gateway'" class="rounded-lg border border-zinc-800 bg-zinc-900 p-5">
+                <div
+                    class="mb-4 rounded border border-amber-800/80 bg-amber-950/30 px-4 py-3 text-sm text-amber-100"
+                    data-testid="profile-build-recovery-guide"
+                >
+                    <strong>DB 보존 업데이트 빌드가 멈춘 경우:</strong> <strong>빌드 중단</strong>을 누르고
+                    CANCELLED를 확인한 뒤 <strong>재시도</strong>하세요. 기존 profile runtime과 게임 DB는
+                    유지됩니다. RESET·migration·process 전환 단계는 이 화면에서 강제 중단하지 않습니다.
+                </div>
                 <div class="mb-4 flex items-center justify-between">
                     <h3 class="text-lg font-semibold">작업 이력</h3>
                     <span class="text-xs text-zinc-500">3초마다 상태 갱신</span>
@@ -1565,11 +1634,14 @@ onBeforeUnmount(() => {
                                             로그
                                         </button>
                                         <button
-                                            v-if="operation.status === 'QUEUED'"
+                                            v-if="
+                                                operation.status === 'QUEUED' ||
+                                                (operation.status === 'RUNNING' && operation.type === 'DEPLOY')
+                                            "
                                             class="rounded border border-red-800 px-2 py-1 text-xs text-red-300 hover:bg-red-950"
                                             @click="cancelOperation(operation)"
                                         >
-                                            취소
+                                            {{ operation.status === 'RUNNING' ? '빌드 중단' : '취소' }}
                                         </button>
                                         <button
                                             v-else-if="

app/release-controller/README.md

@@ -87,6 +87,34 @@ pnpm --filter @sammo-ts/release-controller self-upgrade COMMIT <full-sha>
 Database migration은 일반적으로 되돌리지 않습니다. 이전 애플리케이션으로
 rollback하려면 새 schema와의 하위 호환성을 릴리스 전에 확인해 주세요.
 
+## 멈춘 빌드 복구
+
+운영 container나 PM2 process를 먼저 종료하지 마세요. 관리자 화면의
+`Gateway 릴리스` 또는 profile `버전 업데이트` 작업 이력에서 로그의 마지막 단계와
+작업 상태를 확인합니다.
+
+1. `RUNNING`이고 마지막 단계가 `claim`, `resolve`, `workspace`, `build` 중 하나이면
+   `빌드 중단`을 누릅니다.
+2. 작업이 `CANCELLED`가 되고 로그에 빌드 종료가 기록될 때까지 기다립니다. Controller와
+   orchestrator는 해당 process group에 SIGTERM을 보내고 제한 시간 뒤 SIGKILL로
+   정리하며, 기존 active Gateway/profile runtime과 profile DB는 유지합니다.
+3. 같은 행의 `재시도`를 누르면 최초 작업이 고정한 commit으로 새 작업을 등록합니다.
+   branch의 최신 commit을 새로 선택하려면 새 배포 작업을 등록합니다.
+
+마지막 단계가 `migration`, `switch`, `readiness`이면 중단 요청을 거부합니다. 이 구간에서
+container restart, PM2 delete 또는 DB row 직접 변경으로 lease를 무효화하지 말고 작업 로그와
+controller/orchestrator 상태를 조사합니다. Profile 상태가 `PAUSED`이면 runtime 장애가 아니라
+turn gate가 닫힌 상태이므로 배포 완료 후 서버 관리 화면에서 `턴 재개`를 사용합니다.
+
+호스트에서는 stack wrapper로 container와 로그를 읽기 전용 확인합니다. 운영 stack의 가까운
+README에 정의된 경로에서 다음 순서로 확인하며, `down --volumes`나 `RESET`은 빌드 복구에
+사용하지 않습니다.
+
+```sh
+./scripts/stack.sh ps
+./scripts/stack.sh logs runtime
+```
+
 `release-manifest.json`의 `controllerProtocol`이 올라간 릴리스는 controller를
 먼저 self-upgrade해야 합니다. Protocol 2는 `GatewayReleaseLog` 진행 로그 저장을
 요구합니다. 구형 controller로 새 Gateway만 배포하면 관리자 화면과 controller의

app/release-controller/src/releaseController.ts

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ import type { ReleaseControllerConfig } from './config.js';
 
 const LEASE_DURATION_MS = 10 * 60_000;
 const HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL_MS = 60_000;
+const CANCELLATION_POLL_INTERVAL_MS = 500;
 const PROCESS_NAMES = ['sammo:gateway-api', 'sammo:gateway-frontend', 'sammo:gateway-orchestrator'] as const;
 const SENSITIVE_ENV_NAME = /(SECRET|TOKEN|PASSWORD|PASSWD|PRIVATE_KEY|CLIENT_SECRET|DATABASE_URL|REDIS_URL)/iu;
 
@@ -187,9 +188,25 @@ export class GatewayReleaseController {
         });
         if (!operation) return null;
         await this.appendLog(operation.id, 'claim', `릴리스 작업을 시작합니다. 시도 ${operation.attempts}회차.`);
+        const abortController = new AbortController();
         const heartbeat = setInterval(() => {
-            void this.repository.renewOperationLease(operation.id, this.ownerId, this.now(), LEASE_DURATION_MS);
+            void this.repository
+                .renewOperationLease(operation.id, this.ownerId, this.now(), LEASE_DURATION_MS)
+                .then((renewed) => {
+                    if (!renewed) abortController.abort();
+                })
+                .catch(() => undefined);
         }, HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL_MS);
+        const cancellationWatcher = setInterval(() => {
+            void this.repository
+                .getOperation(operation.id)
+                .then((current) => {
+                    if (!current || current.status !== 'RUNNING' || current.leaseOwner !== this.ownerId) {
+                        abortController.abort();
+                    }
+                })
+                .catch(() => undefined);
+        }, CANCELLATION_POLL_INTERVAL_MS);
         let resolvedCommitSha: string | undefined;
         try {
             await this.appendLog(operation.id, 'resolve', '현재 Gateway 릴리스 상태를 확인합니다.');
@@ -208,7 +225,7 @@ export class GatewayReleaseController {
                 throw new Error('Gateway release lease was lost while pinning the commit.');
             }
             await this.appendLog(operation.id, 'resolve', `대상 커밋을 ${resolvedCommitSha}로 고정했습니다.`);
-            await this.deploy(operation, deploymentState, resolvedCommitSha);
+            await this.deploy(operation, deploymentState, resolvedCommitSha, abortController.signal);
             await this.appendLog(operation.id, 'complete', 'Gateway 릴리스가 완료되었습니다.');
             return await this.repository.completeOperation(
                 operation.id,
@@ -217,6 +234,17 @@ export class GatewayReleaseController {
                 this.ownerId
             );
         } catch (error) {
+            const current = await this.repository.getOperation(operation.id);
+            if (
+                !current ||
+                current.status !== 'RUNNING' ||
+                (abortController.signal.aborted && current.leaseOwner !== this.ownerId)
+            ) {
+                if (current?.status === 'CANCELLED') {
+                    await this.appendLog(operation.id, 'cancel', '실행 중인 Gateway 빌드가 종료되었습니다.');
+                }
+                return current;
+            }
             const detail = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
             await this.appendLog(operation.id, 'failed', detail, 'ERROR');
             await this.repository.recordStateError(detail);
@@ -228,13 +256,21 @@ export class GatewayReleaseController {
             );
         } finally {
             clearInterval(heartbeat);
+            clearInterval(cancellationWatcher);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private async assertOperationLease(operationId: string): Promise<void> {
+        if (!(await this.repository.renewOperationLease(operationId, this.ownerId, this.now(), LEASE_DURATION_MS))) {
+            throw new Error(`Gateway release lease lost: ${operationId}`);
         }
     }
 
     private async deploy(
         operation: GatewayReleaseOperationRecord,
         state: GatewayReleaseStateRecord,
-        commitSha: string
+        commitSha: string,
+        signal: AbortSignal
     ): Promise<void> {
         await this.appendLog(operation.id, 'workspace', `커밋 ${commitSha}의 worktree를 준비합니다.`);
         const workspace = await this.workspaceManager.prepare(commitSha);
@@ -244,13 +280,16 @@ export class GatewayReleaseController {
         await this.appendLog(operation.id, 'build', 'Gateway 구성 요소를 빌드합니다.');
         const build = await this.buildRunner.run(
             buildGatewayReleaseCommands(workspace.root, workspace.needsInstall, this.config),
-            this.buildProgress(operation.id, 'build')
+            this.buildProgress(operation.id, 'build'),
+            { signal }
         );
         if (!build.ok) throw new Error(`Gateway release build failed: ${build.output.slice(-4000)}`);
         await this.appendLog(operation.id, 'migration', 'Gateway database migration을 적용합니다.');
+        await this.assertOperationLease(operation.id);
         const migration = await this.buildRunner.run(
             [buildGatewayMigrationCommand(workspace.root, this.config)],
-            this.buildProgress(operation.id, 'migration')
+            this.buildProgress(operation.id, 'migration'),
+            { signal }
         );
         if (!migration.ok) throw new Error(`Gateway migration failed: ${migration.output.slice(-4000)}`);
         await this.appendLog(operation.id, 'migration', 'Gateway database migration이 완료되었습니다.');
@@ -259,6 +298,7 @@ export class GatewayReleaseController {
             ? buildGatewayProcessDefinitions(state.activeWorkspace, this.config)
             : [];
         await this.appendLog(operation.id, 'switch', '기존 Gateway process를 정지합니다.');
+        await this.assertOperationLease(operation.id);
         await this.stopManagedProcesses(operation.id);
         try {
             await this.startDefinitions(buildGatewayProcessDefinitions(workspace.root, this.config), operation.id);